TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Page 



I. Construction and Engineering Departments 



Organization 5 



II. Location 7 



Theory 7 



General Instructions 8 



Volume of Traffic 12 



Distance 13 



Curvature 13 



Rise and Fall . 14 



Ruling Grades 15 



Virtual Grades 17 



Railway Maintenance (as affected by location) 19 



III. Surveys and Construction 20 



Surveys 20 



Maps, Profiles and Records 21 



Right of Way 24 



Estimates 25 



General 2o 



IV. Track and Ballast 30 



Preparation of Roadbed 30 



Ties 31 



Distributing Rails 32 



Curving 32 



Placing Rails in Track 32 



Expansion 33 



Bolting 34 



Gaging 34 



Spiking 35 



Elevation 35 



Tie-Plates 3tf 



Rail Braces 37 



Progs and Switches 37 



Ballasting 37 



Tamping 38 



Ballast, Cross-Section 38 



Supervision 39 



V. Bridges and Culverts 39 



Inspection 39 



Instructions to Inspectors 41 



Inspection Reports 41 



Erection of Steel Bridges 4(5 



General 4f5 



Fitting and Chipping 47 



Riveting 4$ 



Painting 43 



