

AUSTRALASIA. 



37 



and tramways having been 41,226,478, on tele- 

 graphs and telephones 1,013,484, on water sup- 

 ply and sewerage 8,999,531, and on other works 

 and services 10,915,047. The estimated wealth 

 of the colony at the end of 1898 was 547,821,500, 

 of which 169,705,500 was public and 378,- 

 116,000 private wealth. 



Of the revenue of Victoria, taxation produced 

 t2, 91 0,237, of which 1,840,404 came from cus- 

 toms and other duties, 301,318 from excise, 

 115,451 from the land tax, 238,780 from du- 

 ties on estates of deceased persons, 18,844 from 

 the duty on bank notes, 172,400 from the stamp 

 duty, 36,815 from tonnage dues, etc., and 

 186,225 from the income tax. The income from 

 railroads was 2,602,547; from posts and tele- 

 graphs, 526,399: from public lands, 385,518; 

 from other sources, 462,762. The expenditure 

 for debt charges was 1,852,056; for railways, 

 1,559,379; for public instruction, 571,590; for 

 posts and telegraphs, 508,851; for pensions, 

 336,836; for police and jails, 300,723; for 

 charitable institutions, 279,043 ; for various 

 public works, 242,294; for general expenses, 

 220,362; for defenses, 184,677; for law courts, 

 157,457; for mining and agricultural, 142,780; 

 for public lands, 74,508 ; for other purposes, 

 156.495. The revenue for the financial year 

 1900 was estimated at 7,156,225; expenditure, 

 7,136,755. 



In Queensland, customs produced 1,367,426 of 

 the total revenue; excise and export duties, 

 143,905 ; stamps, 120,814 ; licenses, 57,279 ; 

 dividend duty, 60,487 ; rent from pastoral leases, 

 334,960; other rents and sales of land, 240,145; 

 railroads, 1,322,606; posts and telegraphs, 

 284,179. The principal expenditures were 1,- 

 326.963 for interest on the public debt, 79,785 

 for municipal and divisional endowments, 275,- 

 715 for public instruction, 181,470 for the Col- 

 onial Treasurer's department, 76,980 for the 

 Department of Public Lands, 50,401 for the 

 Department of Agriculture, 783,311 for the ex- 

 penses of the railroads, 328,463 for the Depart- 

 ment of Posts and Telegraphs. The expenditure 

 from loans amounted for the year to 1,054,787, 

 mostly for public works, including 628,812 on 

 rail ways. The revenue for 1900 was estimated at 

 4,388,445 and expenditure at 4,364,420. 



In South Australia the revenue is derived from 

 customs duties, excise, posts and telegraphs, rail- 

 ways, and lands, and it is expended on railroads 

 and public works and services and interest on the 

 debt. Three quarters of the debt was contracted 

 to build railways, waterworks, and telegraphs. 

 The railroads earn 3i per cent, a year. The cus- 

 toms receipts for 1900" were estimated at 603,321, 

 the total receipts at 2,711,335; estimated ex- 

 penditure, 2,711,140. 



The revenue of Western Australia is obtained 

 from customs, railroads, and public lands. The 

 public debt on June 30, 1898, was 8,947,954. 



The expenditure of Tasmania for 1898 includes 

 a sum derived from territorial revenues that was 

 applied to the redemption of loans. For 1899 the 

 revenue of Tasmania was estimated at 946,780 

 and expenditure at 856,600. 



Of New Zealand's revenue for 1899, customs 

 supplied 1,965,018; stamps, posts, and tele- 

 graphs, 779,399; railways, 1,465,507; land tax, 

 298,053; income tax, 115,480; sales of land, 

 92,578. The chief expenditures were: 1,767,- 

 468 for public debt charges, 968,917 for rail- 

 roads, 475,218 for education, 388,546 for posts 

 and telegraphs, and 234,344 for constabulary 

 and defense. The total expenditure on public 

 works, including the expenses of raising loans, 



from 1870 to March 31, 1899, was 31,985,750. 

 'The debt amounted to 61 14*. per capita. 



Fiji derives its revenue mainly from customs, 

 which produced 45,300 in 1898, and a tax' on the 

 natives, which produced 1S.923. This tax is 

 paid in produce, which they deliver to the Gov- 

 ernment, to be sold on their account. The expend- 

 iture on salaries in 1898 was 37,946; for other 

 purposes, 49,648. 



Commerce and Production. The value of 

 the foreign trade of the several colonies for 1898 

 is given in the following table: 



Of the total imports into New South Wales in 

 1898, the Australasian colonies furnished the value 

 of 12,467,059, while of the exports 8,675,199 

 went to other colonies. The overland trade was 

 5,678,201 for imports and 4,121,784 for ex- 

 ports. The imports from the United Kingdom 

 were 7,744,418; from British possessions besides 

 Australasia, 864,420; from the United States, 

 1,602,954; from other countries, 1,774,709; ex- 

 ports to the United Kingdom, 7,734,880; to 

 other British possessions, 725,383 ; to the United 

 States, 5,951,287; to other countries, 4,561,368. 

 The total exports of home produce in 1898 were 

 17,727,067 in value; exports of foreign produce, 

 9,921,050. The quantity of wool exported was 

 280,948,406 pounds, valued at 9,457,535. The 

 export of tallow was 495,918 in value; coal, 

 962,668; hides and skins, 840,533; leather, 

 340,400; preserved and frozen meat, 721,457. 

 The export of gold coin was 6,529,060. The 

 value of the gold obtained from the mines of New 

 South Wales in 1898 was 1,244,330, and in 1899 

 it was 1,936,885. The value of silver produce! 

 in 1898 was 59,278; of silver lead ore and metal. 

 1,644,777; of copper, 272,686; of coal, 1,271,- 

 832. The tin mines from their opening in 1872 to 

 the end of 1898 produced the total value of 

 6,292,056. The production of sugar in 1899 was 

 282,206 tons; of wheat, 9,286,216 bushels; of 

 oranges, 7,839,216 dozen. On Dec. 31, 1898, the 

 colony possessed 41,241,004 sheep, 2,029,516 cattle, 

 491,553 horses, and 247,061 hogs. The duty on 

 imports in New South Wales averages 5.15 per 

 cent., taking free and dutiable goods together. In 

 Victoria there is a protective tariff, and the duties 

 collected amount to 12 per cent, of the total value 

 of the imports. Wool, skins, and tallow, largo 

 quantities of which are imported from other coun- 

 tries to be re-exported or manufactured, are free 

 of duty. The value of wool imported into Vic- 

 toria in 1898 was 1,808,492; of hides and skins, 

 262,638; of cotton goods, 1.140.393; of woolen 

 goods, 602,255; of sugar and molasses, 665,- 

 014; of live stock, 732,001; of iron and steel. 

 644,890; of timber, 344.024; of coal, 257.688; 

 of silks, 345,633; of tea, 300,940; of oils. 

 239,593; of all other goods, 9,425,343. The 

 exports of gold coin and bullion from Victoria 

 in 1898 were 5,947,195; of wool, 131,850,560 

 pounds, valued at 4,036,968; of live stock. 

 255,664; of leather and harness, 318,868; of 

 cereals and flour, 638,047; re-export of tea, 

 160,873; exports of sugar and molasses, 150,- 

 431: of clothing, 136,776: of tallow, 9-1.508; 

 of hides and skins, 373,054; of butter, 730,323; 



