238 



FRANCE. 



tolitres; of grass and hay on 5,612,858 hectares, in- 

 cluding permanent pasture, 284,092,995 quintals; 

 of oats on 3,887,505 hectares, 98,064,158 hecto- 

 litres; of wine from 1,648,493 hectares of vine- 

 yards, 31,730,992 hectolitres; of rye on 1,474,915 

 hectares, 23,524,318 hectolitres; of potatoes on 

 1,542,967 hectares, 118,321,602 quintals; of clover 

 on 1,134,615 hectares, 44,306,732 quintals; of bar- 

 ley on 814,463 hectares, 16,519,611 hectolitres; of 

 buckwheat on 569,783 hectares, 7,566,143 hecto- 

 litres; of Indian corn on 561,689 hectares, 8,280,025 

 hectolitres; of turnips and beets oh 436,120 hec- 

 tares, 104,633,354 quintals; of beet-root sugar from 

 262,251 hectares, 65,935,449 quintals; of mixed 

 grain on 236,960 hectares, 4,225,674 hectolitres ; of 

 colza on 50,279 hectares, 933,140 quintals; of flax 

 from 19.271 life-tares, 113,969 quintals of fiber and 

 90,696 quintals of seed ; of hemp from 29,250 acres, 

 206,189 quintals of fiber and 88,104 quintals of 

 seed; of tobacco from 16,892 hectares, 202,951 

 quintals. The nuts, apples, plums, and mulberry 

 leaves produced in 1898 were valued at 201,191,033 

 francs, oranges and lemons at 1,868,715 francs. 

 The number of domestic animals on Dec. 31, 1898, 

 was 2,894,379 horses, 208,227 mules, 361,728 don- 

 keys, 13,418,687 cattle, 21,277,582 sheep, 6,230,966 

 hogs and 1,501,658 goats. The production of 

 cocoons in 1898 was 6,893,033 kilogrammes; of raw 

 silk, 3,934,329 kilogrammes, value 90,332,550 francs. 

 The value of mining products in 1897 was 377,- 

 825,285 francs. The production of coal and lignite 

 was 30,797,900 tons; of iron ore, 4,582,000 tons; 

 of pig iron, 2,484,200 tons; of manufactured iron, 

 784,000 tons; of steel, 1,325,213 tons; of silver and 

 lead ore, 21,212 tons; of zinc ore, 83,044 tons; of 

 manganese ore, 37,212 tons; of salt, 948,003 tons; 

 of antimony ore, 4,685 tons. The imports of w r ool- 

 en yarn in' 1898 were 10,000,000 francs in value, 

 and exports 29,500,000 francs; imports of woolen 

 cloth were 38,300,000 francs, and exports 222,- 

 800,000 francs; imports of silk manufactures 50,- 

 900,000 francs, and exports 250,600,000 francs. 

 Besides 31,730,000 hectolitres of wine produced in 

 1898 6,555,000 hectolitres were imported, while the 

 total export was only 1,381,000 hectolitres. The 

 cider product was 10,637,000 hectolitres. The pro- 

 duction of alcohol was 2,412,460 hectolitres. The 

 quantity of codfish and cod-liver oil landed in 

 1898 was 547,421 metric quintals; of herring, 

 422,992 quintals. 



The general commerce in 1898 amounted to 

 5,582,600,000 francs for imports and 4,673,500,000 

 francs for exports. The value of the special im- 

 ports in 1898 was 4,472,500,000 francs, and in 1899 

 it was 4,217,000,000 francs, of which 1,020,000,000 

 francs were food substances, 2,506,000,000 francs 

 raw materials, and 691,000,000 francs manufac- 

 tured goods, against 1,506,000,000 francs for food, 

 2.348.000,000 francs for raw products, and 618,- 

 000,000 francs for manufactures in 1898. The 

 special exports, or exports of French products and 

 manufactures, in 1898 was 3,510,000.000 francs, 

 consisting of 663,000,000 francs' worth of food 

 products, 932,000,000 francs' worth of raw mate- 

 rials, and 1,916,000,000 francs' worth of manufac- 

 tured goods, and in 1899 the total value was 

 3,899,000,000 francs, of which 681,000,000 francs 

 represent food substances. 1.084,000,000 francs raw 

 materials, and 2,134,000,000 francs manufactured 

 goods. The imports of cereals in 1898 were valued 

 at 632,000,000 francs; raw wool, 387.100,000 francs; 

 wine, 309,900,000 francs; raw silk, 233,900,000 

 francs; coal, 207,200,000 francs; raw cotton, 166,- 

 200,000 francs; timber and wood, 147,300,000 

 francs; oil seeds. 137.800,000 francs; hides and fur 

 skins, 129,700,000 francs; coffee, 107,200,000 francs; 

 ores, 70,800,000 francs; flax, 52,000,000 francs; silk 



manufactures, 50,900,000 francs; cattle, 40,800,000 

 francs; woolen manufactures, 38,300,000 francs; 

 cotton manufactures, 37,600,000 francs; sugar, 

 29,900,000 francs. The exports of silk goods of 

 French manufacture in 1898 were valued at 250, 

 600,000 francs; woolen manufactures, 222,800,000 

 francs; wine, 218,300,000 francs; raw wool and 

 woolen yarn, 185,700,000 francs; fancy goods, 140,- 

 400,000 francs; cotton manufactures, 128,700,000 

 francs; raw silk and yarn, 118,900,000 francs; 

 leather, 109,200,000 francs ; lingerie and confec- 

 tions, 91,800,000 francs; skins and furs, 87,400,000 

 francs ; cheese and butter, 80,900,000 francs ; metal 

 goods and tools, 79,100,000 francs; chemical prod- 

 ucts, 75,300,000 francs; leather wares, 73,900,000 

 francs; liquors, 48,000,000 francs; refined sugar, 

 38,000,000 francs. 



The values in francs of the special imports from 

 the principal countries in 1898 and 1899 are given 

 in the following table: 



The values of the exports to the principal for- 

 eign countries were in francs as follow: 



Of the total value of imports in 1898 the value 

 that came by land was 1,540,000,000 francs, and 

 by sea 4,042,000,000 francs, of which 1,579,000,000 

 francs came in French ships and 2,463,000,000 francs 

 in foreign ships. Of the exports 1,607,000,000 frnm-- 

 went by land carriages and 3,066,000,000 francs in 

 ships, of w 7 hich 1,596,000,000 francs were borne in 

 French and 1,470,000,000 francs in foreign ships. 

 The transit trade in 1898 amounted to 790,000,000 

 francs. The share of the principal ports in the 

 total general import and export trade in 1898 was 

 as follows: Marseilles, 1,951,000,000 francs; Havre, 

 1,693,000,000 francs: Paris, 733,000,000 francs; 

 Bordeaux, 676,000.000 francs: Dunkerque. <><>3,- 

 000,000 francs; Boulogne, 473,000,000 francs; 

 Rouen, 267,000,000 francs; Dieppe, 254,000.000 

 francs; Calais, 243.000,000 francs; T<>iin-<>in-. 

 194,000,000 francs; Cette, 164,000.000 francs. The 

 imports of gold coin and bullion in '1S9S were 

 199.407.834 francs, and exports 313,207,577 francs; 

 imports of silver coin and bullion 191.372..V20 

 francs, and exports 188,591,251 francs: total specie 

 imports, 390,780,354 francs ; total exports of specie, 

 501,798,828 francs. 



Navigation. The total number of vessels en- 

 tered at French ports in 1898 was 103.059, of 

 23,857,951 tons, of which 82,094, of 11.907.-_ ) <iS tons. 

 were French and 20.9<ir>. of 1 1.950.0S:: tons, were 

 foreign; the total number cleared was lo:!.s7<i, of 

 24,297,315 tons, and of these 82,585, of 12,220,972 

 tons, were French and 21,291, of 12,076,343 tons, 



