270 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



United States, 33,727 to British North America, 

 and 12,289 to Australasia. Of the total for 1898 

 of 205,171 emigrants, 119,739 were males and 

 S5,432 females. The number of British and Irish 

 emigrants in 1899 was 146,772, an increase of 

 (5.133 over the preceding year. Of the total, 87.703 

 were English, a decrease of 2,970; 16,152 were 

 Scotch, an increase of 582; and 42,922 were Irish, 

 an increase of 8,527. The number of immigrants, 

 natives and foreigners, in 1898, was 139,346, re- 

 ducing the total net emigration .to 65,825; the 

 immigrants of British and Irish origin numbered 

 91.248, reducing the emigration of the native popu- 

 lation to 49.396. The number of Irish who emi- 

 grated from Ireland in 1898 was 32,241, making 

 a total of 3,754,899 since 1851. The total emi- 

 gration of natives of Great Britain and Ireland 

 from 1815 to 1898 was 14,920,263. From 1853 to 

 1898 the emigration of the native population was 

 s.549.569, of whom 5,690,172 settled in the United 

 Siates, 885,739 in British North America, 1,410,068 

 in Australia and New Zealand, and 563,590 in 

 other countries. The number of elementary day 

 schools in England and Wales, both voluntary 

 and board schools, was 19,937, with 5,576,866 

 children registered and 4,554,165 in average at- 

 tendance. There were 5,595 board schools, with 

 an average attendance of 2,087,519 pupils; 11,815 

 National Society schools, with 1,883,263 pupils; 

 4.">7 Wesleyan schools, with 124,971 pupils; 1,033 

 Human Catholic schools, with 246,128 pupils; and 

 1.122 British, undenominational, and other schools, 

 with 230,355 pupils. The total number of cer- 

 tificated teachers was 59,874; assistant teachers, 

 26.736; pupil teachers, 31,038; additional women 

 teachers, 15,136. The number of training colleges 

 was 44, with 3,700 resident students and 14 for 

 day attendance, with 1,050 students. The number 

 of secondary schools in England and Wales in 1897 

 was 6,209, with 291,544 pupils, about 25 per cent, 

 of them in boarding schools. In Scotland there 

 were 3,067 elementary schools inspected in 1898, 

 with 717,747 children on the registers and 605,776 

 in average attendance. The total number of 

 schools was 3,113, of which 2,757 were public 

 schools, with an average attendance of 535,636. 

 The number of training colleges in 1899 was 8, 

 with 1,055 students. The number of elementary 

 schools reported in Ireland in 1898 was 8,651, with 

 808.467 children on the rolls and 518,799 in average 

 attendance. There were 8,604 schools altogether, 

 of which 3,925 were Roman Catholic and 1,401 

 1'rotestant, and 3,278 mixed Roman Catholic and 

 Protestant. The elementary schools of the United 

 Kingdom are supported by school fees, local rates, 

 voluntary subscriptions, income from endowments, 

 and parliamentary grants. The- parliamentary 

 grants in England in 1899 amounted to 8,021,391 

 and in Scotland to 1,177,727, besides 599,464 

 for various British schools; in Ireland grants and 

 rates together were 1,321,777. The universities 

 and colleges of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 

 1898, numbering 69 colleges altogether, had 1,670 

 instructors and 25,891 students. The University 

 of Oxford, consisting of 23 colleges, had 95 teachers 

 and 3,446 students; Cambridge University, with 

 19 colleges, 116 teachers, and 3,016 students; Dur- 

 ham University, a single college, 20 teachers and 

 170 students; the University of Edinburgh, 103 

 teachers and 2,848 students; the University of 

 Glasgow, 102 teachers and 2,010 students; the 

 University of Aberdeen, 58 teachers and 765 

 students; the University of St. Andrews, 59 teach- 

 ers and 261 students; Dublin University. 54 teach- 

 ers and 1,100 students; University College, Lon- 

 don, 73 teachers and 1,100 students; King's 

 College, London, 136 teachers and 1,465 students; 



Queen's College, Belfast, 26 teachers and 311 

 students; Queen's College, Cork, 23 teachers and 

 188 students; Queen's College, Galway, 23 teachers 

 and 91 students. Other colleges are at Aberyst- 

 with, Bangor, Manchester, Newcastle, Nottingham. 

 Sheffield, Birmingham, Leeds, Bristol, CarditT, 

 Lampeter, and Liverpool. 



Finances. The revenue for the year ending 

 March 31, 1899, was estimated in the budget at 

 107,110,000, and the expenditure, including sup- 

 plementary estimates, at 108.815,036. The actual 

 receipts were 108,336,193, and the actual expendi- 

 tures 108,150,236, leaving a surplus of 185,957. 

 Taxation by customs, excise, and estate duties, 

 stamps, the land tax, the house duty, and the 

 income and property tax produced 90,485,553, 

 while the nontax revenue, derived from the postal 

 and telegraph services, Crown lands, interest on 

 Suez Canal shares, and miscellaneous sources, was 

 19,114,980, making the total net receipts 109,- 

 600,532. The net revenue from customs was 

 21,558,227, of which 10,993,727 were collected 

 on tobacco imports, 4,023,504 on tea, 2,124,728 

 on rum, 1,350,006 on brandy, 761,426 on other 

 spirits, 1,399,099 on wine, 173,590 on coffee, 

 196,989 on raisins, 120,695 on dried currants, 

 and 414,463 on other articles. The net excise 

 receipts were 29,310,939, namely. 17,109.274 

 from spirits, 11,638,201 from beer,' 246,915 from 

 license duties, 308,975 from railroads, and 7,574 

 from other sources. From dentil duties, etc., the 

 net receipts were 11,486,818 in amount, 7,719,- 

 943 coming from the estate duty, 43,508 from 

 the temporary estate duty on property of persons 

 dying before Aug. 2, 1894, 57,617 from the pro- 

 bate duty on similar property, 2,873,091 from 

 the legacy duty, 751,227 from the succession 

 duty, and 41,432 from the corporation duty. 

 The yield of the land tax was 805,460 net; of 

 the house duty, 1,576,878. Stamps produced a 

 net revenue of 7,704,920, of which 4,182,377 

 came from deeds, 1,381,835 from receipts, 667,- 

 311 from bills of exchange, 266,404 from patent 

 medicines, 169,277 from licenses, etc., 320,492 

 from the duty on companies' capital, 230,718 

 from insurance, 180,789 from bonds to bearer, 

 and 305,717 from other sources. The income 

 and property tax collected amounted to 18,- 

 042,311. Of the nontax sources of revenue the 

 post office yielded 12,841,399, the telegraph serv- 

 ice 3,204,396, Crown lands 449,735, interest 

 on Suez Canal shares purchased from the Khedive 

 713,554, and the mint, the Bank of England, 

 fee stamps, etc., 1,905,896. The national expendi- 

 ture is divided into the consolidated fund charges, 

 amounting for the year ending March 31, 1899, 

 to 27,044,236; the "army and navy supply serv- 

 ices, amounting to 44,068,000; and the civil and 

 miscellaneous services, amounting to 37,038,000, 

 including the expense of collecting the revenue. 

 Of the consolidated fund charges 25,000,000 were 

 for the national debt, 408,773 for the civil list, 

 281,568 for annuities and pensions, 79,114 for 

 salaries, 517,069 for courts of justice, 452.3S2 

 for payments to local taxation accounts, and 

 305,330 for miscellaneous payments. The cost 

 of the army was 20.000.000, including 300 for 

 ordnance factories; cost of the navy, 22,025,000; 

 civil services, 22,025,000; customs and inland 

 revenue expenses, 2,816,000; post office cxpt'ii-^'-. 

 8,030,000; expense of telegraph service, 3,- 

 347,000; packet service, 820,000; total supply 

 services, 81,106,000. 



Parliament summoned to a special session in 

 October, 1899, authorized the issue of 10,000,000 

 of treasury bills toward the expenses of the war 

 in South Africa. Before the close of the financial 



