272 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



eluding 1,086,000 of interest on war debt. Of 

 this amount 43,863,000 were provided for by 

 loans and 25,460,000 by revenue, including the 

 surplus of 9,335,000 in the revenue over ordi- 

 nary expenditure in 1900, and the amount of 

 revenue available in 1901 to meet war charges 

 was estimated at 16,125,000. When a vote of 

 11,500,000 was obtained toward the end of July, 

 including 3,000,000 for operations in China, the 

 war in Africa was officially declared by Lord 

 Roberts to be practically ended, and in this sup- 

 plementary was included a sum for bringing home 

 13.") .000 of the 1S9.500 imperial troops, leaving 

 44,500, of whom 30,000 were to form the permanent 

 garrison. The rest were expected to make South 

 Africa their future home. The total sum voted for 

 the war up to that time was 61.022,700. The 

 total number of troops then in South Africa was 

 223.500. 



The Army. The strength of the regular army 

 of the United Kingdom provided for in the esti- 

 mates for 1900 is 8,288 commissioned officers, 1,120 

 warrant officers, 17,355 sergeants, 3,952 drummers, 

 trumpeters, etc., and 154,138 rank and file; total, 

 184,853 men, an increase of 4,340 over 1899. The 

 general staff numbered 351 officers, with 136 non- 

 commissioned officers and privates; army account- 

 ants, 209 ; chaplains, 86 ; medical department, 97 ; 

 veterinary department, 68, with 3 assistants; 

 total staff and departments, 811 officers, 133 non- 

 commissioned officers, and 7 men. The total 

 authorized strength of the regiments was 6,670 

 officers, 15,681 noncommissioned officers and mu- 

 sicians, and 153.958 rank and file. The cavalry, 

 including the Life Guards and Horse Guards, 

 numbered 551 officers, 1,334 noncommissioned offi- 

 cers, etc., and 12,348 privates: the Royal Artillery, 

 1,142 officers, 2,569 noncommissioned officers, etc., 

 and 26,474 privates; the Royal Engineers, 618 offi- 

 cers, 1,357 noncommissioned officers, etc., and 5,944 

 privates; the infantry, 3,042 officers, 7,408 non- 

 commissioned officers, etc., and 92,905 privates; 

 colonial corps, 280 officers, 647 noncommissioned 

 officers, etc., and 9,007 privates; departmental 

 corps, 753 officers, 1,464 noncommissioned officers, 

 etc., and 3,309 privates; army service corps, 284 

 officers, 902 noncommissioned officers, etc., and 

 3,698 privates. On the staff of the auxiliary forces 

 were 598 officers, 6,077 noncommissioned officers, 

 and 22 men; in he military academies at Wool- 

 wich and Sandhurst, other colleges and schools, 

 engaged in gunnery and musketry instruction, in 

 the regimental schools, and in miscellaneous estab- 

 lishments were 209 officers, 536 noncommissioned 

 officers, and 151 privates. The number of horses 

 provided for was 18,701. The troops maintained 

 in the United Kingdom in 1899 were 11,676 cav- 

 alry, 17,572 artillery, 5,351 engineers, and 72,087 

 infantry and special corps, making a total of 

 106,686 of all ranks, of whom 79,057 were sta- 

 tioned in England, 3,942 in Scotland, and 23,687 

 in Ireland. The number stationed in Egypt in 

 January, 1899, was 4,257; in the colonies, 44,605; 

 in India, 74,466; and in Crete, 1,837: total abroad, 

 125,165, with 15,389 horses; total at home and 

 abroad, 231,851, with 29,281 horses. Including 

 the auxiliary forces and the regular forces on In- 

 dian establishment, the total established strength 

 of the British military forces in 1900 was 752.490 

 men of all ranks, consisting of 176,309 regular 

 troops at home and in the colonies. 73,157 in India, 

 90,000 army reserves, 136.300 militia, 11,891 yeo- 

 manry, and 264,833 volunteers. The effective 

 strength of the regular troops in home and colonial 

 service was 157,863; in India, 74,467; army re- 

 serve, 78,839; militia. 116,582; yeomanry. 10,207; 

 volunteers, 231,624; total effectives, 669,582. 



The original estimate for the year ending March 

 31, 1900, provided for 184,853 men of all ranks 

 on the British establishment. In consequence of 

 the war in South Africa the whole of the army 

 reserve was called out, discharges and transfers 

 to the reserve were suspended, a number of troops 

 were temporarily transferred from the Indian to 

 the British establishment, and various colonial and 

 other forces were raised for service in South Africa 

 and the augmentation of the army at home. The 

 supplementary estimate of Oct. 17, 1899, provided 

 for 35,000 men, and the supplementary estimate 

 presented on Feb. 9, 1900, for 120,000 more, making 

 the total number 339,853 officers and men. On 

 Jan. 1, 1900, the number of men of all ranks serv- 

 ing with the colors at home and abroad was 301,- 

 544, compared with 232,330 on Jan. 1, 1899. the 

 Household cavalry having been increased from 

 1,298 to 1,327, the cavalry of the line from 12,10!) 

 to 18,890, the horse and field artillery from 10, 19(5 

 to 18,803, the mounted and garrison artillery from 

 15,722 to 18,119, the Royal Engineers from 7,637 

 to 10,210, the foot guards from 7.249 to 12,008. 

 the infantry from 87,095 to 133,743, the colonial 

 corps from 7,242 to 8,778, and the army service 

 corps from 9,266 to 13,085, making a total at home 

 and in the colonies 234,963, against 157,863 at the 

 beginning of 1899, while the British army in India 

 was reduced in number from 74,467 to 66,581. 

 The decrease of the Indian army was due to the 

 fact that 4 cavalry regiments, 2 batteries of horse 

 and 3 of field artillery, 4 infantry battalions, and 3 

 companies of mounted infantry had been with- 

 drawn for the war in Africa. These numbers do 

 not include the militia, about 100.000 men, all 

 of whom had been or were to be embodied, or 

 imperial yeomanry, about 100,000 men, or the en- 

 listed British volunteers, numbering about 9.000 

 exclusive of the waiting companies, or the large 

 force of colonial volunteer troops, estimated at 

 35,000 men. The estimates for the year ending 

 March 31, 1901, provided for 430,000 men in the 

 British army. Pay and subsistence had to be 

 provided for as many as 500,000 troops, and the 

 estimates reached the unprecedented total of 

 61,499,400. This was based on the assumption 

 that the full field force would have to be main- 

 tained in South Africa only till Sept. 30, 1900. 

 and would then be cut down to a garrison of 

 about 30,000 men. A regiment of Irish guards 

 was raised after the Queen's visit to Ireland in 

 the summer of 1900. A permanent addition has 

 been made to the army of 7 batteries of horse 

 artillery and 36 batteries of field artillery, so as 

 to provide the artillery for 2 more army corps; 

 also of 3 howitzer batteries for each of the 12 army 

 corps. In time of -peace the new horse and field 

 batteries are to be retained on a reduced establish- 

 ment. The formation of new depots for the field 

 artillery enables reservists of that arm to rejoin 

 and be equipped like infantry reservists. Ad- 

 ditions of 2,038 men of all ranks were made to the 

 Royal Engineers. This makes the number of bat- 

 talions at home equal to the number stationed 

 abroad, and to meet the need for an increased 

 force to be maintained abroad 12 new line bat- 

 talions will be raised and attached as third and 

 fourth battalions to existing regiments. An en- 

 deavor has Been made to add to the number of 

 men engaged for three years' service with the 

 colors in the battalions serving at home. An ad- 

 dition of 29 companies, numbering 2.220 men of 

 all ranks, has been made to the army service corps. 

 one of 8 companies, numbering 4.~>0 men of all 

 ranks, to the ordnance corps, and one of 260 men 

 of all ranks to the medical corps. Regimental 

 transport has been provided for the militia, yeo- 



