MARYLAND. 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



349 



of the northwest corner of Maryland, when their 

 Indian guides left them, and they abandoned the 

 work, which was completed many years after- 

 ward by other surveyors. Mason and Dixon did 

 their work with the utmost care. Through the 

 forests they cut a " vista " 8 feet wide, and set 

 up a stone at the end of each mile. Every fifth 

 stone was larger than the others, and had on the 

 north side the arms of Thomas and Richard Penn, 

 and on the south face the arms of Frederick, 

 Lord Baltimore. The intermediate stones have 

 the letter " P " on the northern and " M " on the 

 southern surface. These stones were hauled as 

 far as Fort Frederick, in Washington County, 

 and it was found impossible to carry them farther 

 through the mountains. The removal of many of 

 the historic landmarks left the boundary line be- 

 tween Maryland and Pennsylvania in doubt in 

 places; and it is to remedy this, as well as to 

 perpetuate the historic line, that provision was 

 made for the resurvey. 



Legislative Session. The regular biennial 

 session of the Legislature began on Jan. 3, and 

 continued until April 2. As elected, the Senate 

 consisted of 15 Democrats and 11 Republicans, 

 and the House of Delegates 65 Democrats and 

 26 Republicans. The Senate chose as its Presi- 

 dent John Hubner, Democrat, in preference to 

 Stephenson A. Williams, Republican, while Lloyd 

 Wilkinson, Democrat, was named Speaker of the 

 House in preference to James De B. Walbach, Re- 

 publican. There' were 1,421 bills presented be- 

 fore the Legislature, of which 790 were passed by 

 both houses. Among the more important meas- 

 ires that were enacted are the following: 



Organizing the Board of Police Commissioners 

 )f Baltimore by taking the election of com- 

 lissioners out of the Legislature, legislating 

 the present board out of office, and giving the 

 Governor the appointment of the board. The 

 erm of office is two years, and one of the three 

 icmbers must belong to the minority party. 



Creating a Board of Police Examiners, consist- 

 ing of 3 members, to be appointed by the Governor, 

 with a salary of $800 each, and with authority to 

 appoint a clerk at $1,200. This board is to ex- 

 iinine applicants for places on the force, and all 

 appointments to the force except marshal and 

 chief of detectives are to be made from lists fur- 

 nished by the Board of Examiners. 



Increasing the present force by 80 policemen, 10 

 detectives, and 1 lieutenant of mounted police. 

 This bill will increase the cost of the police de- 

 partment more than $75,000 a year. 



Authorizing an increase in the number of di- 

 rectors of the United Railways Company of 

 Baltimore. It has a clause protecting the rights 

 of the city, and requiring the principal office to be 

 in Baltimore. 



Repealing the clause of the new charter which 

 luthorizes the street car companies to charge 3 

 cents for transfers, and re-enacting it so as to 

 require free transfers to be given under certain 

 restrictions. 



Appropriating $3,000 annually, and empower- 

 ing the Governor to employ an expert to examine 

 the books of officials who have to account with 

 the State treasury, and also those of institutions 

 receiving State aid. This is the so-scalled State 

 Auditor bill. 



Reducing the price of gas in Baltimore from 

 $1.25 to $1.10 for 1,000 feet. 



Reorganizing the boards of county school com- 

 missioners, and requiring new boards to be ap- 

 pointed by the Governor. 



Requiring employers to give employees time to 



Creating a board of charities to hear all ap- 

 plications for State aid by charitable and edu- 

 cational institutions. 



Amending the charter of Baltimore, by au- 

 thorizing the Mayor and Council to abolish the 

 Water Registrar's office, and in several other par- 

 ticulars. 



Giving the city three fourths of the money 

 received for the liquor licenses paid by the clubs in 

 the city. 



Taxing spirits in bond. This is to meet the de- 

 cision of the Court of Appeals declaring a former 

 law invalid. 



Two constitutional amendments which, if ap- 

 proved by the people, will give the city of Balti- 

 more another legislative district, one additional 

 Senator, and six delegates. 



Creating the office of State Superintendent of 

 Education, with a salary of $3,000 and expenses. 



Political. In the election in November the 

 vote for the presidential electors was as follows: 

 Republican, 136,212; Democrat, 122,271; Prohibi- 

 tion, 4,582; Social Democrat, 908. Out of a total 

 vote of 264,511, the Republican candidates re- 

 ceived a plurality of 13,941. Six representatives 

 for Congress were voted for with the following 

 results: First District, William H. Jackson, Re- 

 publican, who received 19,714 votes, against John 

 P. Moore, Democrat, who received 18,173; Second 

 District, A. A. Blackeney, Republican, 27,710, as 

 against J. F. C. Talbott, Democrat, 27,420; Third 

 District, Frank C. Wachter, Republican, 21,641, 

 as against Robert F. Leach, Jr., Democrat, 19,- 

 570; Fourth District, Charles R. Schirm, Repub- 

 lican, 21,932, as against J. W. Denny, Democrat, 

 20,149; Fifth District, S. E. Mudd, Republican, 

 20,866, as against B. H. Camalier, Democrat, 17,- 

 305; and Sixth District, George A. Pearre, Re- 

 publican, 23,541, as against Charles A. Little, 

 Democrat, 20,161. 



MASSACHUSETTS, a New England State, 

 one of the original thirteen; ratified the Consti- 

 tution Feb. 6, 1788; area, 8,315 square miles. The 

 population, according to each decennial census, 

 was 378,787 in 1790; 422,845 in 1800; 472,040 in 

 1810; 523,159 in 1820; 610,408 in 1830; 737,699 in 

 1840; 994,514 in 1850; 1,231,066 in 1860; 1,457,351 

 in 1870; 1,783,085 in 1880; 2,238,943 in 1890; and 

 2,805,346 in 1900. Capital, Boston. 



Government. The State officers during the 

 year were: Governor, William Murray Crane; 

 Lieutenant Governor, John L. Bates; Secretary of 

 State, William M. Olin ; Treasurer, E. S. Bradford ; 

 Auditor, John W. Kimball; Attorney-General, 

 H. M. Knowlton; Secretary of the Board of Edu- 

 cation, Frank A. Hill ; Secretary of the Board of 

 Agriculture, James W. Stockwell ; Insurance Com- 

 missioner, F. L. Cutting all Republicans; Chief 

 Justice of the Supreme Court, Oliver Wendell 

 Holmes; Associate Justices, Marcus P. Knowlton, 

 James M. Morton, John Lathrop, James M. Barker, 

 John W. Hammond, and William C. Loring. 



Population. The population of the State, ac- 

 cording to the Federal census of 1900, is 2,805,346 

 a gain in ten years of about 25 per cent. Of the 

 14 counties, 12 show gain and 2 decrease. The 

 figures, by counties, for 1890 and 1900 are as 

 follow : 



