376 



MICHIGAN. 



The total value of imports in the year ending 

 June 30, 1899, was $50,869,394. The exports of 

 merchandise were valued at $63,296,540, and of 

 precious metals at $85,181,600; total, $148,478,- 

 140. The value of silver bullion exported was 

 $42,438,635; silver coin, $14,966,358; silver ore, 

 $9.854,854; gold, $7,921,764; coffee, $7,936,908; 

 henequen, $18,711,325; timber, $3,263,011; hides 

 and skins, $3,583,798; cattle, $4,723,500; tobacco, 

 $2,515,606; ixtle fibre, $865,966; zacaton root, 

 $1,055,669; vanilla, $1,283,057; beans, $821,136. 

 The trade was distributed among foreign coun- 

 tries in 1899 as shown in the following table: 



MICHIGAN, a Western State, admitted to the 

 Union Jan. 26, 1837; area, 58,915 square miles. 

 The population was 212,267 in 1840; 397,654 in 

 1850; 749,113 in 1860; 1,184,059 in 1870; 1,636,937 

 in 1880; 2,093,889 in 1890; and 2,420,982 in 1900. 

 Capital, Lansing. 



Government. The following were the State 

 officers in 1900: Governor, Hazen S. Pingree; 

 Lieutenant Governor, O. W. Robinson; Secretary 

 of State, Justus S. Stearns; Treasurer, George A. 

 Steel; Auditor, Roscoe D. Dix; Attorney-General, 

 Horace M. Oren; Superintendent of Instruction, 

 Jason E. Hammond; Insurance Commissioner, 

 Harry H. Stevens; Land Commissioner, W. A. 

 French; Labor Commissioner, Joseph L. Cox; 

 Food Commissioner, E. O. Grosvenor; Dairy In- 

 spector, L. H. Kirtland; Salt Inspector, J. B. Gas- 

 well; Adjutant General, F. H. Case; Railroad 

 Commissioner, C. S. Osborn; Bank Commissioner, 

 George L. Maltz ; Game Warden, Grant M. Morse ; 

 Analyst, 11. E. Doolittle; President Board of Cor- 

 rections and Charities, George D. Gillespie; Tax 

 < 'oiiimission, Milo D. Campbell, A. F. Freeman, 

 Robert Oakman; Forestry Commission, Arthur 

 Hill, C. W. Garfield, W. A. French ex officio; 

 Library Commission, D. D. Aitkin, T. P. Hall, 

 L Luce, C. H. Hackley; Chief Justice of the 

 Supreme Court, R. M. Montgomery; Associate 

 Justices, Frank A. Hooker, Joseph B. Moore, 

 Charles D. lx>ng, Claudius B. Grant; Clerk, C. C. 

 Hopkins. All were Republicans. 



The term of the State officers is two years. 

 They are elected in November of the even-num- 

 bered years. The Legislature, composed of 32 

 Senators and 100 Representatives, meets bien- 

 nially in January of the odd-numbered years. 



Population. The census returns for 1900 give 

 the population of the State 2,420,982, and of the 

 counties as follows: Alcona, 5,691; Alger, 5,868; 

 Allegan, 38,812; Alpena, 18,254; Antrim, 16,568; 

 Arenac, 9,821; Baraga, 4,320; Barry, 22,514; Bay, 

 (-2..-57H; Benzie, 9,685; Berrien, 49,165; Branch, 

 :i7.sll ; Callioun. 49.315; Cass, 20,876; Charlevoix, 

 i:5.!i.->6; Cheboygan, 15,516; Chippewa, 21,338; 

 Clare, 8,360; Clinton, 25,136; Crawford, 2,943; 

 Delta, 23,881; Dickinson, 17,890; Eaton, 31.66S; 

 Kniniet, 15,931; Genesee, 41,804; Glad win. <i,564; 

 (Jo-cbic, 16,733; Grand Traverse, 20,479; Gratiot, 

 J!i.>s!i : Hillsdale, 29,865; Hough ton. ii(i.033; 

 Huron, 34,162; Ingram, 39,818; Ionia, 34,329; 

 l..-<-o, 10,246; Iron, 8.990; Isabella, 22,784; Jack- 

 -"ii. 48,222; Kalama/oo. 4 -1.3 10; Kalkaska. 7,133; 

 Kent, 129.714; Keweenaw, 3,217; Lake, 4.!:>7 : l.a- 

 peer, 27,641; Leelenaw, 10,556; Lenawee, 48,406; 



Livingston, 19,664; Luce, 2,983; Mackinac, 7,703; 

 Macomb, 33,244; Manistee, 27,856; Marquette,. 

 41,219; Mason, 18,885; Mecosta, 20,693; Menomi- 

 nee, 27,046; Midland, 14,439; Missaukee, 9,308; 

 Monroe, 32,754; Montcalm, 32,754; Montmorency > 

 3,234; Muskegon, 37,036; Newaygo, 17,673: Oak- 

 land, 44,792; Oceana, 16,644; Ogernaw, 7,765; On- 

 tonagon, 6,197; Osceola, 17,859; Oscoda, 1,468; 

 Otsego, 6,175; Ottawa, 39,667; Presque Isle, 8,821; 

 Roscommon, 1,787: Saginaw, 81,222; St. Clair, 

 55,228 ; St. Joseph, 23,889 ; Sanilac, 35,055 ; School- 

 craft, 7,889; Shiawassee, 33,866; Tuscola, 35,890; 

 Van Buren, 33,274; Washtenaw, 47,761; Wayne, 

 348,793; Wexford, 16,845. 



The population of Detroit is 285,704; in 1890 it 

 was 205,876. It is thirteenth in size among the 

 cities of the country. Grand Rapids has 87,565 

 inhabitants; Saginaw, 42,745; Bay City, 27,628; 

 Kalamazoo, 24,400; Muskegon, 20,818; Port 

 Huron, 19,172; Battle Creek, 18,563; Lansing, 

 16,483; Ann Arbor, 14,509; Manistee, 14,260; 

 Ishpeming, 13,253; West Bay City, 13,119: Flint. 

 13,105; Menominee, 12,818; Alpena, 11,803; Sault 

 Ste. Marie, 10,533; Marquette, 10,058. There are 

 78 chartered cities and 305 incorporated villages. 



Finances. The total State tax for 1900 was 

 $2,908,680.60, less by $817,154.35 than that of 1899. 

 It was levied on a total assessed valuation of $1,- 

 105,100,000. Various purposes for which the tax is 

 levied are as follow: University, $276,27-"): Agri- 

 cultural College, $74,000; Normal College, $69,800; 

 Central Normal School, $25,000; Northern Normal 

 School, $7,500; College of Mines, $56,250; State 

 Library, $7,500; Soldiers' Home, $110,000; Home 

 for Feeble-minded, $78,000; State Public School, 

 $51,000; School for the Deaf, $117,850; School for 

 the Blind, $28,115; Asylum for Insane, $12.431: 

 State Prison, $35,000; Industrial School for Boys, 

 $62,750; Industrial Home for Girls, $45.647: Fish 

 Commission, $25,000; compiling Adjutant Gen- 

 eral's records, $3,000; Food Commissioner, $18,000; 

 Dairymen's Association, $300; Library Commis- 

 sioners, $800 ; military fund, $89,665.04 ; Naval Bri- 

 gade, $11,208.20; Board of Health, $450 ; Weather 

 Service, 1,000; war loan, 1898, $138,137.50; cur- 

 rent expense of prisons, $90,000; current expense 

 of asylums, $504,689.32; general purposes, $982.262. 



The item of $982,262 for general purposes in- 

 cludes all salaries and expenses of judicial officers, 

 salaries of State officers and department clerks, 

 expense of the Legislature, awards of the Board 

 of State Auditors, expenses of the Pardon Board, 

 cost of conveying persons to and from State insti- 

 tutions, cost of caring for juvenile offenders, ex- 

 penses of the Game Warden, expenses of the State 

 Live Stock Sanitary Commission, expenses of the 

 banking department, interest and fees collected for 

 counties and paid to them by the State, etc. 



The State Tax Commission increased the assc 

 ments in some localities, and many of the local 

 assessors in the upper peninsula anil oilier places- 

 attacked the authority of the board, declaring that 

 the general tax law specifically stated that the 

 taxes should be spread on the assessments lixed liy 

 the local boards of review, and nowhere authori/ed 

 the use of assessments made by the Slate commis- 

 sion. The city assessor of Isnpeming having re- 

 fused to use the figures of the commission, the 

 board applied for a mandamus to compel him to 

 do so. In his answer he attacked the constitu- 

 tionality of the law creating the commission, as 

 well as the validity of its order and subsequent 

 action in reviewing and certifying the roll, and 

 also the claim that the law requires the tax to 

 be spread on the valuations fixed by the commis- 

 -inii. The court granted the mandamus, which 

 virtually sustained the increase made by the board 



