436 



NINETEENTH CENTURY, IMPORTANT EVENTS OP THE. 



Dr. Horace Wells. This note does not profess 

 to decide the controversy.) 

 Dec. 28, Iowa was admitted as a State. 



1847. 



Jan. 14, a revolution broke out against American 

 authority in New Mexico. 



Feb. 8, the long-deferred Constitution was given 

 by Frederick William of Prussia to his subjects. 



Feb. 22, the battle of Buena Vista was fought. 



.March 29, the city of Vera Cruz surrendered to 

 the forces under Gen. Scott. 



May 1, the corner stone of the Smithsonian In- 

 stitution, Washington, was laid. 



May 15, Daniel O'Connell died. 



May 31, Dr. Thomas Chalmers, theologian, died. 



July 18, the United States frigate Macedonian 

 sailed from New York, freighted with bread- 

 stuffs for the starving poor of Ireland. 



Sept. 14, the United States army under Gen. Scott 

 entered the city of Mexico. 



Nov. 4, Felix Mendelssohn- Hartholdy died. 



1848. 



Jan. 18, James W. Marshall discovered gold in 

 California. 



Feb. 23, John Quincy Adams died. 



Feb. 23, Louis Philippe was dethroned by a revo- 

 lution in France. 



April 8, Gaetano Donizetti died. 



May 25, the Mexican Senate ratified the treaty 

 by which California and New Mexico were ceded 

 to the United States, while the United States 

 agreed to pay Mexico $54,500,000. 



May 29, Wisconsin was admitted as a State. 



June 27, the new Federal Constitution of Switzer- 

 land was adopted by popular vote. 



1849. 



March 3, the Interior Department of the United 



States Government was established. 

 June 15, James K. Polk died. 

 Aug. 17, a fire at Albany burned 600 buildings, 



besides steamboats; loss, $3,000,000. 

 Oct. 7, Edgar Allan Poe died. 

 Oct. 17, Frederic Frangois Chopin died. 

 Dec. 31, the Hudson River Railroad was opened 



as far as Poughkeepsie. 

 The Apache, Navajo, and Ute War occurred this 



year. 



1850. 



March 31, John Caldwell Calhoun died. 

 April 23, William Wordsworth died. 

 July 9, President Taylor died in the executive 



mansion. 



Aug. 20, Honor6 de Balzac died. 

 Sept. 6, the bill establishing the Texas boundary 



and providing a Territorial government for 



New Mexico passed the House of Representa- 

 tives. 

 Sept. 7, the bill organizing Utah as a Territory 



passed the House of Representatives. 

 Sopt. 9, California was admitted as a State. 

 Sept. 12, the fugitive slave law was passed by 



Congress. 

 Sept. 16, the bill to prohibit the slave trade in the 



District of Columbia passed the Senate. 

 Dec. 29, the English forces, in an engagement with 



Kaffirs, South Africa, were defeated. 



1851. 



Jan. 27, John James Audubon, the naturalist, died. 

 March 4, James Richardson, African traveler, died. 

 May 1, the first world's fair was opened in Hyde 



Park, London. 

 May 15, Herrera, ex-President of Mexico, died. 



June 2, the original Maine law (prohibiting the 



sale of liquor) was passed. 

 June 3, the oath of abjuration (Jew) bill passed 



the House of Commons. 

 July 10, M. Daguerre, discoverer of photography, 



died. 



Sept. 14, James Fenimore Cooper died. 

 Dec. 2, Louis Napoleon was made Emperor of the 



French, by a coup d'etat. 

 Dec. 19, Joseph Mallord William Turner died. 



1852. 



Jan. 8, Gen. Urqui/a completed the passage of the 

 Parana with 28,000 men, 50,000 horses, and 50 

 pieces of artillery, and prepared to approach 

 Buenos Ayres. 



Feb. 1, the Ohio Statehouse was destroyed by fire. 



March 20, Uncle Tom's Cabin was published. 



June 29, Henry Clay died. 



Sept. 14, the Duke of Wellington died. 



Oct. 24, Daniel Webster died. 



Nov. 26, at Stafford House, London, some English 

 ladies, headed by the Duchess of Sutherland, 

 adopted an address to the women of America 

 on the subject of negro slavery. It subsequently 

 received 576,000 signatures. 



Dec. 15, war between the Turks and the Montene- 

 grins broke out. 



Dec. 20, the province of Pegu, Burmah, was an 

 nexed to the British dominions. 



1853. 



Jan. 11, Russia, Austria, and Prussia acknowledged 

 Napoleon III as Emperor of France. 



Feb. 6, an insurrection, planned by Mazzini, broke 

 out in Milan. 



July 4, the first railroad in Norway was opened. 



July 14, a world's fair was opened in New York 

 city. 



Sept. 8, the First Chamber in Holland adopted 

 the law respecting religious liberty by a major- 

 ity of 22 to 16. 



Nov. 6, the first Chinese Presbyterian Church was 

 organized in San Francisco. 



1854. 



Jan. 2, the authorities of Glasgow opened the 

 Victoria Bridge. 



Jan. 9, the Astor Library was opened in New York. 



April 30, the first railroad was opened in Brazil. 



May 25, the Kansas-Nebraska bill was passed,' 

 which included the repeal of the Missouri com- 

 promise. 



Sept. 20, the battle of the Alma took place, the 

 first action of the Crimean War. 



Sept. 28, the United States sloop of war Albany, 

 Commander James T. Gerry, sailed from Aspin- 

 wall, and was lost 'with all hands. 



Oct. 25, the battle of Balaklava was fought. 



Nov. 5, the battle of Inkerman was fought. 



Dec. 2, a new treaty was concluded between Aus- 

 tria and the Western powers. 



1855. 



Jan. 28, a railroad was opened across the Isthmus 



from Aspinwall to Panama. 

 March 14, the new suspension bridge at Niagara 



Falls was crossed for the first time by a train 



of cars. 



March 31, Charlotte Bronte' died. 

 May 21, the ship canal around the Sault Ste. 



Marie was completed. 

 Sept. 17, the corner stone of the Public Libraiy, 



Boston, was laid. 

 Oct. 17, Henry Bessemer received the first patent 



for his process of producing steel. 



