442 



NINETEENTH CENTURY. 



NORTH CAROLINA. 



May 2, 3, there were serious bread riots in Italian 



cities. 



May 19, William Ewart Gladstone died. 

 June 1, the Trans-Mississippi Exposition was 



opened at Omaha. 

 July 1, the battles of San Juan Hill and El Caney, 



Cuba, were fought. 

 July 3, the Spanish fleet, trying to escape from 



Santiago, was destroyed by tjie American fleet. 

 July 18, the Spanish army in Cuba surrendered 



to the Americans. 

 July 30, Prince Bismarck died. 

 Aug. 13, the planet Eros was discovered. 

 Sept. 2, Gen. Kitchener won a victory over the 



dervishes at Omdurman. 



Sept. 10, the Empress of Austria was assassinated. 

 Sept. 20, Gen. Kitchener took possession of 



Fashoda. 



1899. 

 Jan. 1, the United States assumed sovereignty over 



Cuba. 

 Feb. 1 , the American flag was raised on the island 



of Guam, in the Ladrones. 



Feb. 4, the Tagalog tribe, in the Philippines, be- 

 gan war against the United States authorities. 

 Feb. 10, the President signed the treaty of peace 



with Spain. 



Feb. 16, President Faure of France died. 

 Feb. 18, Emile Loubet was elected President of 



France. 

 March 28, messages were exchanged across the 



English Channel by wireless telegraphy. 

 April 1, the allied English and American troops 



fought Mataafa's army in the Samoan Islands. 

 May 18, the Universal Peace Conference assem- 

 bled at The Hague. 

 Sept. 10, the Transvaal Government demanded as 



an ultimatum the withdrawal of British troops 



from their threatening position on the border. 



This was virtually the beginning of the South 



African War. 

 Sept. 11. the Orange Free State burghers invaded 



Natal. 

 Oct. 16, the Dismal Swamp Canal was opened. 



1900. 

 Jan. 16, the United States Senate ratified the 



Samoan treaty. 

 Jan. 20, John Ruskin died. 

 Feb. 27, the Boers under Gen. Cronje surrendered 



to Lord Roberts. 



Feb. 28, the siege of Ladysmith was raised. 

 March 13, British troops entered Bloemfontein, 



the capital of the Orange Free State. 

 Murch 14, President McKinley signed the gold 



standard bill. 



March 27, Gen. Joubert died. 

 April 14, a world's fair was opened in Paris. 

 April 26, Hull and a portion of Ottawa, Canada, 



were burned and 12,000 persons were rendered 



homeless. The loss was estimated at $15,000,000. 

 June 5, British troops entered Pretoria, the capital 



of the South African Republic. 

 June 17, the allies captured the Taku forts in 



China. 

 June 19, the Chinese" began their attacks on the 



legations in Pekin. 

 June 30, a fire on the wharves of Hoboken, N. J., 



destroyed several hundred lives and shipping 



and other property to the amount of about 



$10,000,000. 



July 14, the allies captured Tientsin, China. 

 July 30, King Humbert of Italy was assassinated. 

 Sept. 1, Lord Roberts proclaimed the annexation 



of the Transvaal Republic to the British Empire. 

 Sept. 6, the Duke of Abruzzi's polar expedition re- 



ported that it had visited the highest northern 



latitude ever reached 86 33'. 

 Sept. 8, Galveston, Texas, was struck by a tornado, 



which destroyed about 7,000 lives and about 



$30,000,000 worth of property. 

 Oct. 22, John Sherman died. 

 Nov. 5, a convention to frame a constitution for 



Cuba began its sessions in Havana. 



NORTH CAROLINA, a Southern State, one 

 of the original thirteen, ratified the Constitution 

 Nov. 21, 1789; area, 52,250 square miles. The 

 population, according to each decennial census, 

 was 393,751 in 1790; 478,103 in 1800; 555,500 in 

 1810; 638,829 in 1820; 737,987 in 1830; 753,419 in 

 1840; 869,039 in 1850; 992,622 in 1860; 1,071,361 

 in 1870; 1,399,750 in 1880; 1,617,947 in 1890; and 

 1,893,810 in 1900. Capital. Raleigh. 



Government. The following were the State 

 officers during the year: Governor, Daniel L. 

 Russell, Republican; Lieutenant Governor. C. A. 

 Reynolds, Republican; Secretary of State, Cyrus 

 Thompson, Populist; Treasurer, W. H. Worth, 

 Populist; Auditor, H. W 7 . Ayer, Populist: Attor- 

 ney-General, Z. V. Walser, Republican; Adjutant 

 General, B. S. Royster, Democrat; Superintendent 

 of Instruction, C. H. Mebane, Populist; Commis- 

 sioner of Agriculture, John R. Smith, Republican; 

 Insurance Commissioner, James R. Young, Demo- 

 crat; Labor Commissioner, J. V. Hamrick, Popu- 

 list; Railroad Commissioners, R. B. Royster, L. C. 

 Caldwell, J. H. Pearson, and D. H. Abbott; Chief 

 Justice of the Supreme Court, William T. Fair- 

 cloth, Republican ; Associate Justices, R. M. Doug- 

 las, Republican; Walter Clark, Democrat; D. M. 

 Furches, Republican; W. A. Montgomery, Demo- 

 crat; Clerk, Thomas S. Kenan, Democrat. 



Population. The population by counties, ac- 

 cording to the census of 1900, is as follows: Ala- 

 mance, 25,665; Alexander, 10,960; Alleghany, 

 7,759; Anson, 21,870; Ashe, 19,581; Beaufort, 

 26,404; Bertie, 20,538 ; Bladen, 17,677; Brunswick, 

 12,657; Buncombe, 44,288; Burke, 15,699; Cabar- 

 rus, 22,456; Caldwell, 15,694; Camden, 5,474; Car- 

 teret, 11,811; Caswell, 15,028; Catawba, 22,133: 

 Chatham, 23,912; Cherokee, 11,860: Chowan. 10. 

 258; Clay, 4,532; Cleveland, 25,078; Columbus, 

 21,274; Craven, 24,160; Cumberland, 29,249; (in 

 rituck, 6,529; Dare, 4,757; Davidson, 23,403 ; Da vie. 

 12,115; Duplin, 22,405; Durham, 26,233; Edi:.- 

 combe, 26,591; Forsyth, 35,261; Franklin, 25,1 If,; 

 Gaston, 27,903; Gates, 10,413; Graham, 4,343; 

 Granville, 23,263; Greene, 12,038; Guilford, 39,074; 

 Halifax, 30,793; Harnett, 15,988; Haywood, 16,- 

 222; Henderson, 14,104; Hertford, 14,294; Hy.lc, 

 9,278; Iredell, 29,064; Jackson, 11,853; Johnston. 

 32,250; Jones, 8,226; Lenoir, 18,639; Lincoln. 

 15,498; McDowell, 12,567; Macon. 12,104; Ma.li- 

 son, 20,644; Martin, 15,383; Mecklenburg, 55.-Jt;><: 

 Mitchell, 15,221; Montgomery, 14,197; M<>n . 

 23,622; Nash, 25,478; New Hanover, 25,7s:>: 

 Northampton, 21,150; Onslow, 11,940; Orange . 

 14,690; Pamlico, 8,045; Pasquotank, 13,660; Fen- 

 der, 13,381; Perquimans, 10,091; Person, 16,685; 

 Pitt, 30,889; Polk, 7,004; Randolph, 28,232; Rich- 

 mond, 28,408; Robcson, 40.371; Rockingham, 33,- 

 163; Rowan, 31,066; Rutherford, 25,101; Samp- 

 son, 26,380; Stanly, 15,220; Stokes, 19,866; Surry, 

 25,515; Swain, 8,401; Transylvania, 6,620 ; Tyrrell, 

 4,980; Union, 27,156; Vance, 16,684; Wakr. :>!.- 

 626; Warren, 19,151; Washington, 10,608: Watau- 

 ga. 13.417 : Wayne, 31,356; Wilkes, 26,872; Wil- 

 son, 23,596; Yadkin, 11,464. 



Finances. On Nov. 30, 1900, the balance in 

 the treasury was $124,362.72; of this amount, 

 $23,219.50 was of the educational fund, while tl.e 

 remainder belonged to the general fund. This do< 

 not include amounts against which there were 



