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OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. (CHITTENDEN CLAYTON.) 



Authentication of the Declaration of Independ- 

 ence (Cambridge, 1885) ; and John Adams, the 

 Statesman, with Other Essays and Addresses, 

 Historical and Literary (Boston, 1898). 



Chittenden, Lucius Eugene, lawyer, born in 

 Williston, Vt., May 24, 1824; died in Burlington, 

 Vt., July 22, 1900. He was educated in the com- 

 mon schools, studied law, and was admitted to 

 the bar at St. Albans in September, 1844. He re- 

 moved to Burlington, where he practiced law for 

 several years. He was prominent in the anti- 

 slavery and free-soil movements, and became a 

 Republican with the birth of that party. From 

 1856 till 1860 he was State Senator. In February, 

 1861, he was a delegate to the Peace Conference 

 in Washington. The same year he was made 

 register of the Treasury, and he served four years. 

 At the close of the civil war he went to New 

 York city, where he practiced law till 1897. In 

 July, 1896, he was appointed assistant cashier 

 in the New York office of the State Excise De- 

 partment. He had a valuable library, rich in 

 volumes relating to the early history of print- 

 ing and engraving. His published works include 

 Report of the Debates and Proceedings in the 

 Secret Sessions of the Conference Conventions, 

 February, 1861 (New York, 1864) ; The Capture 

 of Ticonderoga (Rutland, 1872) ; Recollections of 

 President Lincoln and his Administration (New 

 York, 1891); Personal Reminiscences, 1840-1890 

 (1893) ; An Unknown Heroine (1893) ; and Abra- 

 ham Lincoln's Speeches (1895). 



Church, Frederick Edwin, landscape painter, 

 born in Hartford, Conn., May 4, 1826; died in 

 New York city, April 7, 1900. He became the 

 pupil of Thomas Cole, in Catskill, N. Y., lived and 

 worked in Catskill for several years, and then 

 established his studio in New York city. His 

 work attracted wide attention, and in 1849 he 

 was made a full member of the National Acad- 

 emy. In 1853, and again in 1857, he traveled in 

 South America, gathering the material for his 

 great picture of tropical and mountain scenery, 

 entitled The Heart of the Andes, which was first 

 exhibited in 1859, and created a sensation. It 

 was bought by William T. Blodgett for $10,000, 

 the highest price that had then been received for 

 a picture by an American artist. A few years 

 later he joined an expedition to Labrador, and 

 from sketches made on this trip painted his Ice- 

 bergs, which was exhibited in London in 1863. 

 In 1866 he went to Jamaica, West Indies, and in 

 1868 made his first visit to Europe, going to 

 Palestine and Greece, and painting The Parthe- 

 non, Jerusalem, and other important pictures. 

 His best known picture is the Great Falls at Ni- 

 agara (1857), which was originally purchased by 

 John Taylor Johnston, and at the sale of the 

 Johnston collection, in 1876, was bought by the 

 Corcoran Art Gallery, in Washington, for $25,000. 

 This picture was exhibited throughout Europe 

 and the United States, and was awarded a medal 

 of the second class at the exposition in Paris 

 in 1867. His other important pictures are The 

 Andes of Ecuador (1855); Cotopaxi (1862); 

 Chimborazo (1864); St. Thomas in the Vale, Ja- 

 maica; Niagara, from the American Side (1866); 

 Damascus (1869); Rainy Season in the Tropics; 

 Jerusalem (1870); The Parthenon (1871); El 

 Khasna Petra (1872); Tropical Moonlight 

 (1874); ;Egean Sea; Valley of Santa Ysabel 

 (1875); El Ayn; Twilight in the Wilderness 

 (1876); Morning in the Tropics (1877); The 

 Monastery (1878) ; Valley of Santa Marta (1879) ; 

 and A South American Landscape. The last is 

 owned by the National Academy; Cotopaxi is in 

 the Lenox Library, New York city. Mr. Church 



was an early admirer of Turner and his work, 

 then being brought into prominence through the 

 writings of John Ruskin, and this influence is 

 traceable in many of the details of his paintings. 



Churchill, John Wesley, clergyman, born in 

 Fairlee, Vt., May 26, 1839; died in Andover, Mass., 

 April 13, 1900. He was educated at Phillips 

 Academy, Andover, and at Harvard, being gradu- 

 ated in 1865. In 1868 he completed his theological 

 education at Andover Seminary. He received 

 his official appointment to the professorship of 

 Pulpit Delivery in Andover Seminary on the day 

 of his graduation, which chair he held till his 

 appointment as Professor of Sacred Rhetoric in 

 the same institution in 1896. He was the regular 

 instructor in elocution in Phillips Andover Acad- 

 emy and Abbott Seminary from 1867 till the time 

 of his death, and had given instruction for year* 

 in Brown University, Amherst, Dartmouth. 

 Smith, Wellesley, and Mount Holyoke College-. 

 and in Harvard Divinity School during the last 

 ten years of his life. Prof. Churchill attained 

 wide fame as a college preacher, and his services 

 were sought for by institutions in all parts of the 

 country. He was also one of the editors of the 

 Andover Review. 



Clapp, Dwight H., missionary, American 

 Board, born in Middlefield. Ohio, Nov. 1, 1841 ; 

 Mary Jane (Rowland) Clapp, born in darks- 

 field, Ohio, Feb. 18, 1845; both killed in Taku, 

 Shensi province, China, July 31, 1900. Mr. Clapp 

 was graduated at Oberlin in 1879, and at the Theo- 

 logical Seminary in 1884. Mrs. Clapp was gradu- 

 ated at Lake Erie Seminary, Painesville, Ohio. 

 They sailed for China Sept. 2, 1884, and they 

 visited this country on a furlough in 1894. 



Clark, Jonas Oilman, philanthropist, born iu 

 Hubbardston, Mass., Feb. 1, 1815; died in Wor- 

 cester, Mass., May 23, 1900. He worked on his 

 father's farm and as an apprentice to the car- 

 riage maker's trade, and later he engaged in the 

 manufacture of tinware, and established stores in 

 Lowell and Milford. In 1853 he found it neces- 

 sary to go to San Francisco to look after his 

 business, and took up, in addition to his hard- 

 ware business, the shipping of furniture. He 

 made money rapidly, and invested freely in real 

 estate. In 1880 he removed to Worcester. In 

 1887 he endowed the university at Worcester 

 which bears his name with $2,000,000. The work 

 of the university has been developed gradually 

 and without ostentation, but its reputation at- 

 tracts to it yearly many graduates from other 

 universities and colleges. Another institution 

 that owes its existence to his generosity is a fine 

 public building and library in Hubbardston, witli 

 property to endow it. 



Clark. Lewis Whitehouse, jurist, born in 

 Barnstead, N. H., Aug. 19, 1828; died in Man- 

 chester, N. II.. May 28. 1900. He was graduated 

 at Dartmouth College in 1850, and was principal 

 of the Pittsfield Academy from August. 1S.~>0, till 

 December, 1852. He was admitted to the bar in 

 September, 1852, and began practice in Pittsfield, 

 and later removed to Manchester. He was a 

 member of the Legislature in 1855. He was &\t- 

 pointed Attorney-General of the State May 21, 

 1872, which office he held till August, 1876. May 

 24, 1898, he was appointed Chief Justice of the 

 Supreme Court, to fill a vacancy. At the time of 

 his death he was United States Commissioner in 

 Bankruptcy. He received the degree of LL. !) 

 from Dartmouth College in 1888. 



Clayton. Thomas J., jurist, born in Delaware 

 County, Pennsylvania, in 1826: died in ('lit-stcr. 

 Pa.. Jan. 30, 1900. He was admitted to practi<* 

 at the bar in 1851. In 1874 he was elected pre-i- 



