OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. (SARGENT SAYEE.) 



497 



river northward from Blakiston island. He was 

 widely known by his active interest in outdoor 

 sports, being one of the first to introduce polo 

 into the United States. He was for many years 

 a manager of the Pennsylvania Academy of 

 Fine Arts, and he was one of a committee having 

 charge of the erection of the exhibition building 

 at the world's fair held in Philadelphia in 1876. Be- 

 sides being a member of the American Philosophical 

 Society and the American Society of Civil En- 

 gineers, he was one of the original members of the 

 National Academy of Sciences. His more impor- 

 tant scientific papers were Combinations of Mech- 

 anism representing Mental Processes (1874) and 

 Notes on Grant's Difference Engine (1874); also 

 he was the author of Terrestrial Magnetism and 

 the Magnetism of Iron Ships (1877; rev. ed., 1883) 

 and Manual of Coaching (1899). 



Sargent, Hannah, Mrs. (Hannah Bailey), ac- 

 tress, born in Providence, R. I., in 1850; died in 

 New York city, May 2, 1900. She made her first 

 appearance with Edwin Booth in Richard III, as 

 L'd \vqrd V, in the Providence Theater, in 1865. 

 She rose to a leading place as a stock actress 

 in a short time, and for several seasons was very 

 popular in the permanent companies of Cincinnati 

 and Columbus, Ohio, and Indianapolis, Ind. In 

 1874 she married Harry Jones Sargent (Harry 

 Sargent Jones), manager of the Columbus Theater. 

 In 1876 they visited San Francisco, and while there 

 saw the first performances of Helena Modjeska at 

 the California Theater, and on his wife's suggestion 

 Mr. Sargent engaged the Polish actress to play 

 under his management. Mrs. Sargent actively as- 

 sisted her husband in all his eminently successful 

 presentations of Mme. Modjeska in the United 

 States and England, during the continuance of 

 which she remained off the stage; but eventual 

 financial misfortune obliged her to resume her 

 work. When her desire to return to the stage 

 became known to Mme. Modjeska, that lady of- 

 fered her a place in her support. For more than 

 ten years Mrs. Sargent was a member of Mod- 

 jeska's companies, and as such made her last ap- 

 pearance at Wilmington, Del., April 3, 1900. 



Sargent, John Singer, artist, born in Florence, 

 Italy, in 1856; died in London, England, April 13, 

 1900. His parents were Americans residing in 

 Florence. He was educated partly in Italy and 

 partly in Germany. He entered the Academy of 

 Fine Arts, in Florence, at an early age, and spent 

 several years in art study. At the age of eighteen 

 he entered the studio of Carolus Duran, in Paris. 

 In 1877 he exhibited in the Salon a portrait of 

 his master, which excited a great deal of comment. 

 In 1S79 he received honorable mention in the Salon, 

 and in 1881 a medal of the second class. In 1884 

 he removed to London, where he exhibited in the 

 Royal Ac-'.demy and the Grosvenor Gallery, and 

 his pictures met with instant success. In 1894 he 

 was elected an associate member of the Royal 

 Academy, and in 1897 he was made a member. 

 He visited the United States several times, and in 

 1SS7 he painted many portraits there. During 

 his visit in 1889 he painted the picture of Carmen- 

 cita, which was purchased by the French Govern- 



Iment. He was commissioned to decorate the ends 

 of the upper corridor of the new Boston Public 

 Library, and chose for his theme the progress of 

 religion. Some of his best known pictures are 

 A Street in Venice; Carnation, Lily, Rose; Fish- 

 in <j for Oysters atCancale (1878) ; En Route pour la 

 Peohe (1878) ; Portrait of Carolus Duran (1879) ; 

 Neapolitan Children Bathing (1879); El Jaleo 

 (1882); Portrait of Two Children (1883); and 

 many portraits. He was a member of the Amer- 



Ka National Academy of Design. 

 VOL. XL. 32 A 



Saunders, William, horticulturist, born in St. 

 Andrews, Scotland, in 1822; died in Washington, 

 D. C., Sept. 11, 1900. Several of his youthful years 

 were spent in India, where his father was a gar- 

 dener. He was educated at the college of Madras 

 and the Divinity School at St. Andrews. He stud- 

 ied the cultivation of plants and flowers in Kew 

 Gardens, London. In 1845 he came to the United 

 States, and contributed to the improvement of 

 Fairmount and Hunting Parks, in Philadelphia, 

 and of Clifton Park, Baltimore. In 1862, on the 

 establishment of the United States Department of 

 Agriculture, he was placed in charge of the di- 

 vision of experimental gardens and grounds, which 

 place he held at his death. He was also president 

 of the Park Commission of the District of Colum- 

 bia, and was interested in beautifying the parks 

 of Washington. It was through the development 

 of his ideas and largely through his labors that 

 the Patrons of Husbandry, known as the National 

 Grange, was organized. Of the plants introduced 

 by the experimental gardens under his direction, 

 the most conspicuous is the seedless navel orange, 

 the first trees having been secured by him in Brazil 

 in 1870. 



Sawyer, Philetus, manufacturer, born in Whit- 

 ing, Vt., Sept. 22, 1816; died in Oshkosh, Wis., 

 March 29, 1900. He removed with his parents to 

 Crown Point, N. Y., in 1817, where he was edu- 

 cated in the district schools. At the age of seven- 

 teen he began working as a farm hand. In ten 

 years he had saved $2,000, and in 1847 he removed 

 to Wisconsin, where he engaged in the lumber 

 business. He was elected to the Legislature in 

 1857 and 1861, and in 1863 was elected mayor of 

 Oshkosh. In 1864 he was elected to Congress, and 

 served continuously for ten years. In 1880 and 

 1886 he was elected United States Senator. In 

 the lower house he was chairman of the Committee 

 on Pacific Railroad and a member of the Commit- 

 tees on Commerce, Manufactures, and Invalid Pen- 

 sions. 



Sayre, Lewis Albert, surgeon, born in Battle 

 Hill (now Madison), N. J., Feb. 29, 1820; died in 

 New York city, Sept. 21, 1900. He was graduated 

 at Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., in 

 1839, and at the College of Physicians and Sur- 

 geons, New York city, in 1842. In that year he 

 became prosector to the Professor of Surgery in 

 the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and he 

 held the place till made emeritus prosector in 1852. 

 In 1853-73 he was surgeon to Bellevue Hospital. 

 In 1859 he was made surgeon to the Charity Hos- 

 pital on Blackwell's island. From 1873 he was 

 consulting surgeon for both hospitals. He was one 

 of the active founders of the Bellevue Hospital 

 Medical College in 1861, and was made its Pro- 

 fessor of Orthopaedic Surgery; he retained this 

 chair until the college was consolidated with New 

 York University in 1898, when he was made emer- 

 itus professor. He was the first American to re- 

 move the head of the femur in hip-joint disease. 

 He performed the operation in 1854. and in seven 

 years had created by this and other original meth- 

 ods a practically new department in his profession, 

 orthopaedic surgery. He performed his hip- joint 

 operation before the International Medical Con- 

 gress at Philadelphia in 1876. He invented nu- 

 merous instruments and appliances, and was the 

 author of the following medical works: On the 

 Mechanical Treatment of Chronic Inflammation of 

 the Joints of the Lower Extremities (Philadel- 

 phia, 1865) ; Practical Manual of the Treatment 

 of Clubfoot (New York. 1M>9) : Spinal Disease 

 and Spinal Curvature (Philadelphia, 1878); and 

 Lectures on Orthopaedic Surgery and Diseases of 

 the Joints (New York, 1883). 



