514 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (BUTTERFIELD COGHLAX.) 



and history, but above all an efficient man of busi- 

 ness, who devoted himself to the development of 

 his mining property in Wales and invested over 

 a million sterling in the canal, docks, and harbor 

 at Cardiff. This town, built up by his enterprise, 

 made him its mayor in 1890. He planted the 

 largest and the only successful vineyard in Great 

 Britain. He was a generous supporter of educa- 

 tion and learning and a benefactor to Anglicans 

 and Presbyterians as well as to Catholics. 



Butterfleld, William, an English architect, 

 born in 1814; died in London, Feb. 23, 1900. He 

 \\;is one of the masters of the Gothic revival in 

 England started by Pugin, who was two years his 

 senior. His work was more original, though not 

 always as successful, as that of Pugin, and bolder 

 and 'more original than that of Clement Scott. 

 He designed the buildings of St. Augustine's Col- 

 lege, in Canterbury, and thereby won the favor 

 of the Tractarians of Oxford. The chapel of Bal- 

 liol College and the buildings of Keble College; 

 the churches of All Saints and St. Augustine, in 

 London; the chapel and other buildings at Ful- 

 hain palace; St. Mary Magdalene, in Enfield; St. 

 Augustine, at Bournemouth ; the chapel and school 

 buildings at Rugby; and the grammar school at 

 Exeter, are his principal works. He also restored 

 many ancient buildings, and in doing so destroyed 

 some excellent examples of the architecture of the 

 Renaissance to produce uniformity of style. 



Canossa, Luigi di, an Italian prelate, born in 

 1809 ; died in Verona, March 12, 1900. He was Bish- 

 op of Verona, and was created a cardinal in 1877. 



Cave, Alfred, an English clergyman, born in 

 London, Aug. 29, 1847 ; died at Hampstead, Dec. 

 19. 1900. He was educated at New College, Lon- 

 don, prepared himself for the Congregational min- 

 istry, and held pastorates at Berkhamstead, 

 1872-76. and Watford, 1876-'80. He resigned the 

 second charge to become Professor of Hebrew and 

 ( 'hurch History at Hackney College, of which he 

 was made principal in 1882. He held an honored 

 place among biblical scholars, and ranked as an 

 extremely conservative theologian. His writings 

 include The Scriptural Doctrine of Sacrifice and 

 Atonement (1877) ; The Inspiration of the Old 

 Testament Inductively Considered (1888); In- 

 troduction to Theology (1888) ; The Battle of the 

 Standpoints: The Old Testament and the Higher 

 Criticism (1890); The Spiritual Word the Last 

 of Philosophy and the First of Christ (1894). 



Christian Victor, Prince, of Schleswig-Hol- 

 stein, born in Windsor Castle, April 14, 1867; 

 died in South Africa, Oct. 29, 1900. He was the 

 eldest child of the Prince of Schleswig-Holstein 

 and Princess Helena, fourth child of Queen Vic- 

 toria of England. He was educated at Wellington 

 College and at Magdalen College, Oxford, then en- 

 tered the military academy at Sandhurst, and in 

 isss joined the army as second lieutenant in the 

 King's Rifles, became a lieutenant in 1890, and in 

 is'Hi a captain with the brevet rank of major after 

 having served in India as orderly officer to Major- 

 Gen. Elles in the Ha/ara expedition and in the 

 Mirnnxai expedition in 1891, in the Tsazai expedi- 

 tion in 1892, and as aid-de-camp to Major-Gen. 

 Sir Francis Scott in West Africa when the expe- 

 dition was sent to Ashanti against King Prempeh 

 in 1895. He served in Gen. Kitchener's Soudan 

 expedition in 1898 as staff officer to the troops 

 on txiard the gunboat flotilla, and in October, 1899, 

 went out to South Africa to serve on the staff of 

 Gen. Roberts. He was with a column that lost 

 its guns and a third of its men in a Boer ambus- 

 cade. His death was due to enteric fever. 



Cluseret. Gustave Paul, a French soldier, born 

 in Paris, June 13, 1823; died in La Crau, Aug. 22, 



1900. He was the son of a colonel, and had a 

 priest for his tutor until he entered the military 

 school of St. Cyr, which he left in 1843. As a 

 lieutenant in 1848 he distinguished himself by 

 leading a detachment of the Garde Mobile against 

 the barricades of the Republicans, and received 

 the ribbon of the Legion of Honor. In 1851 he 

 was suspected of republicanism himself, and with 

 hundreds of other officers was relieved of active 

 duty. In 1854 he was reinstated on application 

 and sent to Algeria. Disappointed because his 

 services there were not recognized, he resigned his 

 commission, tried farming for a while, emigrated 

 to New York and speculated without success, and 

 then joined Garibaldi's legion in Sicily, and was 

 appointed a colonel. He was disabled by a wound 

 received at Capua, returned to New York, and 

 when the civil war began obtained an appointment 

 on Gen. McClellan's staff, with the rank of brig- 

 adier general. After the war he conducted a 

 newspaper, then joined the Fenians in Ireland, 

 escaped arrest by fleeing to France, and was ex- 

 pelled from there as a Republican agitator. He 

 returned to France at the beginning of the war of 

 1870, started a Socialist newspaper in Marseilles, 

 called himself commander of the Army of the 

 South, went to Paris when the government of 

 the Commune was set up, and received the post in 

 it of Minister of War, but in the last month of 

 its existence was accused of treachery and thrown 

 into prison. On the suppression of the Paris Com- 

 mune he escaped to England, and thence to Swit- 

 zerland, where he undertook to paint under the 

 teaching of Courbet, having been summoned for 

 trial and condemned to death in Paris. In 1878 he 

 joined the Turkish army, and fought against l!u- 

 sia. After the amnesty of 1881 he returned to 

 France, painted pictures, wrote for newspapers, 

 and published a volume of memoirs, in which he 

 charged his colleagues of the Commune with follies 

 and enormities. In 1888 he was elected a Deputy 

 for the Var, and since 1889 he had sat for Toulon. 



Cochery, Louis Adolphe, a French politician, 

 born in Paris, April 26, 1819; died there. Oct. 15, 

 1900. He was admitted to the bar at the age of 

 twenty, and after the February revolution he was 

 appointed to a post in the Ministry of Justice, 

 which he resigned after a little while in order to 

 devote himself to pleading and to journalism. In 

 the elections of 1869 he was elected by the Demo- 

 cratic Opposition a member of the Corps Legislatif 

 for the department of Loiret. and took his seat 

 in the Left Center, voting against war with Prus- 

 sia. The Government of the Fourth of Septeintiei 

 placed him as commissary general in charge of 

 the defense of Loiret, and that department, on. 

 Feb. 8, 1871, sent him to the National Assembly. 

 where he sat in the Left Center, attaching hi nisei 

 later to the Republican Left. In 1870 he \va 

 elected to the Chamber of Deputies from Montar 

 gis, and voted against the Broglie ministry. II'! 

 was re-elected after the dissolution of the Chamb-!. 

 and when the Dufaure ministry was constitute'! 

 he became undersecretary in the Department of 

 Finance. On March 1, 1878, he united the posts 

 and telegraphs under one administration, whien 

 was transformed into a separate department in 

 1879. of which he remained the chief until the 

 fall of Ferry's last Cabinet, in 1885. As Minister 

 of Posts and Telegraphs he instituted importart 

 reforms in the service. The cheap and rapid means 

 of communication with the postal telegraph card, 

 called the lift it Men. was his invention. On Jail. 

 5, 1888, he passed into the Senate. 



Coghlan, Elizabeth Eily May, an KnirlMi 

 sinner, born in Paris. France, in 1864; died in 

 Stamford, Conn., April 8, 1900. She was a sist<>r 



