534 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (PALACIO PUTTKAMER.) 



with honors and gifts by the Sultan. Twice after- 

 ward he was recalled to the post of Minister of 

 War. Osman Pasha published a history of the , 

 defense of Plevna, containing curious public and 

 private documents relating to that celebrated feat 

 of arms. He retired from the Ministry of War in 

 1885 and was appointed Grand Marshal of the Pal- 

 ace and kept away from the army, as has been 

 the fate of all great Turkish generals. 



Falacio, Andueza, ex-President of Venezuela, 

 died in August, 1900. He was carried into the 

 presidency by the Liberal party in 1890, and in 

 189-2 his Government was overturned by a revolu- 

 tion headed by Gen. Crespo, who was the victim 

 of a counter-revolution in 1898. This brought the 

 Liberals again into power, and in the first Cabinet 

 formed by President Cipriano Castro the exiled 

 Pahu-io, on his return from Paris, received the 

 portfolio of Foreign Affairs. He ceased to be a 

 minister shortly before his death, and was about 

 to depart on a mission to Europe. 



Pellechet, Marie Catherine Helene, a French 

 bibliographer, born in Paris in 1840; died at 

 Mail y-le-Roi, near Paris, Dec. 11, 1900. Her in- 

 terest in bibliography manifested itself early, and 

 her later years were entirely devoted to the scien- 

 tific study of incunabula. Mile. Pellechet was 

 held in the highest esteem by all French scholars 

 for her literary attainments, and was an hon- 

 orary librarian of the Biblioth&que Nationale. 

 She published Notes sur les Livres Liturgiques 

 des Dioceses d'Autun, Chalon, et Macon (Paris, 

 1883) ; Catalogue des Incunables de la Biblio- 

 thque de Dijon (Dijon, 1886) ; Notes sur des 

 Imprimeurs du Comtat-Venaissin et de la Princi- 

 paute d'Orange et Catalogue des Livres imprimis 

 par eux, qui se trouvent a Bibliotheque de Car- 

 pentras (1887); Catalogue des Incunables et des 

 Livres Imprimes de la BibliothSque Publique de 

 Versailles de MD a MDXX (1889) ; Catalogue des 

 Livres de la Bibliotheque d'un Chanoine d'Autun: 

 Claude Guilliaud, 1495-1551 (1890) ; Alphabet des 

 Imprimeurs du XV 6 Si&cle (1893) ; Catalogue des 

 Incunables des Biblioth&ques de Lyon (Lyons, 

 1893) ; Catalogue des Incunables de la Biblio- 

 theque de la Ville de Colmar (1895); Une Asso- 

 ciation d'Imprimeurs Parisiens au XV 8 Siecle 

 (1897) ; Catalogue General des Incunables des Bi- 

 bliotheques Publiques de France. The last named 

 was her chief work, and the first volume was is- 

 sued in 1897. 



Pellieux, Gen. de, a French soldier, born in 

 1842; died in Quimper, July 15, 1900. He held 

 one of the highest posts in the general staff from 

 the beginning of the Dreyfus affair, and was one 

 of those chiefly responsible for the prevention of 

 a revision of the trial of 1894. He had charge of 

 the first investigation of Major Esterhazy, and 

 systematically suppressed evidence against that 

 officer. In the Zola trial and in the second Drey- 

 fus trial at Rennes he preserved the same attitude, 

 and made every effort to save Gen. de Boisdeffre 

 and (Jen. Gonse. When the reaction came he was 

 one of the first generals to fall into disgrace. 



Peter, Grand Duke of Oldenburg, born July 8, 

 1827; died in Rastede, June 13, 1900. He was the 

 son and heir of the Grand- Duke August, who 

 died Feb. 27, 1853. One of the most liberal consti- 

 tutions in Germany came into operation at the 

 dawn of the young grand duke's reign, and under 

 the guidance of excellent ministers who possessed 

 his full confidence the land was developed on a 

 liberal basis, the communes receiving extensive 

 powers of self-government, roads and railroads be- 

 in j: promoted, the system of education being 

 brought up to a high standard, and great attention 

 being bestowed by the Government on the im- 



provement of agriculture. The grand duke was 

 a benefactor to art and literature. He was a fur- 

 therer of German unity under Prussian headship, 

 rejecting overtures from Denmark. His successor 

 is Friedrich August, who enters on his reign at the 

 age of forty-seven. 



Pickersgill, Frederick Richard, an English 

 artist, born in London in 1820; died at Yarmouth, 

 Isle of Wight, Dec. 27, 1900. He was the son of 

 a painter of note, and a nephew of H. W. Pickers- 

 gill, royal academician, and studied under With- 

 erington and at the Royal Academy. His earliest 

 work, The Brazen Age, was exhibited in 1839, and 

 in 1841 his Combat of Hercules attracted much 

 attention. He gained a prize at the cartoon ex- 

 hibition at Westminster Hall in 1843 with The 

 Death of King Lear, and in 1847 a prize of .">UO 

 for The Burial of Harold, which, was purchased 

 at a similar amount for the Houses of Parliament. 

 He became a royal academician in 1858. Be- 

 tween 1839 and 1875 he exhibited 50 paintings 

 at the Royal Academy, of which he was keeper in 

 1875-'87. After resigning his office of keeper he 

 lived in retirement on the Isle of Wight. 



Pinto, Alexandre Alberto da Rocha Serpa, 

 a Portuguese explorer, born at the Tendaes, Por- 

 tugal, April 20, 1846; died in Lisbon, Dec. 28, 

 1900. He studied at the Royal Military College 

 in Lisbon, and entered the 7th Infantry Regiment 

 in 1863, becoming ensign the next year. In 1877 

 he reached the rank of major, and three years later 

 was made aid-de-camp to the King. He crossed 

 the continent of Africa in 1877-79 from Benguela 

 to Durban, and his narrative of the exploit, en- 

 titled How I Crossed Africa, has been translated 

 into many languages. Major Pinto received gold 

 medals of the first class from the geographical 

 societies of London, Paris, Antwerp, Rome, and 

 Marseilles. 



Pole, William, an English civil engineer, born 

 in Birmingham, April 22, 1814; died in London, 

 Dec. 30, 1900. He was articled to a civil engineer 

 of his native town, and after the expiration of his 

 time was occupied for several years in gas works 

 construction and ventilating and heating projects. 

 In 1840 he became an associate of the Institution 

 of Civil Engineers. He was Professor of Civil 

 Engineering at Elphinstone College, Bombay, in 

 1844-'47, and filled the same chair at University 

 College, London, in 1859-'67, as well as that of 

 lecturer at the Royal Engineers' Establishment at 

 Chatham for the latter period. He subsequently 

 was secretary to various royal commissions, such 

 as those on water supply and the pollution of the 

 Thames, and was one of the gas referees for the 

 metropolis in 1870-'90. He was honorary secre- 

 tary to the Institution of Civil Engineers in lsi;:>_ 

 '96, Fellow of the Royal Society from 1861, and its 

 vice-president in 1876 and 1889. He was a learned 

 musician and musical critic, although he composed 

 but little. He was an authority on whisi and 

 a specialist in precious stones. His writings in- 

 clude A Treatise on the Cornish Pumping Engine 

 (1844); The High-pressure Engine, from the Ccr- 

 man of E. Alban (1858); The Status of Civil 

 Engineers in the United Kingdom and Foreign 

 Countries (1870) ; Iron as a Material of ('(instruc- 

 tion (1872) ; Life of Sir William Fairbairn (1877) : 

 The Story of Mozart's Requiem (1879): The 

 Philosophy of Music (1879): The Philosophy of 

 Whist (1884); Whist (1891); The Evolution of 

 Whist (1891). 



Puttkamer. Robert Victor von. a Prussian 

 statesman, liorn in 1830; died in Kar/.in. March 

 15. 1900. He was the son of the president of the 

 province of Posen. He belonged to a family that 

 lias furnished many Prussian officials, and as a 



