PENNSYLVANIA. 



555 



Osteopathy does not confine itself to a treat- 

 ment of maladies of the bones, nor does it find in 

 diseased bones the origin of all pathological con- 

 ditions. The name was considered by Dr. Still 

 as applicable to his system because of the relative 

 importance which his theory gives to anatomy, 

 and because of his belief that " the bones could be 

 used as levers to relieve pressure on nerves, ar- 

 teries, and veins." 



Treatments, which do not as a rule occupy 

 move than twenty minutes, are given through 

 thin garments, and not, as in massage, upon the 

 bare flesh. No machines or appliances are used. 



The first institution for the training of prac- 

 titioners in osteopathy was opened about seven 

 years ago in Kirksville, Mo., under the name 

 of the American School of Osteopathy. Since 

 then a considerable number have been estab- 

 lished in different parts of the United States, the 

 most prominent being the Northern Institute of 

 Osteopathy at Minneapolis, the Boston Institute 

 of Osteopathy, the Philadelphia Institute of 

 Osteopathy, the Still College of Osteopathy at 

 Des Moines, Iowa, the Pacific School of Oste- 

 opathy at Los Angeles, Cal., and the Milwaukee 

 College and Infirmary of Osteopathy. Several of 

 these colleges publish periodicals in the interest 

 of osteopathy. 



The prescribed course of study covers a period 

 of four terms of five months each. The require- 

 ments for admission are an elementary knowledge 

 of English, arithmetic, physics, and the history 

 and geography of the United States. The cur- 

 riculum includes, in addition to the theory and 

 clinical demonstration of osteopathy, descriptive 

 and demonstrative anatomy, histology, chemistry, 

 physiology, hygiene, pathology, physiological psy- 

 chology, dietetics, obstetrics, and minor surgery. 

 Upon satisfactory completion of the course, stu- 

 dents receive the degree of doctor or diplomate in 

 osteopathy. 



It is estimated that there are about one thou- 

 sand persons practicing osteopathy in the United 

 States. Among the complaints which they say 

 they have treated successfully are heart and lung 

 diseases, nervous prostration, sciatica, lumbago, 

 all forms of neuralgia and paralysis, asthma, ca- 

 tarrh, incipient consumption, spinal curvature, 

 eye and ear affections, and all dislocations, liver, 

 kidney, stomach, and intestinal affections. 



The following States have by legislative action 

 placed osteopathy upon the same legal basis as 

 the recognized schools of medicine: Vermont, 

 Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Tennessee, 

 North and South Dakota, Ohio, Texas, Colorado, 

 Kansas, and California. 



I PENNSYLVANIA, a Middle State, one of 

 le original thirteen, ratified the Constitution 

 Dec. 12, 1787; area, 45,215 square miles. The 

 population, according to each decennial census, 

 was 434,373 in 1790; 602,365 in 1800; 810,091 in 

 1810; 1,047,507 in 1820; 1,348,233 in 1830; 1,724,- 

 033 in 1840; 2,311,786 in 1850; 2,906,215 in 1860; 

 3,521,951 in 1870; 4.282,891 in 1880: 5,258,014 in 

 1890; and 6,302,115 in 1900. Capital, Harrisburg. 

 Government. The following were the State 

 officers in 1900: Governor, William A. Stone; 

 Lieutenant Governor, J. P. S. Gobin: Secretary 

 of the Commonwealth, William W. Griest ; Sec- 

 retary of Internal Affairs, James W. Latta ; Treas- 

 urer, James E. Barnett; Auditor General, E. B. 

 Hardenbergh ; Attorney-General, John P. Elkin; 

 Adjutant General, Thomas J. Stewart; Superin- 

 tendent of Instruction, N. C. Schaeffer; Insurance 

 Commissioner, Israel W. Durham; Commissioner 

 of Banking, Thomas J. Powers : Secretary of Agri- 

 culture, John Hamilton; Commissioner of For- 

 estry, J. H. Rothrock ; Dairy and Food Commis- 

 sioner, Levi S. Wells; Zoologist, H. T. Fernald; 

 Factory Inspector, James Campbell ; Veterinari- 

 an, Leonard Pierson; Librarian, George E. Reed; 

 Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds, 

 T. L. Eyre; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 



P 



Berks, 159,615; Blair, 85,099; Bradford, 59,403; 

 Bucks, 71,190; Butler, 56,962; Cambria, 104,837; 

 Cameron, 7,048; Carbon, 44,510; Center, 42,894; 

 Chester, 95,695; Clarion, 34,283; Clearfield, 80,- 

 614; Clinton, 29,197; Columbia, 39,896; Crawford, 

 63,643; Cumberland, 50,344; Dauphin, 114,443; 

 Delaware, 94,762; Elk, 32,903; Erie, 98,473; Fay- 

 ette, 110,412; Forest, 11,039; Franklin, 54,902; 

 Fulton, 9,924; Greene, 28,281; Huntingdon, 34,- 

 650; Indiana, 42,556; Jefferson, 59,113; Juniata, 

 16,054; Lackawanna, 193,831; Lancaster, 159,241; 

 Lawrence, 57,042; Lebanon, 53,827; Lehigh, 93,- 

 893; Luzerne, 257,121; Lycoming, 75,663; Me- 

 Kean, 51,343; Mercer, 57,387; MifHin, 23,160; 

 Monroe, 21,161; Montgomery, 138,995; Montour, 

 15,526; Northampton, 99,687; Northumberland, 

 90,911; Perry, 26,263; Philadelphia, 1.293,697; 

 Pike, 8,766: 'Potter, 30,621; Schuylkill, 172,927; 

 Snyder, 17,304; Somerset, 49,461; Sullivan, 12,- 

 134; Susquehanna, 40,043; Tioga, 49,086; Union, 

 17,592; Venango, 49,648; Warren, 38,946; Wash- 

 ington, 92,181; Wayne, 30,171; Westmoreland, 

 160,175; Wyoming, 17,152; York, 116,413. 



Finances. On Jan. 1, 1899, there was a deficit 

 in the treasury of about $3,000,000. Owing to 

 unexpected increase in revenues, this deficit was 

 entirely liquidated in 1900. " There is sufficient 



J. B. McCollum : Associate Justices, J. Hay Brown, money to pay all unpaid appropriations as they 



James T. Mitchell, William P. Potter, John Dean, 

 D. Xewlin Fell, and S. L. Mestrezat: Prothono- 

 taries, Charles S. Greene, William Pearson, and 

 George Pearson; Justices of the Superior Court, 

 C. E. Rice, J. A. Beaver, J. J. Wickham, George 

 K Orlady, P. P. Smith, William Porter, and Dim- 

 ner Beeber. N. C. Schaeffer and Judges McCollum 

 and Smith are Democrats; the others are Repub- 

 licans. 



Population. The population of the State, ac- 



mature, and there will be on Jan. 1, 1901, a bal- 

 ance, over and above the amount necessary to 

 liquidate all demands, of about $1,500,000." 



The report of the Treasurer shows the total re- 

 ceipts of the treasury department from all sources 

 for the fiscal year "ending Nov. 30, 1900, to be 

 $17,494.211.78. Deducting the interest received on 

 securities in the sinking fund and securities ma- 





hiring and paid into the sinking fund, leaves the 

 balance of receipts available for general disburse- 



feording to the census of "1900, is 6,302,115, against ment of $17,192,817.91. Taking out the $344.- 

 5,258,014 in 1890. This is an increase of 1,044,101, 371.50 transferred to the sinking fund, there was 

 or in.s per cent. The population by counties is as a. balance of $16.848.443.41 available for general 

 follows: Adams, 34,496; Allegheny! 775,058: Arm- disbursements. From this amount is deducted 

 strong, 52,551; Beaver, 56,432; Bedford, 39,468; three fourths of the tax on personal property re- 



