644 



SERVIA. 



dan Georgevich; Minister of Finance, Vukasin 

 Petrovich, succeeding Stevan D. Popovich; Min- 

 ister of Commerce, Agriculture, and Industry, Z. 

 Zinanovich, succeeding Sima Lozanich; Minister 

 of the Interior, G. A. Guentchich, successor to 

 J. A. Andonovich ; Minister of Public Instruction 

 and Worship, Andreas Georgevich; Minister of 

 Justice, G. Stefanovich, succeeding Costa N. Cris- 

 tich; Minister of Public Works, Gen. J. Atanat- 

 skovich : Minister of War, Col. Vutchkovich. 



Area and Population. Servia has an area of 

 19,050 square miles, with a population computed 

 on Jan. 1, 1900, at 2,452,372, comprising 1,200,892 

 males and 1,191,480 females. Belgrade, the capital, 

 had 61,147 inhabitants. The number of marriages 

 in 1899 was 24,456; of births, 96,246; of deaths, 

 59,548; excess of births, 36,968. Education is com- 

 pulsory in the primary grades and free in all 

 schools, including the university, which has 44 

 professors and 478 students. In the elementary 

 schools there are 1,505 teachers for 914 schools, 

 with 77,175 pupils; in 14 progymnasia, 130 teach- 

 ers and 2,454 pupils; in 10 gymnasia, 2 technical 

 schools, 2 girls' high schools, 2 normal schools, 

 and 1 theological seminary, 294 teachers and 4,645 

 pupils. 



Finances. In the budget for 1900 the total 

 ordinary revenue is calculated at 77,789,648 dinars, 

 or francs, of which 31,842,928 dinars come from 

 direct taxation, 6,700,000 dinars from customs, 

 3,980,000 dinars from excise taxes, 3,832,000 dinars 

 from law courts, 19,922,100 dinars from monopolies, 

 2,819,500 dinars from domains, posts, telegraphs, 

 and other state property, 6,300,000 dinars from 

 state railroads, and 2,393,120 dinars from various 

 sources. The expenditures were estimated for 

 1900 at a total of 76,256,245 dinars, of which 

 1,200,000 dinars are for the civil list, 360,000 dinars 

 for ex-King Milan's allowance, 95,545 dinars for 

 court officers, 20,245,590 dinars for the service of 

 the public debt, 250.000 dinars for the Skupshtina, 

 154,633 dinars for the Council of State, 111,000 

 dinars for general expenses, 2,849,928 dinars for 

 pensions and subventions, 1,692,582 dinars for the 

 Ministry of Justice, 3,113,389 dinars for the Min- 

 istry of Worship and Public Instruction, 2,197,671 

 dinars for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 3,788,- 

 794 dinars for the Ministry of the Interior, 9,550,- 

 o64 dinars for the Ministry of Finance, 20,030,- 

 986 dinars for the Ministry of War, 7,239,694 

 dinars for the Ministry of Public Works, 1,826,964 

 dinars for the Ministry of Agriculture and Com- 

 merce, 347,053 dinars for various expenses, and 

 1,205,052 dinars for control. 



The debt on Jan. 1, 1900, consisted of 29,445.000 

 dinars outstanding of the lottery loan of 1881, 

 9,795,500 dinars of the loan of >886, 351.551,993 

 dinars of the conversion loan of 1895 at 4 per 

 cent., 3,750,000 dinars of the Russian loan, 464,000 

 dinars borrowed on the salt monopoly, 9,580,000 

 dinars secured on the tobacco monopoly, 844,500 

 dinars borrowed for the construction of a local 

 railroad, 8,314,720 dinars advanced by the Bank 

 of Servia, and 10,980,000 dinars borrowed in 1899 

 at 5 per cent. 



The Army. Servia has a system of compulsory 

 military service, the duration of which is two 

 years from the age of twenty-one, followed by 

 eight years in the reserves, and then ten year's 

 each in the first and second ban of the militia. 

 There are guard battalions, 15 regiments of the 

 line stationed in 5 territorial divisions, 5 regiments 

 of field artillery, 1 in each division, 1 regiment 

 of fort artillery, 2 battalions of engineers, a half 

 l>:Ut;ilion of pontonniers, and 5 companies of train, 

 the total effectives on a peace footing being 661 

 officers and 14,000 men in the infantry, 101 officers 



and 1,400 men in the cavalry, 270 officers and 4.000 

 men in the artillery, 65 officers and 1,000 men in 

 the engineers, and 151 officers and 800 men in the 

 train and sanitary corps. The war strength is 

 22,019 men for each division or 110,245 men in all 

 the divisions, outside of which are 14,863 cavalry, 

 fortress, and special troops, and 35,643 reserve 

 troops attached to the depots, making the total 

 strength of the regular army and its reserve 160,- 

 751 men, which can be supplemented by 120,010 

 men in the first and 66,005 in the second ban of 

 the militia, bringing the fighting strength of the 

 nation up to 353,366 men. 



Commerce and Production. Out of 4,830,200 

 hectares, the total area of Servia, 1,214,370 hec- 

 tares are sown to farm crops, 104,066 hectares 

 are orchards, 599,140 hectares meadows, 484,172 

 hectares forest, and the rest marsh or unproduc- 

 tive. Wheat and corn are the principal crops, be- 

 sides which the other cereals are grown, and to- 

 bacco, hemp, and flax, with grapes for wine and 

 from 7, 000,000 to 8,000,000 quintals of prunes, which 

 are dried and exported to many countries. There 

 were 169,928 horses, 922,899 cattle, 3,094,206 sheep. 

 904,446 pigs, and 525,991 goats in 1896. About 

 64,000 tons of coal are produced annually, and 

 iron, lead, silver, zinc, quicksilver, antimony, and 

 various minerals are mined to some extent. The 

 total value of imports in 1899 was 46,429,000 di- 

 nars, and of exports 65,744,000 dinars. Of horti- 

 cultural and agricultural products, the value of 

 1,302,000 dinars, was imported and 29,426,000 di- 

 nars exported; of food and drinks, 1,217,000 dinars 

 imported and 2,968,000 dinars exported; of colonial 

 produce, 3,419,000 dinars imported : of animals and 

 animal products, 502,000 dinars imported and 27.- 

 413,000 dinars exported ; of hides, leather, and 

 rubber, 3,297,000 dinars imported and 3,157,000 

 dinars exported ; of wool and woolen goods, 

 4,528,000 dinars imported and 106,000 dinars ex- 

 ported; of seeds and seed products, 1,918,000 dinars 

 imported and 2,000 dinars exported: of timber and 

 wood manufactures, 2,727,000 dinars imported and 

 422,000 dinars exported; of metals, 5,027,000 dinars' 

 imported and 560.000 dinars exported; of stone, 

 pottery, and glass wares, 2,470.000 dinars imported 

 and 364,000 dinars exported; of paper, 1.008.000 

 dinars imported; of drugs, chemicals, and colors, 

 1,669,000 dinars imported and 154,000 dinars ex- 

 ported; of machines and instruments, 1,805,000 

 dinars imported and 8,000 dinars exported; of cot- 

 ton and linen goods, 10,273.000 dinars imported 

 and 1,027,000 dinars exported; of silks. 960.n 

 dinars imported; of hardware, 1,329,000 dinars ir 

 ported; of clothing and millinery, 2.976,000 dinar 

 imported and 41,000 dinars exported; of fertili/er*. 

 2.000 dinars imported and 96,000 dinars exported. 

 The values of the imports from and exports to 1h' 

 principal foreign countries in 1899 are given in 

 dinars in the following table: 



