AF.KIAL XAVI.JATInN. 



bank of the Whit.- Nil.* with the help of MI Aby- 

 ftintan 1U. and afterward support the 1 



itngi. 

 The sphere of influence claimed by the Km 



north latitude. 



-in t ho b no of Italian Kryth- 



rva. the frontier foil,,*, the fourteenth imrallel to 

 Tomai.on the Atbara,and thence goes straight to 

 A v .. * D< . ibyssinla i pod part 



Intl.- U-: aU-ut l.V) kilometres up the 



from Kh:irtiim. Knmi this |x>int it a 



.ng tin- left dank t.. Abvwiinia 



a* /' .inv tin* frontier follows 



.N.nd imrnllcl of north lntitmlo east ward to 



lh<- Juki riviT.and bv thitrvan> follows the Italian 



.-t UP to tli. fron- 



.a>n. This now frontier was 



provisionally accepted by England, w l.i.-h r 



on th< no more than a st rip of about 



M 

 tin- -en.- f delimitation- 1 



Turkey for thrir approval, with the 

 view of settling the definitive boundaries of hi- 

 re aii<Vr tin- guarantee of Kurope. 

 \M;I \\ NAVKiAl ION. , ;ntr...lu<-tion of 



.ilisrd Ilinrkril 



jfly through tl, 

 Niaxim, of Kn.irlan.l, Otto 

 ;li-y.of tlu> 

 Smithsonian I: 



[.i-rinu-nts. 



a jK-ri-nl of yoars. a*xl Lilit-nthal 

 K-nce, bc- 

 ll<il by a fall from his son 



investigators in thi> fn-ll, \\ 

 .rcheji have ad<h-<l t" our knowledge of th- 

 ]>rinciplcs of tm-rhaniral flight . :nitc, 



ncago; Arthur Stcmzcl, of Altuna. 1'r 



ni 



MAXIM'S FLTINO 



MM. Tatin ami Ri^ i ' arl K. 



of Mohawk, N. Y.; A. M. H.-rr i 



anl Tile) ->'i'l : ann 



IlrHnn. A 



ma<lo OH of some form of an~opla!i<-. imitM. 



soaring of he suspension of kit--. 



il be 



found in the article KITMMI\<F in thi* vo! .UH-. 

 Maxim wa .iM a machine that 



ally lifted it><-lf off th- ground without ex* 

 aid or the pull of _:is. and this fei. 



complishecl July Ml. 1 V '.M. marked tip- - 

 achievement in'aeronatitio >ince the timrof the 



-olfiers. '! all the in 



i the 



i thry ha\e had' l<- im- 



lties in the way of M-i-urini: material 

 i and li^h' 

 . lifil <-n frann \' 

 . \\ ilh \\ ire. t In- material 

 bein^ thicknesses. The reason 



ii ilotiMe was that 



n 1 hat 

 the liftin.; 



using two thick nesses, set >!i-hily apart, .-m-i mak- 

 thickness somewhat p.'ron-.. \\hil.-thr 

 upper was aim 



l"\\t I' t Illekliess of cloth, 



ferring all the flapping totheii|.] 



serious inc.in\rni.-nce. The 

 propelling machinery was j. laced ,,n | 



M-truciion. luspended belcw a 



plane. >et at an anirlr of about 1 to K. and having 

 I her and smaller ac'roplaiies above and at th< 

 Set Well apart, the ohject l.< -\n^ \<, pn-vnit their 

 taking tin- wiml from each other. Tin- m-li. 

 was quit-- Q air->hi|t. with 



feet of lifting surl.. am eiigine wa 



for motive power, and the apparatus wa- run 

 alight railway track until the speed gave tl 



1 lilting p..wcr to take it from the ground. 



Maxim took infinite pains in the con-t ruction of 



ties and \< -iillicieiit lightness, and 



finally settled on a boiler having linn COJ.JMT 



water tube-, curved among the flame-. Th; 



he maintained eirculat ion :;nd was 



able to obtain HOO feet of h.-atr with only 



; of flame surface. The boiler weigln-il hal'f 

 a ton. carried L'OK pounds of water, and by m.-an- of 

 gasoline fuel, with ll, ; ;.-|u-> high, was made 



to furnish -team enough for the eni_M 

 



of marvelous con-t rudion. and 

 would have served to make 

 Maxim famous had he done 

 nothing el.-e in the line of in- 

 vention. Tip 

 than a pounds to the hor-c 



:. which is about 

 thirtieth of the weight of t he 



and be.-t man 



tionary -team They 



were <^f the double -. 

 i-ed tin- .-lean. 

 350 pounds pre>-nn-. had a pi- 



ton -peed of 7.")0 feet a Iliinilte. 



and were made throughout of 

 lii_ r h-grade steel, many of the 

 npered to in- 



crease the tcn<ili- strength. 

 The-' !ro\e the 



Kr. pell. -rs. which \\en- 1?^ feet 

 i diameter, with Hi 

 Kach engine i , lately 



connected with its propeller, 



they could be u-ed for -leering, as well a^- driving 

 the machine, by -implv running "in- engine, and 

 Miently it- propeller, a little faster than the 

 I'nfortunately. tliis flying machine was 

 badly wrecked on the fir-t day of its trial: I 

 the wreck was caused by the unexpectedly 



lifting power developed. ' t he 



axles of the upper wheel- that had bei-n pr< 



:;fine the machine so that it could not take 

 any extended flight, and HS numerous data 

 Obtained of the detail- of it- operation, the exjieri- 



was universal]. (l " 



t lie day of trial three mas were mah- over the trar-k. 

 w h ich "was about 1 ,800 feet long. The first two row 



