Hitmsii coi.r.MBiA. 



BrLdAlUA. 



Dominion U*. All the land* in Briti- 

 Itinii'ia it Inn 90 miles on each side of th 



arc the property ' >f tin- Domin- 



.vith all th'i* timber an*! n. -y rmiiaiii 



t the precious metals). This tra t of land. 



with it- imiU-r. Imy. wntrr powers, oo*l, and 



is BOW adininu4crrd by tin- Department <>f tin- In- 



anada. practically ac. ordmg ! the same 



law* and regulations that control the pnbtto lands 



i and the North W.-M Tcrntor.es, aXQCpl 



thai the hocnesleads must t.-t <-nlv bs resided u|...n 



and cultivated for not less than six m<>i> 



three Tears aft.-r entry, but I ilso be 



|*i.l for at the rate of fl a& acre, Dominion lands 



in tl also be acquired l.y DUTChM*, 



'ruin M>lflrniflit condition - fT the 



disposal of these lands have been established m 



Kfjsjoopl in the mountain- ami New Wc-tm. 

 ..n fhfctiaM. The mineral- in thi- tract, other than 

 coal and sUone. art- administered l.y thr Briti.-h Co- 

 liimliia Government. 

 Trade and Com mere*. Though tin- trade of 



i Columbia is -nil iinini|><. riant \\li-n com- 

 fiarcd with its extent and resources, it ha- greatly 



|HM! during the past few years, ami is m.w the 

 large- 1 in thr world p- r h--ad <>f population. 

 that of Holland. In 1*71 the imporls were $1,789,- 

 983 and the exports $1358,050, and in ISIMJ there 

 were $5,526,490 of imports and $10, f ex- 



port*. The exports include fi-h. coal, gold, silver. 

 timber, masts and spars, fur- ami -kin-, fish oil. and 

 hops, A large portion of tin- -alim-n. canned and 

 pickled, goes to (Jrcat Britain. -a-t. -rn Canada, the 

 United States, S.uth Africa, and Australia; the 

 Slates and the Hawaiian Islands consume a lar-e 

 share of the exported coal ; and great (plant it 

 timber are -hipped to Australia, some to Soiiili 

 ' .1, China, and Japan, and to places in South 

 America. To Great Britain. China, and the Tinted 

 States are sent the valuable furs and peltries of land 

 animal* and the much-prized seal and otter. Valu- 

 able shipments of fish oil. principally obtained from 

 dogfish at the Queen Charlotte Islands, are con- 

 signed to the States annually, and also to the Ha- 

 waiian Islands. Gold and silver ore is shipped an- 

 nually to the smelters in the I'nited States. 



Mineral*, Including coal, the total output of 

 the min. - f-r 195 was $5,655,302, and for !*'.; it 

 was $7.146,425. In 1895 the value of placer gold 

 amounted to $481,688. and in 1896 to $544,025 ; 



juarU, 1895. $785,271. and in 1896 $U>IJ. 



-ilver, 1895 $47,642, and 1896 $190,926; lead. 

 1896 $532.255. and 1896 $721,384; coal, 

 $2.K18.962. and 1896 $2,327,145 ; coke, 1895 * 

 and 1896 $8.075 : other minerals, 1895 $10,000. and 

 1896 $15,000. For the past two years the produc- 



f coal has been decreasing by reason of the 

 increasing competition of British and American 

 coal in the Pacific coast market of the Tinted 

 States, where most of the coal is sold. 



TlMber. British Columbia probably possesses 

 the greatest compact reserve of timber now left in 

 the world, and of this but a fringe has yd 



The coast districts claim the un . at ,.f propor- 

 tion of good accessible timber, and aimmj; tin-, t he 

 climaU being humid, the ravages of forest fires 

 which have m part depleted the thinner and less 

 valuable woodlands of the interior drv Mt of the 

 mainland hare not been severe. *The timber 

 limit* of the coast follow the nigged shore line. 

 fringe the mountain sides, and extend even to Alaska, 

 while there i* &\*r> much good tirnU-r in the ' 

 chan, Chematnuft. Xanaitno, and other districts of 

 Vancouver island. and on several of the giilf inlands. 

 Large and serviceable timber of lighter growth than 

 on the coast also extends over wide regions of the 

 mainland interior. 



Among the province's principal timbers is the 

 .as lir. widely distributed from the coast to 



> mountain tops. This -r-'U- to , 

 tiotml proportions ..n the coast, where it sometimes 

 rises 800 feet in height and has a base circu infer- 

 ence of 50 feet. A good average is about 1: < 



f limbs and 5 feet iii diameter. 

 A timU-r license may U- granted for 1 



-arson payment of $10 annually and ir> 



: ami n<> | 



not licensed may cut timber on Cn-wn land- . \ 

 for farming and mining. Only one li -n-e at a 

 time bits, ami this js m,t t ran-fi -rabl. . \ 



!o|- 1.INMI acre- 

 obtained l.y application in tin- " oil'n-ial < ia/ 

 and payment oj $50 to the Chief Comn. 



I duration. The follow in .5 wer.- the educational 

 figures of the last tw. he common sol 



26 graded schools, with 139 teachers and 



. pupils, in 1MJM). The high school.s numbcriil 

 t. wit h -1(>(> pupils. The expcndit lire upon t.,, 

 salaries in 1S5 was $169,44H. and in 1*110 $ls:, 

 and the total expenditure by the (o.\, rnment upon 

 education was rcs|XM-tive; 



MlBCellanooilH. The gross debt of the proviner 

 was $6,469,768 in 1896, with assets of | 

 and a yearly debt allowance from the Dominion 

 rnment of $583,021. Tli g tonnage 



(.f the province in 1896 was $ - J. !'.;. I'.'?, compar.-d 

 with $2,228,047 in 1895. There were s(K) miles ,.f 

 railway at the end of i 



Bl l.dVKIA. a principality in eastern Kurope 

 under the su/crainty of Turkey, formerly a Turkish 

 province. It was created an autonomous tributary 

 principaliLy by the Treaty of Berlin, signed on -Inly 



ti"- 



]'>. 1878. Eastern Koiiinelia. which was 

 tiited an autonomous province, expelled tin 

 ernor (icneral nominated by the roite and pro- 

 claimed its union with Bulgaria on Sept 17. 

 and on April 6, 1880, the Sultan, after a i-onf, 

 of representatives of the -ignatory power-, i iied a 

 firman confiding the admini-trat ii.n of the province 

 to the Prince of Bulgaria ami appointing him 

 ernor (ienoral. Since then the two par:- of Bul- 

 garia have practically formed one nation. The 

 Mu-sulmaii district- of Kanjali and IMiodop.- 

 retroceded to the I'orte as' a condition of the Sul- 

 tan's acceptance of the de furtn union of North and 

 .South Bulgaria. The legislative power i- ve-ted in 

 a >ingle ( 'hamber. called the S.branje. the members 

 of which are elected by the votes of all adult male 

 Bulgarians, in the ratio of 1 member t.. -Jii.M(k) j n - 

 halitants. for the term of five year-. A -pei-jally 

 elected Grand Sobranje must be convened to decide 

 on the siu-ee ion to the throne or amendment- to 

 the Constitution. The Prince of Bulgaria is Fenli- 

 nancl. Duke of Saxony, the yoiinr;e-t -on of Prince 

 Augu-t of Saxe-( 'oburL r -<otha and Princess Clem- 

 entine of Bourbon -Orleans, daughter of I.ouis 

 Philippe. Kinirof the French. He was elected by 

 the Crand Sobranje on July 7. IMS;. a ft.-r the ]ep<".- 

 sition of Prince Al -xan- is finally r. 



by the powers in March. [895. The hail to 

 the throne i- Prince Boris, born Jan. 80, 1HD4, son 

 of Prince Ferdinand and Princess Marie Louise of 

 Bourbon, eldest daughter of Hobert. Duke of Par- 

 ma. Prince Boris was baptized in the faith of his 

 parents, who are Koman Catholics, but on Feb. 14, 

 1896, was received into the Greek Orthodox Church. 



