108 



CAPS Cii."\\ \M' sorril AFRICA. 



mechanism. A double-filler cooker, with sii 

 should have a capacity of about 5.000 can* an hour. 

 Process kettles or tanks are used in " processing " 

 or cooling the fruit. Exhaust tanks and kettles are 

 employed to exhaust cold air from the cans just 

 final closure. Crate* formed of strap 

 iron and arranged to be hung from cranes, are used 

 for handling the cans in the operations of process- 

 .n4ing. etc. For special work there are 

 fflfth machines as green-corn cutters, which will 

 handle <000 ears an hour; corn mixers; corn-silk- 



f,.r removing silk and refuse from 

 its separation from the cob; pea- 

 hulling inachim*. fine of which will hull KH> bush- 

 els in an hour: rotary pea separators, grad in g the 

 peas into half a dozen siwss, at (he both- 



els an hour; pea sieves, for grading peas yi small 

 qtmntities; pea blanchers ; pumpkin tillers; pump- 

 mt: pumpkin peelers; besides various wipers, 

 parvrs. oorers, i: 



, M-l i n|H\\ \N| sn| III MKM \. The 

 Cap- was -ett led by the Dutch in the 



seventeenth century. In 1H06 tlie colony wm 

 nrxed by Great Britain. It then extended east- 

 wani as far as the Great Fi-h river. Many of the 

 descendants of the original Dutch and Huguenot 



-lied with British rule, founded a 

 new colony in Natal, on the east coast, in 1885, 

 Other discontented Boer- mi-rat. -d northward 

 across the Orange river in 1*:U> and succeeding 

 years and establi-hed the settlements that wen- de- 

 clared indc|endent and or-ani/ed into the Oran-e 

 Free State in l<il. The Natal settlements were an- 

 nexed by Great Britain, and the Boer colonists aban- 

 doned their farms and traveled far into the inte- 

 rior, where they established, in 1849, on the farther 

 side of the Vaal river, a new commonwealth called 

 the Transvaal Republic, whose independence was 

 recognised by Great Britain in is.VJ. Xatal was 

 separated >ny and erected into a 



colony in 1856. Briti-h Katfraria was incorporated 

 in CaJH- Colonv in 1N65, and Tombuland. Kast Gri- 

 qualand. the 1'ranskei territories, and the harbor of 

 U .1 '- :. i: >;>. :i ;.. KMthwest OOast, wen- annexed 

 subset] uently. Gfiqualand West was originally a 

 part of the Orange Free State, but after the dis- 

 covery of the diamond mines it was annexed by 

 Great Britain, and now forms an integral part of 

 Cape Colony. Basutoland was annexed to Cape 

 Colony in 1*71. but was detached in consequence of 

 difficulties with the native-, and was placed under 

 direct British imfM-rial administration in 1SS4. In 

 1884 Germany declared a protectorate on the sout h- 

 west coast of Africa over Da in am land from ' 



he southernmost point of Portuguese West 

 Africa, to Walfisch Bay and over Nama<|iialand 

 from Wattsefa Bay to the Orange river. British 

 .tiiialand was annexed by Great Britain in 1884 

 after the suppression of the Government estab- 

 lished in Stellaland at Vryburg by Transvaal I '. 

 ami in 1885 a British protectorate was proclaimed 

 over independent IWhiianaland, the count rv still 

 ruled I iv Chief Khana, Xu Inland was divided aft. r 

 the Zulu war, a section next to the Natal border 

 being set apart as a rescnc for loval Zulus who 

 aided the British in the war. The rest was re- 

 stored to Cetewayo in 1888. In 1887 about two 

 thirds of this territory, t / ,i u re- 



serve, were formally declared British territory and 

 were placed under the admini the 'Gov- 



ernor of Natal. The Transvaal Republic was an- 

 nexed by Great Britain in 1877. and a British ad- 

 ministrator was apjiointed. but in 1KSO the Boers 

 took up arms after expelling the British officials, 

 and after successfully re-istm- the British troops 

 that were sent to conquer them obtained by the 

 treaty of 1881 the restoration of self-government in 



internal affairs, the control of external allai- 



i ne reserved to the British Government under the 



title of su/erain. \ - .; -< Client eon vent ion, signed 



ndofi in 1 V M 1 the IM \ 



>'nth African lu-|>ul>lic atloptetl by the Transvaal 



and aliandoiieil the assertion of suzerainty, lun re- 



i real Britain tlu- riirlit tore\i.-\\ and re- 



i>\ the (i. .\erninent of the re- 



public with fo: r \\ith independent 



natix'e chief- to the north r i-a-t 'f the Tran-vaal. 

 Tin- new re|iublie. foumled b\ B'M-i-s iii /ululand, 

 was subsequently h i a- the di-tr 



Vrijheid in the South Atri'-an IJepublie with the 

 assent of (; real Britain. Bythi- ..... \.-iiii<.ii.. 

 a |-a! land also Was added to the iv|iiililic. 



All the territories north >f the Tran-\ aal. includ- 

 inu r Matal.clelaiid. ruled by King Lolxuigula, with 

 the neiirhborin^ countries of the Ma-h< 

 lakas. and other tribes paying triluile to him. and 

 compri-iii^ all the re-ion north -f ',',' ( ,f -<nith lati- 

 tude. ea-t of 'JO of ea-t 1. -n-il tide, and \\i-t ..fth.. 

 I'orlU^lle-e prn\ilice nf > declared 



within the liriti-h >phere <.f mlluence. In I 

 r.\al charter was granted to the British S.-uth 

 Africa Company, which wa- aiitlmri/ed ; 

 an administration for the-e territorie-. The roiu- 

 pany was empowered to take under it- admini-t ra- 

 tion, subject to the approval of the Imperial (iov- 

 erninent, the i. Till of the Bechuanalaiid 



protectorate, and we-i of it to theti.unan bound- 

 ary. Portugal <-laimed the banks of the/ambesi 

 and a continuous /one of terrii..r\ across the conti- 

 nent from its colony of Moxambicjue, on th- 

 coast, to Angola, on" t he we-i coast, but. \ ielding 

 under threat of war to -nperior : ed in 



is'.M to recoi;ni7.i' as a Briti-h (U'ot ei-torate t h" 

 countries south of the /ambe-i. including th< 

 nica plateau, and aN> the r.arot-.- kinirdom and all 



the regions north Of the Zambesi up to the border 



of the Con-" Stale, including the Lake 

 ^ion. where British missionaries were active, hi 

 l^'.i] the British (Jovernmcnt extended the fid, I of 

 operations of tin- Briti-h South Africa Comp., 

 as to include all the territories north of t he /am- 

 be-i. known as Northern Zambesia or British Cen- 

 tral Africa, with the exception of the Nyassa land 

 districts, which had been declared in l* s ! to be 

 within the Briti-h sphere.and were now proclaimed 

 a I'.riti-h i'1-oti'ciorate. I'ondoland was annexed t" 

 the Cape in 1894, and in isji'i the Crown colony of 

 Beohuanalaad was incor|M>rated in Cape Colony. 



Cane of <.ood llo|.,-. pe Colony has npa 

 sesseu responsible government since 1^7.. The 

 le-i^hitive power i- ve-ted in a Leiri-lative Couneil, 

 elected for seven years and containin<_: -j:: m. 

 and a Legislative Assembly of 7! member-. 

 for five years. The colony is divided into 7 di- 

 each electing '} im-inber- to the Council, while (iri- 

 qualand West and British Bee h nan aland are each 

 represented by 1 memlM-r. Memlier- of the A em- 

 bly are elected by single country di-tri<t- and 

 towns. The members of both houses an' , 

 by voters able to register their names, occup.v 

 and addres-es and qualified by the occupation of 

 hoi^e roert worth l'7" "r the receipt of a salary 



property wort "r te receipt 



'. The 'law of 181>*2 roviiled that elections 



should be held by ballot after July 1, 1W4. 

 number of registered electors in ]^'.> 



The (iov.-nior i- Lor-i !. formerly Sir 



ile- b'obin-oii, who was Governor before from 



ill 1HHJ>. and was reappointed in ]*'.:.. The 



ministry in the be^inninu r of 1807 was com pof 



follows: Prime Mini-ten and Treasurer. Sir -J. 



fiord .: Colonial Secretary. Dr. T. N. <'. 



T. Water; Attorney-General. Sir Thotna- f'pintf- 



ton: Commissioner of Public Works, sir .lames 



right; Secretary for Agriculture, I'. 11. Faun-. 



