

Al SolTH AFIIlrA. 



tricta, under Lobengula, there w velve, 



.1. -h .-f which would be placed chief, who 



would be I .aid by the Government and U> held re- 



.' good conduct ..ft!..- distn 

 Mtmissioner and aw is tan t would tw sta- 

 tioned in each district, and over nil would I- the 

 native coinmimionrr in Hub i the 



Matabelcland is aU.ut I.^MUH. 

 verme population ,,f a b over 1 



f the chief* rh.M-n were friendlier, and 

 had taken part in the n U-lli-.n. 

 The parliamentary riff committee failed 



:Hrt on the administration .-f t- South 



uffgest any alterations in 

 KhodeaiaT leaving the nmtirr to 

 bedsit -iiU-rUin. who called into 



ronwltation the director* and officers of the Booth 



rtin. who was 



n-ioned to investigate alTair- in Kh 

 a report so damaging that the board of the 

 Chartered Company asked tune t,. put in an an 



answer was given in a report by Karl G 

 which in no way removed the gravamen of the 

 :-. Sir Kichard Martin reported that c.un- 

 r undoubtedh . .Matabelcland. 



if not 'in Mashonaland. The native oommiasiooen 

 pnMMirvd such labor for the various requirementa 



.f the Government, mining rompanies. and pi 



ftO obtain it through the imln- 

 fMU. if they could, and. failing in this, using force. 

 As regards' the rattle question. Sir Richard Martin 

 was.' . -ti that the fatal mistake made by 



mpany in claiming all cattle as the pr- 



of the king 'inune.liat.-ly after the war, and the un- 



'iat mu>t have existed in the native mind 



regarding the proprietorship of the cattle previous 



distribution, together with the irritation 



canard by the fre-p.-nt drafts mad.- by the native 



! finally the unsatisfactory division, could 



not fail to product widespread discontent and dis- 



Many who were entitled by native; law to 



cattle were left without, though others rc< 



han their share. In new regulations is-ned 

 in 1885 the company deprived natives of a part of 

 that had 'been given to them in the first 

 The company had, contrary to the charter, 

 granted a monopoly of the tnealie trade to a single 

 r. The causes of the insurrection Sir Richard 

 Martin believed to have been the fact that the Mata- 

 had never been thoroughly subdued in con- 

 junction with labor and cattle regulation- and the 

 rindcr|M**t and forcible slaughter of cattle, while 

 the withdrawal of the police by Dr. Jameson afford- 

 ed t he opportunity. At the close of the war of 1893 

 scarcely any arms were surrendered to the Govern- 

 ment: most ..f th.-m were buried by the natives with 

 a view to utilizing them again in* the endeavor to 

 reassert their independence as soon as a favorable 

 opportunity presented iteelf. After the war . 

 certain of the chiefs agreed to supply labor, but 

 soon ceased to do so, and the Government, finding 



:T. introduced the practice of 

 thf natives and carrying them on to labor in the 

 mines, which t.. t!,.- Matabele. a wild and unbroken 

 people, seemed nothing less than slavery. The na- 

 tive police were guilty of many acts of cruelty and 

 extortion. The officials were in some cases too 

 xperieneed for th- important posU 

 held, and men not calculated to inspire the 

 natives with respect for themselves or the Oovern- 

 repre*ented. A large sex-lion of t|,.. 

 Matabele i I at oppo natives, wboae 



fj playel an important part throughout th< 

 rebellion, were not dealt with at all in 1803, and 

 >f 1898 might be considered, so far 

 as they were concerned, a continuation of the war 

 rather than a rebellion. 



The company agreed in isn-l to return to the 



. ;! MilVicient for their needs, but tin 

 never done. Instead of this t he stalT of nat i\ e coiu- 

 and |Nili< d for the purp- 



ut the system of compulsor\ labor. 

 and 'brand' - l.-n^ini: t" the n'atives, 1 . 



forcing natives into the >er\ ice of the 



\vhit.-N or compelling the chiefs to furnish lab 

 Whenever a native commi i..ncr went to one of the 

 tii'l'inn* ami said that a certain number <>l men 



required at a g|\ni place, the chief \\a- ' 



jiire the men to go. and i 



their homes and compelled to go and to \\.. 

 wages in the fixing <>f \\hirh they had no \ 



The chiefs \vho took part in t'he n-ln-llion of 

 were thoroughly conquered, and not likely . \ 

 contend against Maxim guns again. Not onls -lid 



, -e heavily in men killed, wounded, and taken 



I -ut their kraals were burned and i 

 all their grain and cattle carried off or 

 so that they were left on the Verge of 

 and their people only saved from famine 1 

 bounty of their victors. 



In Mashonaland the r. com- 



pletcly subdued. The police i.atn.lled the country, 



ling those who attacked friendlier or \\ 



In- end of .lanuar; 



and burned the kraal of the chief S.-ka. W!IOM- i 

 lied to inaccessible caves. In t he beginning : 

 more active ofHTations were uiidi-rtaU.-n. Shai 



,-hold, which the Matabele had alwa\s failed 

 to take in their raids airainst the Ma-h-'iuis. was 



captured by C.il. il- . When the rebels 



were cleared from the plains the tn>,.|,s ), ;i d to hunt 

 them out of the caves in the hills, whence they de- 

 srendcd to lift cattle and destroy rrop>. The t 

 continental telegraph wii rn d..\vn I 



c.HiV. rted into bullets. The troops establish. 



Ions and built forts round the hills, as was ,I,,MC in 

 Matabeleland. and demolished the caves \\ it h cxplo- 

 On.Iuly 10 Chicumba's kraal, on the I'livani 

 river was captured, ami the remaining rebels lied 

 from this district. In the vicinity of l-'..rt Charter 

 lighting still went on. The Matabele al Marandelhi 

 ro8e,but were soon su|>j>ressed. Sir Richard Martin 

 took command of operations against Ma-hingombi, 

 whose kraal was taken bv a combinc.l movement of 

 police and hussars on July 'J."i. The Hartley di-i ri-t 

 was cleared and the rebels fnkkul northward \<>- 

 \\ard the Xambesj. It was supposed that the S 

 beli-. though generally ijuiet tnemselves, incited the 

 M ashonas to rise. After some mori light- 



ing the rebellion exhausted itself early in September, 

 when most of the reln-l chiefs offered to surrender, 

 and all were evidently anxious for peace. They 

 were given to understand t fiat they would be t n 

 leniently if they surrendered promptly and gave up 

 their guns. 



Portiiirnese possessions. The Portuguese pos- 

 sessions in Africa south of the c<|iiatr are reduced 

 by tin- A;;. arrangement of .Tun- 11, 



1^*1. t- Angola and lleiiguela. "ii the v 

 with Ambrix. Mossamedes. and Portuguese r 

 having a total estimated area of -I^T.-VK) - 

 milesand 2.000.000 inhabitants, and Port 

 Africa, comprising the provinces <,f Mo/ambijue 

 and I ics. which have an estii 



area of 261.7<x> square miles liw \ a population of 

 1.500,000. In Angola, which had in 1895 a rev 



'i:t4,800 milreis, and expei, ',;? milreis. 



the imports amount t. 'J.^T'MiOO milrei- and the 

 exports to 3,250.000 inilrei-. Then- an- IMI miles 

 of railrrls in operation, and 'J:{0 miles ni"i 

 partly built. The length of telegraph liru 

 miles. The boundary between Angola an 

 British sphere in Central Africa is the w 

 limit of the Barotse kingdom. This kingdom is 



