

warning of their intention to at tack the town fr..m 

 Akrotiri. Tot Admiral Canevaro i 



reply -lie insurgent leader- i.. under 



that* the foreign war hij* would interim- at the 

 first sign of an nttm-li. In -pile -f the warnings of 

 the foreign ad mint - and hi- soldiers 



took the offensive ami mtn.-k.--l the Turki-h ..ut- 

 DOSts at IMatanin. which wen .in\.-n back toward 



:ii desisted when fired ,,. 



a ship of the foreign fleet. On 1-Vb. i: the Greek 

 hips were permitted to land large supplies ,,f pro- 

 visions, both for the pillar f-rcc at Platania and 

 te insurgents at Akn>tiri. the members of both 



.::..-. The Turki-h 



-nut Huk..li.-. with the Mussulman families 

 that had taken re, were attacked on 



Hoops with artillery. The fort was 

 ! U-fore the garrison of r>< men aban- 

 id n-tn-at.nl to Alikiano, when- they were 

 sharply attacked and surrounded once n 

 snlmans in Canea, alt hough the Turki-h authoriti<-s 

 forbidden to distribute arms, received Martini 

 rifle* and went out to relieve them. A column of 

 500 Turki ] :!ars was held in 



.'HI (retails in a defile until a battalion of 

 infantry and a company of rifles sent by < '..I. Vassos 

 came up. The Turks made a desperate defense, but 

 were defeated by the Greek troops and pursued 

 almost to Canea, losing 50 killed. In these opera- 

 tions the Greeks gained possession of the castles of 

 Livadia, Monodem In .11. Anempali.and Aya. Their 

 were 4 officers, 18 soldiers, and 100 Cretan 



< 'hri-t ian insurgents having advanced against 

 the t..wn in the face of solemn warning-, tl 

 miral- -f the foreign hYct, >n Feb. ,'. vi>iti-d Co]. 

 Vassos and summoned the OOOUBailcKeroi tin- (iivck 

 war ship * Na\aivho- Miauli-"in order to r 

 their warning that if the (ireek troops or the in- 

 surgents approached to attack Canea the fleet would 

 them. The Greek naval commander would 

 not accept anv message for the insurgents. Col. 

 Vassos replied that he did not intend to attack 

 he flags of the powers. Notwithstanding 

 he insurgent-, who had annoum-ed 

 their intention of occupying the heights over llalepa 

 and warned the foreign consuls to leave that village, 

 advanced on the position. The first lighting took 

 place on the hills east of the town on Feb. 'Jl. where 

 - attacked the Mussulmans and 

 drivini; them out of their {Kisitions. The 

 ians raised the Greek flag on the crest of a 

 hill in plain view of the ships and began firing 

 njN.n the Turkish fort and into the town. The 

 admiral of the united fleet then signaled the vessels 

 at that end of the line, which were three F.nglish 

 hips, and one vessel ea< -h from the German, Italian, 

 and Russian squadrons, and they promptly < ; 

 fire on the Cretan position. After the Brit'ish ships 

 had fired 40 shells and the others aUut :;o the in- 

 surgent*, whose position had become untenable, 

 hauled down the Greek flag. The firing, which had 

 lasted ten minutes, then immediately ceased at a 

 signal from Admiral Can-van.. Thereupon the 

 Greek flag wa* again hoisted, and the ( - 

 more showed themselves in full force on the r 



.,on- busy removing their wounded than 

 in replying to the fire of the Mussulmans, wh- 

 emboldened and encoura- assistance of t he 



fleet, began a lively fusillade on the Cretjit 

 During the bombardment the Greek dispatch boat 

 'Pemeio*" opened fire upon a Turkish frigate, 

 which returned the shots, but when the fort fired 

 at the Greek vessel using blank cart rid <^ only. 

 the latter withdrew. The Turkish losMtinthevan- 

 ous engagements amounted to 500 killed, wounded, 



and missing, and I 1 The insurgent 



forces that at: I'liimanded by 



uid had r. k troops >.-at'- 



in their rank^. They a 



h in a soldierlike fashion, using all the stn 

 necessary in that ru^ed c.'un trd againsi 



surprise's. The Turk-, seeing thai the lie. MS ,]{,! n,,t 

 .M of their small for.-.- t<. meet the 

 insurgents after the latter had fin-d upon the out- 

 post* a nd driven them in. In the skinni-hiiiL' of 

 t he out | K.sts they showed to less advantage ih:.n the 

 insurgents. The attack in force was D. 



,1 the fo! ,. but the na\al 



commander- determined to n. .rding 



to their threat. The war shi|>-. -\tendei I in a Imi^ 

 line, tin-d methodically .nc after the other. The 

 in-uru'ent-. who had taken the necessary pr 



. retired rapidly into the <ldil, - an<l ravines as 

 iiibardme; - nothing 



in -i_'h! but their abandoned camp-, at \\hidi I he 

 gunners of the dilT.-ri n: . mu r with 



other, made excellent practice. flrUlg at the posi- 

 tions rather than at : men, so that all the 

 casualties occurred in the fir-t two or three cannon 

 shots, when the in-ur^ r en1s. taken by surprise, had 



not yet made up their mind that the'b lianlmeiit 



was'serious. Alioul !."<) men were hit ly the bur-1- 

 ini: shells. A few of these fell in the town of 



i. making wreck of whole itreets. 'The French 

 and Italian vessels were at the farther end of the 

 line, so that the order to <-ea-c firing was . 

 before the turn came to them to fire. The Greek 

 ollicial report >f the action admitted that the 

 insurgents took possession of the height > above 

 I lalena, but asserted that firing' then began from 

 the Turkish bastions and outposts and from the 

 Turkish man-of-war in Suda Hay. and that when 

 the insurgents replied the foreign fleet ojiened fire 

 and did not .-ease till more than Km shells had 

 been thrown into the insurgent po-i- 



The foreign admirals on Feb. ,'."> issued a procla- 

 mation extending the /.one undi-r the protection of 

 the powers to the plain about Canea and to Suda, 

 and warning both Christians and Mohammedans 

 that any acts of hostility within this area would 

 be suppn- rce. The foreign war ship- n<. 



longer permitte.Uirerk expedition- to land in < 

 and even stopped the victualing of the t r...p- and 

 insurgents froii. No communications wew 



allowed between the (lir.k war vessels and Col. 

 TiMBOs. The Chri-tian- at S. lino \s,- r e finally com- 

 jM-lled to jx-rmit the departure of the besieged 

 lemsand their families, and the foreign war -hips in 

 the harbor took the fugitive- on board. In like 

 manner an Italian cruiser compelled under threat 

 of bombardment the Mo-lems of Ilierapi-t ra to n-- 

 l.-a-e the Christian- that they held as hostages to 

 save their town from hem-: attacked by the jn-ur- 

 !n Canea the K.nak. ..r nt jialace, 



was burned bv incemlisiri.- 00 I ' b. 25. 



< n Fell. tjCi serious fi^htiiiLT took place at Vri-ina. 

 near Retiino, when- tin Moslems were forced to n- 

 tn-at. leaving the ir rs of the field. 



There was a sharp fij:ht at Malaxa. which the Turk- 

 from Canea -u-ce-ded in re\ ictualiiiL' with a loss of 

 11 killed and 10 wounded. An insurgent cordon of 

 bVXKl men surrouixi .u hour distant. The 



chiefs assured t he captain- <f t he war ships t hat they 

 would abstain from attacking the city for th. 



cut. Another toroe, 0,000 strong, threatened Iliera- 

 which Col. Korakas led an attack 

 with time puns. Fn-h fighting oooniTed out-ideof 

 Ib-raklioji. when- the Mohammedans were repelled 

 by the Ch tuent }>y Korakas of 



this town, now containing 'J.").fK>0 persons, counting 

 the regular Mohaminedan population and the refu- 

 gees, was complete, and large numbers of refugees 



