

M 







tr in Krliruary. IKK* 



iit. 

 ultan 

 i with aootber 



Mttr'afj 

 ' Hritain aii. i 



ttfle> 



I. 1891. the S.i 

 rer was ceded to Italy by 



year Italian official 



B seaporta, The ad- 



AM granted "i 



A Co. far three year*. A 



Pradnrtlon.~Tbe 



A DO 



r ymw, one h 



'<! 



drflnr* iin- bouif. 



maliland. 



R, A republic in South America. The 

 Uts of A Senate an- 1 < 



' 



wo yram by 



ninm ae to read tui<l wrt(<<. 

 000 Of t!.. |Mij.iilittion. niiin- 

 . who*r l-rm j- f,,i,r yt-ars, is 



M thr beginning 



.1. Roblw; !.,-,.. r. r. 

 -ka. D. 

 V. Govgotena; 



Area and Po|nil.iti->n , r ha an area of 



n thr 



Mirnl of thr difficulty having been a 

 u in \*M. iift.-r it wiw v,- i,y thr 



in Congress, which consequently canceled 



be population of t|;, 

 itetl at 1.271^61, of whom onlv aU>ut 

 tie 800,000 



1 1, hafl about HO.- 



mpulaorr. There are 1,088 primary school 



1 



tl mm res has 



IMtomi in i 



then no complete statement of thr 



n |tiili!i%hrd. Thr ns 

 xns in 1894 were 3,102.340 sucres; in 1W, 

 i 24MO.OOO sucres. About 70 j 

 me comes from thissotir 

 i duties on cacao, rum. and tobacco an 

 tax. 6 per -,-nt. fn.m monopolies of salt ami 

 from railroads, the post 

 mi 1 rxriM- duties. 



i-t was scaled down to 750.000 in 

 1899, and a furthrr n <lu< mine was 



made in 1804. but it was upset in 1898. when the 



e bondholders hn.l g 

 MH'Hilnl pnyiiii-nto tN-n.ling a more ad- 



my and Navy. The reirtilar am 

 Ecuador has A and 



n artill. 



.^Irr. 



;anl ii ,-? 



naval fonv con<.iTt of 1 torpmlo launch 

 ami 1 tninv: J iwn . 



xxxvn. 19 A 



'" fSTSwdll L wtd5r4i!uto!&4k. 



irn. Irad. |rtfol*-utn, i-i -.- a?. ' 

 The import* consist main I r of cotton foods and 



'--. v ' . - . 



\.MI.-.ll. ..I, - ..,...' 



SI < uuN9i ' V.'.;T'V " 



-"-- ' - - ' 



..,>.. f i -., 



of hl.h 



a tons, foreign; and 



.HW.474i,.f,..ri,irr.,|.,,f whi.h ni.-f If.iin 



tkmalitiea, and cleared IS9 rt earners, of 997JM9 



CommunlratlaM. Thrre are 17 



rx-uadorian steamboats plying on the rivers. The 



railroad is one from huran to Chimbo. 19 



! ' :1 i-.: ' 



'1.344595 papers, etc. The internal traffic 

 amounts to About 820.000 letter* a year. 



I MI. .. and Legislation. Since the ad rent of 

 Alfaro to the presidency be has been 

 obliged to mtiintain an altitude of constant vigi- 

 lance toward thr Conservatives and their aeclrnamv 

 xupporters of the Jesuit and othrr 

 - which hare exercfoed a dominant influence 

 it ir- for tlurt r rears or more. The Indians, 

 who hare been bela in practical bondage, and who 

 (icn. Alfa iution of 1895. 



bald in January. 1897, whan Gen. Alfaro was elect- 



pnn.r ( that time a formidable 



lie overthrow of the existing Gov- 

 All revolution^ 



,709 eminent wa 



ppreneoded. 



tempts of the Conservatives rely on the financial 

 and influential religions 



bodies. Arms wart imported from Franca and col- 

 i at a point in Colombia near the frontier. 



Pasto, in tntObloaibian department tiff 'aura. Gen. 



Plutarco Bowen. who was aU-de-csuap to Gen. Boy 

 Alfor rotation of IH96 and was con- 



damned to death for treason, his sentenca being 

 sub*. -mmitrd to c&ile, arrived 



bia in the beginning of April with the intention of 

 invading Bcoador at the bead of a 

 annr. The 



.^ were exiled fn-m 



liamba. was arrm 



U nl of a gunboat, where be vat offered the aJu-r- 



nattre of going abroad or remaining in Guayaquil 



. r . t! 



The Conxma aathoriaed the Kxerut ire to raise 

 ln of tA.000.000 to advance the rno*truHinci of 

 the Southern Kailwar. which an American ivndi- 



,,t, .,M.i.-rt...k tobu. \ . - 



ant h.^iied for tbc purple of paying off the inter- 



