KtJYPT. 



E4i PT, principalitr in northern Africa, tribu- 

 tary to Turkey. The GowtnUMDl is an al- 



liy. hen-ditarv ID tin- or l.-r of primogeniture 



in the dynasty founded by Mrhnm-t Ali in 1MI. 

 The monarch bear* the title of Khedne. -r \ '> 

 conferred by the Sultan in 1*17. The i, i-iun- 



ive is Abbe* Milmi. U.rn July 14. IV I. 

 Mehcmot Tewflk, whom be succeed, -d ..n .Ian. 7, 

 I- ,j ., ....... .. ...... f,,, m ,| 1( . 



mi >n March 36, 1808. Si- < <).. s,,ppr. 

 of tli. military revolt ..f 1M88 KgYpt has 1 



The Khedive appoint* an 



:. who has a scat in tin* 



itom ami \eto any Hnan- 



Tuo jK.jMilar legislative bodies 



ertabluhcd at the beginning of tl w llriti-h c<>ntrul. 



, ! . . ; .,.! - li . lc<| a:i.l half 



iMtcti. which has the ri:;ht t" examine all pro- 

 posed general laws and offer advice to the Ki 

 regarding them, ami the LeirNat ive A inbly, 

 i meets once in two years and has tin i i-ht to 

 veto any new direct personal >r land ta\. The 

 Cabinet in office at th. U^-inning of 1S!>7 wits com- 

 posed as follow-: Prime .Minister and Mini-ler of 



I istapha Fehrni 



War and Marine. Mohammed Aliani Pa-ha ; Minis- 

 rksand Kdueation. llu .-in Fakhry 

 Pasha; Mini-tor of Foreign Affair-. Hutros (ihali 

 Pasha: Minister of Finance, Ahmet .Ma/.luin Pasha; 

 Minister of .1 nstice, Il>rahiin Fuad Pasha. 



|JTM ami Population. Previous to the evac- 

 uation of t i. in .lannary, IHNJi. Kjrypt had 

 an area of 1.420,530 square miles. containing 17.- 

 500,000 inhabitants, \Sithinr limits the 

 area is 400,000 square miles, not counting the re- 

 conquered province of Dongola. The Nile valley 

 and delta, constituting the inhabited portion of 

 Egypt proper, have an area of only 12.976 square 

 raifes, of which 8,750 are covered by canals, roads, 

 lakes, marshes, and desert. The estimated popula- 

 rypt in 1894 was 7,739,000, of whom 7,366,- 

 400 were Kgvptiansand Nubia- ' -edt-ntary 

 Arabs, 2J6.000 Bedouin Arabs, and 110,400 foreign- 

 era. In respect of religion the population was di- 

 jm Mohammedans, 475,000 Copts, 

 154,000 other Chn-tians and :5().s()() .lews and others. 

 The estimated population of Cairo, the capital, was 

 430.000; of Alexandriii the chief part. S.VMliM). 

 There were about 9.000 schools in 18!>.~>, with 11,000 

 teachers and 17<>.o*> pupiN. 



A census taken oti .Iniu- 1, 1897, shows the pres- 

 ent population of I-:-vpt to number 9,700,000. an 

 increase of 43 per cent, as compared with the inac- 

 curate census of 1882. The population i 

 to have grown threefold - l s >~> and in -w sur- 

 passes the figures given by the aneients for the 

 nnlmy peri'd *f Kameses. Kuropenn natimialities 

 nave greatly increased, with ih.- <x<-*-ption ,,f the 

 Greeks, whose diminished numbers in the prov- 

 inces is regarded with satisfaction, they being the, 

 chief usurers and Uouor-Mllem 



\ inanepH. The international eommission of liq- 

 uidation i'iYif-1 by the li'.- Kh" liv l-mail to 

 reconstruct the Egyptian finances in 18HO estimated 



the f<, : a year (1 i 



tian pound -t4.94). of w) 



signed !> the Wvice of the debt, and I i.. : 



888 to the Government, The annual chan-.- ..f t| M . 



<geil and unifio I d-b-s WJI.H t:s. J-Jl.lo i 



\ nw guaranteed loan ..f f.(KK).000 was 

 issued in 1885. requiring a fixed nnnmil payment of 



f>. Th privileged debt and the loans guar- 

 anteed on the l>aira Sanieh eMate and the k'hcdi- 

 vial domains were converted into a new priv 

 loan i at 91 for 100 of the old d.-bt. 



ami paying 8} instead of 5 per cent. The Mouka- 

 balah, or internal debt, was scaled down by the 



debt rommiioners toa lix.'.l annuity of l'ir.0.000, 

 to be paid until l'.i:;o. and then to cease. This and 

 the Tiirki>h tribute ol I'M. Mi. the interest on the 

 il shares held l>\ the Kniji-li (io\ern- 

 ment. and l"!4.(NM) for the Dai I were to be 



paid out of revenue a-si^'lied t. the ( io\ eminent. 



Thi ..mi.- ..1 !h. Ki;\ptian ( io\ rninent 



in IMM; . , ndi- 



I HIV lea\iii- a Mir|iluM.f I K. ::Hi.- 



(MK>. In ,~ -iinted l, ' 



: wnt i.. the reserve lund 



of the Cai>sede la I' \(t t., t I,,- s| 



i.| of the ln.\erninenl. and I 

 -iteil in the < 'aie de la I>et te a 

 amount of the economy from > : an>. 



Tin- lunl of economies from e.,n\, r-i.-n- amounted 

 to tl>v;.o;o ai tin- beginning 

 reserve fund t> : and tin 



serve fund to I I-:. 171. II I. The bud- 

 makes the total revenue J I-]. HI.!!'. A hi, -h 



I'.l are d< rived from the hue. 



130,(MM> from other diivc- '.; II from 



custom-. J i:. iJMM'.o(K) from i 



from octr iroin the salt duty, 



I B, 87,1 - from li-. 

 i dues, t E, 



I.-KMKMI from railroads, E i:. it.m-j i,,,,,, 

 :-aphs, I In. 111 the port of 



nmhv Horn ntln-r |.. I'.M.- 



IMIII the po>t ollice and po>tal | a< -ki-t-. 

 n li-htl ..... < a, '- 1.. 0,154 Jr.. m tl.. 

 assay office. G I from the 



; from various administrative depart i. 

 Mition iroin inilit;. 



J E. 25,641 from interest on . 



from <Jovernm'nt pro|>eri\. L I-;. 18,889 fn.in Sua- 

 kin, and t! K. .V.J.4M7 from de(lu-ti<.n from sa] 

 for the Pension fund. 



The total expenditure for the financial 

 was estimated at E. 10,492,307, of whiel, 

 260,370 is for the Khedive's civil li-t. <J I-!. 4.074 for 

 the Council of Ministers. <J K. S.4^2 for the ! 

 lative Council, f K. 11.401 for the Ministry ol 

 r the Ministn f l-'ii 



17 for the Ministry of Public' Instruction, 

 'J 1 ::;!(;.(;::{ f,, r the Mini-try of the Int.-rioi. 



'- ;<) fr the Ministry <>t .Insti. 

 for the Ministry <-f Public Worl a, : E. : 

 general expenses of the mini-: ~>n f ( ,r 



provincial administ ration-. I! I.. Ji.'.'l^ 

 lion of ni-toms. *J B. 80,524 for the n.ast -uard, 



. for the colh-ction of octrois, I i 

 r ccillecjini: the salt dut\ B7 fr 



collectitii,' iishery di. ilection of 



i:a\ iir.'it ion <ln- '. <17 f--r expenses of the 



railroads. . ; for i.peratinir tin- ' 



J E.88,718 for the port ..f Alexandria. 

 for other port*. ' the post < 



H for the khedmal packet boats. '. 

 for light h- : for the a-say oil!. , 



406.80S for the Mini-try of War. J I r the 



-es of the llriti-h army of . '. I.. 



7 for the administration of Snakin. : !: i "-... 

 504 for th. 



|..r the Turkish tribute, 



! f,,r th.- haira Kh; 158.846 for 



the Moukabalah del ' -1 ex- 



.'.'i:,l f,, r the domain- d.-ficii. 

 .' for expeiiM^ of the Cai-- de la iMt- . 

 for the ser\ ice of the guaranteed loan. I'l.- 



;:. for the preference deb'. P the 



unified d> .'.".';. MO for suppreion of the 



;..r un for 



\ from con\crsioii of the privileged 

 debt, and ' <-rnment share of re- 



ceipts in excess of expenditure. 



The ordinary revenue of the Government in 



