

Ih'AL !' - IN' 1897. 



loss of our provisions we wen- tun; 



twenty-five and ill ret* (mirth* 



and in that time covered 48 miles, completing the 



In the rour*. Mr. Jackson h- 



a nu*t interesting ftOfnpbiod pi-.-blem. f 

 nly determined n,, a-!> ->f I 



Land, hnhert- it he 



was also at ' tin* pr 



thk much 



,v.-.| Und 



in the lu.i.it of putting it. 

 joun 



by Mr. 

 mpletod the map of what ma\ 



!. The main points of 

 \olmioni/ed all old 

 id. for Mr. Jacksoi 

 away a continental mass of land, and in its 



stead placed a vat numb.-r of -mall Maud-: 

 where lofty mountains were supposed to b. 



und the long, ridged hummocks of 

 . : and. mo-t curiously of all. per- 



ireaf he .b 



n -ea which is at present the m-.-t 

 northerly open sea in the whole world. It has 



n Victoria 



other discoveries in the vicinity of Franx Josef 

 : are reported in the Dundee - Advertiser" as 

 havin 'ii. of the Dun- 



dee w | the south 



al inlands 



which had not been mapped either by Leigh Smith 

 or Jackson. The largest of these was about half a 

 mile long. It was visited in a boat by the first mate. 

 who planted a pole, upon which was carved the 

 name of the whaler, and thus, in all likelihood, it 

 will be christened by those responsible for such 

 l-'ranz Josef Land and Spitx- 

 bergen. in latitude 79, the charts show two islands 

 :i are said to have been discovered by Cants. 

 Johannesen and Andreassen in Augu-t. ix*4. The 

 - Bal.vna's " homewanl course lay to\\ 

 islands, but instead of land in the 'locality in ques- 

 tion then- was found to be 100 fathoms of water, so 

 that the existence of the i-land- must either he erro- 

 neous or they have since been engulfed, ('apt. L'ob- 

 rt*on describes the seen mz Josef Land 



as rery wild and romantic." Highland, broken at 

 frequent intervals by great glaciers, meets the eye 

 on every hand, but the country is not so bleak "in 

 .miner months as one might imagine. Then- 

 is plenty of grass and gnat variety of mosses and 



plants. Of bird life there is abun<; 



i-tst plentiful secies being the I.M.H. The 



->f the water* were walrus, the pur- 



f which ! iJolH-rtson to these far-off 



rarioi wen- found congregated in little 



colonies on the ice, and were dispatched with the 



balloon voyage of Salamon August Andree to 

 th- |-ilar regions, which was originally planned to 

 begin in 1896. but was DO- ,,unt 



of unfavorable climatic conditions the former 

 has awakened the greatest interest, an<l t id i n -- fro,,, 

 him hare been watched for with anxiety tin 

 out tl re -en ing" out 



e had hi-* Iwlloon enlar-'-d in Paris, making 



in round 



numbers, of :,.ON cubic metres. The "expedition 

 left Gothenburg, May 1*. f., r Dane>' inland, north 



re the balloon was n 

 and filled with hydrogen, the filling .upyin- 



IP*. <*u Julv 1 1. th- wind 

 dle. Her- panied by 



-trindbergand Knut II. F. Fraenkel. W 

 asked when news from him miirht b. looked for, 



llerr An . ' \ fore three 



mom ne year perhap- 



elaps. from u-. and \.'.u m.-i 



day !. f ,.iii- arris ai -.>m,'\\ hen-. 



A lid if no; h.-ar from u- otlu-r> will 



follow until the unknown 



rth have I 



from an arliel.- in i)n> 



iber, ! s '.;. i-\ .i.inas 



Stad was with the ball i*|- at' Spit/- 



bergen. He says further: "In the month of Janu- 



fiolm dailv 



tolibladet " bought I' 



Holland, and -M'li! them t,. lh.- im>-t northern 

 hou-e in the world. Fruholn 



latitude ;: ke|,| 



until ted from Trom^"-- on .lune 



1 t. I^'.M;. Th. 



.iid no time for training a new stock, which 



would have tak.-n two or three \,-a- ucccs* 



sary to use pigeon- from another country. During 

 April and May. when both day and niifht h.i 

 come li^li!. \\ ith 



men and whalers out into tip- polar -.-a. and 

 then set free. Several flew south; one ..f these was, 



of the -tart in*.: point. The p; i( hail laid 



eggs at their new home alnio-t invariab. 



About ei-hty that thus seemed 'to |. 

 home in N W selected and sent la- 1 



with the expedition to S|iil/bi-rp-n. A la r-v num- 

 ber of the -ent up at difTereiit times 



from Spitzbergen, and all, exec jt three which >ia\ed, 



'iiM hi^'h. and then x.iith. None. ho.\ 

 were ca | it u red in Norway: but carrier pip-on- 



i-otli in northern Norway and in Swed. 

 - corresponding with the flight of the Spitx- 



n messengers. On our return in ISJM; from 

 Spit/herp-n to Troin-oe the remainin;; carr 



. which had thriven admirably in the polar 

 regions, were left in the la-t-named town during 

 the past winter: ami thirty of tie and 



best were sent back this summer with the balloon, 

 bein^ lodged in small two-storied baskets fa- 1 

 under the balloon al>ove the stores. It i 

 very doubtful whether the-e can. - will 



'ach inhabited parts of the ^lohe. bin t hey 

 might alight on vessels in the an-tic seas." 



Keports have come from time to time of the tak- 

 ing of pigeons supposed to be from Amln'e. but 

 some or them seem to have been fnun amoiii: a 

 large number of birds released by pigeon-flying 

 associations in the vicinity of Heligoland. A p 

 sh< .t by one of the crew of a sealing vessel 

 previous to Julv 22, was reported to have can 

 message, signed by Andree, addressed to the Af- 

 tonbl kholm. and reading: "Kight_. 



es passed. Good journey northward." Still 

 another pigeon dispatch was brought to Hammer- 

 by a whaling ship, reading: ".In! 

 P.M., latitude 82 2 north, longitude I 

 Good voyage eastward. All well." A- the lir-t 

 three days were expected to be the most dam: 

 this dispatch was regarded as auguring well for the 

 success of the expedition. It indicated that n 



E" hid gone across the open -ea north of Spitx- 

 n in safety and reached the be^innin- of the 

 ice. There were also reiM.rt- that the balloon 

 had been seen, but none of them gained cred< 

 TiiemoM probable of theae WM one that it had been 

 seen bv Inhabitant* of a village in the di-trict of 

 Jeneser-k. in arctic Ku--ia. on the n . 



-hipwrecked Bailor- reported that they had 

 mysterioi 



hammands ish-s west of Spitxbcrgcn. and tin 

 ldi-h-brown object on tie 

 mile from land. They were unable to go to see what 



