720 I;M.\N CATHOLIC OHUB n. 



Knl'M AM \. 



lengthy stay a In all thcx> matt- 



most ant i ' .' of Pob. 



seff, who was a champion of a Ku-i:.. v .;. l>\ wln.-li 



Finland and the (at holies of 

 Poland were equally ' stem that 



n of U. tli relic. 

 su it/ei lam). The r-urth Internationals 



itholics wa> held at Freiluirg 



about the middle of August, and wa- attended by 



some 7X jnemb.-r. fn-m all parts of KurojH- and 



1'he third centenary of the 



death of blewr : - celebrated in 



that 



the JM !.-tUrs; at the same time an . 



lical letter to the hishp Hand. Austria. 



and (ii-rmatiy was n which the 



Father urged* again the principles and methods of 

 Qatholie education. 



SpalB. The moM notable ., . nt of 



mmunication of the Mini-tcr 

 by the Mishop ..f Majorca for th< 

 flscat. :ing to th. 



V.uch : the 

 il authorities. After -.me n. 



\ as amicably settled. 



Italy. The relation's of the II. -ly See with the 

 Italia -ueiit did not substantially change 



in the year l s '.'7. The prohibition to Cat hoi: 

 vote in state . \t maintained by a rej.eti- 



M..US papal advice. Several con- 

 gresses of a particular or general character were 

 held in pursuance of Catholic int.: nice, 



id elsewhere in Italy. This work of 



bed the 



serious attention of the Italian (invernnient. which 



issued late in the fall a scries of circul., 



pressive nature. During the year the fifteenth 



Mary of St. Ambrose was celebrated at Milan. 



and a colossal statue wa- ,-a to 



the great Franciscan th : it tire. 



Foreign >I ivUons. In China the church in 



-in was formally dedicated, in the pr. 

 of Frendi olVi.-ials and Chinese mandarins. This 

 was taken as an official reparation of the cruel 

 massacre perpetuated in 1*7<>. whereby several 

 tiaries and sifters lost their lives. 

 together with many native Catholics. The murder 

 of two German mi--i<>n;i' 'iiinese mob led 



to a demand for indemnity ..n the part of th. 

 man Kmperor. which ended in the seizure and r- 

 i by the lo-rman authorities of an important 

 port and > - rritory. 



The notable events of the year in .Japan were the 



I ..' 9< '...:. .. -j.'.t famous 



in the Catholic hi-tr\ .f Japan. <>f the Church of 



the Twent\ ;\ Mart\rs at Nagasaki, and of the 



ital of 'Osaka, 



In Turkey during the Tur- War the 



Pope interfered with ^iKress at Constantinople for 

 the protection of Catholic and other Greeks in 

 that 



lie missions j n Madagascar increased 

 rapidly under the pp.t.-.-;i..n ol 



There were in is;7 m Madagascar 61.464 

 Catholics, with 258,956 catechumens or persons 

 iring for baptism. 



sary of Foi 



sions at Parts it appears that in th con- 



trolled by that son is7 88,882 



adult baptisms and 172.716 baptisms of pagan chil- 

 rt of the I Prop- 



agati Faith si 1<(W , that in'l^HTthe sum 



of 517.113 francs was raiMnl for ? j.ur- 



poees. Similar assoc-iations existed in all pa: 

 the Catholic w. 



In general in 18fl7 the Cathr.lic Church had i:',.- 

 300 missions in foreign or pagan lands. Of these 



DOh, There w.-iv l.:.(M) In-other-, ilay- 

 menirn^a^ed ill the -am. p .' >()(! \\ ,, m ,'ii 



Wen OOOOpiad a- listers in these mi>-i..n-. and of 



: tlie 11!> priests 



murdered in these n. . \v. r l-'rendi. whi-h 



is eOUivalelit to sji\ in^ t hat !li> ::iissionsof 



urch were chictl\ earrieil on l.y the 



IHM >I\N|\. a nioiiarcliN in ca-trrn I-j. 

 The le-j-: \e>tJ-I in a Senate of PJO 



menu liold- 



:i\ld.-d into two olajne, and a Chain! 

 Deputies containing is:: menu i f-i f,.ur 



years bv all the |>eople wli -. ii\ ulni into 



electoral :-n is 



I. a prince of Elohenzoilern-Sigmar 

 who was elected I>"iiwi <>f K'oiimania >n Api 



roelainied KII. M, I S M. 



The ministry at the be^innin^ I made up 



as fol -ideiit of the Coiim-il and M: 



_ri<-ulture. Commerce. Indust r\ . and l>.i: 

 M. Auivliaii: Minister of .Instj.-c. M. I'lieiidre: 

 Minister of Public Instruction and Worship. M. 



1 \\';ir. (ien. ( !, p.iidis 1 - 



Minister of l-Wei^n All Min- 



ister of l-'inan ' aiitacii/iin. : Mini-- 



the Interior, M. Lascar; Minister of Public \\ 

 M. Porum 



\rca and I'opiilal ion. Koiimania I 



-juare miles, with a populati<.n n 

 cemlH-r. ISM. -f .". 11 T.-J lit. The number of mar- 



3 16 ;;.:; ,,f bin ; : of 



deaths, li;.: ,-xs ,,f births. (>(>:>>>. i'.ncha- 



he capital, had ^^.(Kl!) inhabitants in 1894. 

 linaiices. The revenue in 



lei, or francs, and (| M . expenditure '.; lei, 



leaving a defu-it of i ei. The bud-- 



'.nancial \ear IN'.H makes the n-venn- 



'<> lei, of which .lire.' 



lei. indirect taxes I'd. Kin. bate mon<.po]ies 



:,(>.! TO.IMM) lei. domains -,>.">.:!S:!.(MMI lei. public p 



-.(MKMei. the Department of the Interior Kl.- 



lei. that of Fin:, >HN) lei. (I, 



War I.:IV;:..MK lei. that of F-.n-i-n Affair 1(50,000 

 lei, that of Worship and Instruction ^K.(KM) lei. 

 that ..f Justice 200,000 lei. and other sour.,- 11.- 

 "(I lei. The total expenditures are set down as 

 Jl.-.J.Vl.lMH) lei. of which . lei are for the 



service of the public debt. (;r,.."(M lei f,.r the Coun- 

 cil of Ministers. u.MG.s!s lei for the Department of 

 Domains. :.r, fj.OTo lei for that of Public \\ 

 18,510,787 lei for that of the Intern 927 lei 



for that of Finan- es, It. 1 1".:::;:, lei for that .-f War. 



isi lei for that of Foreign Afl -t.l.M 



lei for that of Worship and In-t met i,n. r,.i;i:;. l!r, 

 lei for that of .lust ice. and -M:'...")?:} lei fora fund for 

 supplementary ami extraordinary credits The pub- 

 lic debt .,n April 1, 1S!7. amounted to 1.. 

 lei. on which the annual char- lei 



The \rni\ and Navy. Military - .blig- 



ill Koumania'ns from iheap-of twenty- 

 one. The period of I, t he 

 colors ..r on leave, and two years in the n -erve. but 



ice in the permanent army must n. 

 ceed three years in the infantry, four years in the 

 territorial cavalry, or five year- in the territorial 

 infantry. There are four army c.,rps of two divi- 



a.-h.with a special division for the Dobrudja. 

 The ; f the permanent army ii 



WM*\889 nflieer-. :> > ss '-ivil employee-. ! )()" in i I it ary 



: >." rank and file, with :J!M) pi. 



field artillery and 11.7'J:! h-.r-s. The territorial 

 army numbered 70/J70 men. with T.'JOO horses. The 

 t.tai war cfTectivc j> :{.!}s ojlicers and 168,000 men, 

 with iW.iKU horses. 



The naval force comprises a deck-prot. 

 cruiser of 1,400 tons, a school-ship, an aviso, "> pin- 



