

ANGLICAN CHURCHES. 



ARCHAEOLOGY. 



13 



read a letter he had received from the Bishop of 



London, warning him against persistence in his 



sroceedings, and predicting their failure. Con- 



:erning his own course, the bishop wrote that he 



pas endeavoring by private exhortation to deal 



nth such irregularities or indiscretions as were 



brought before his notice in such a shape that he 



could deal with them. 



The Church Congress. The Church Congress 

 met at Bradford, Sept. 27. The Bishop of Ripon 

 presided, and delivered an opening address on " The 

 Opportunities, the Deeds, and the Characteristics 

 of the Age, the Condition of the Church of Eng- 

 land, and the Message of the Church." The regu- 

 lar proceedings of the Congress began with the 

 reading of a paper on " The Share of Yorkshire and 

 the Columban Mission in the Christianization of 

 England," by the Bishop of Bristol. The subject 

 of " The Mutual Relations of Clergy and Laity " 

 was treated under various aspects and as to various 

 periods ; historically by the Rev. Dr. Jessopp, and 

 with reference to the question whether any altera- 

 tions are needed in the relative positions to-day of 

 the clergy and the laity by Mr. Justice Grantham, 

 the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Mr. John Ken- 

 sit, who rebuked the clergy and the bishops and 

 archbishops for the prevalence of ritualism. Other 

 subjects discussed were " Sunday Observance " ; 

 " The Mission of the Church in Relation to Imperial 

 Policy " ; " The Church's Duty as regards Various 

 Aspects of Internal Affairs," such as (1) the respon- 

 ibilities of capital and labor : (a) for healthy con- 



ciety for the broadest toleration in ritual and sacer- 

 dotal doctrine, and by a meeting of the Church Con- 

 gress Evangelical Union, at which Sir John Kenna- 

 way presided, and, maintaining exactly opposite 

 views from Lord Halifax, spoke of the present tension 

 of the crisis through which the Church was passing. 

 Other addresses were made respecting the gravity 

 of the situation and the character and persistency 

 of the ritualistic movement ; a resolution was adopt- 

 ed inviting all loyal Churchmen " prepared to up- 

 hold in their integrity the principles of the Church 

 as received from apostolic times and authoritatively 

 set forth at the Reformation to unite in furtherance 

 of a memorial on the present crisis to be presented 

 to the archbishops " ; and a committee was appointed 

 to promote the objects of the meeting, with author- 

 ity to add to their number clergymen of other 

 schools of thought who are loyal to the Reformation 

 settlement. A united Christian meeting and con- 

 ference of all denominations was held after the close 

 of the Congress for the consideration of the subject 

 " The Message of the Christian Church to the Eng- 

 lish Nation, and its Outlook." The Dean of Ripon 

 presided. Addresses were made by the chairman, 

 the Rev. Dr. Glover, of Bristol, the Rev. W. L. 

 Watkinson (Wesleyan), Dean Farrar, the Rev. Dr. 

 Horton. and Mr. George Harwood, M. P. 



ARCHEOLOGY. Scotland. A Cranuog on 

 the Clyde. A crannog, or ancient lake dwelling, 

 of a very remarkable type discovered by Mr. W . A. 

 Donnelly on the Dumbrook foreshores of the ancient 

 Colquhoun County, on the banks of the river Clyde, 





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GENERAL VIEW OF THE SITE OF THE CRANNOG. 



ditions of labor, (b) moral and religious ; (2) co-oper- 

 ation : (a) general, (b) its rules and prospects ; " Church 

 Music : In Cathedral, Town, and Country " ; " The 

 Unrest of the Age, General, Intellectual, Social, and 

 Moral " ; " Gains from Recent Criticism : Gospels, 

 Acts, Epistles, and New Testament Apocrypha " ; 

 " How can the Church Congress be made more prac- 

 tically useful?" "The Message of the Church to 

 the Heart of Man " ; " The Devotional and Practi- 

 cal Use of Holy Scriptures " ; " The Church and the 

 World : 1, Interchange between Home and Foreign 

 Missionary Service ; 2, Evangelization of the World 

 in this Generation ; 3, Aboriginal Races ; 4, Revival 

 of the Missionary Spirit." 



The meeting of the Congress was preceded by a 

 meeting of the English Church Union, where Lord 

 Halifax presented the claims maintained by that so- 



has received much attention from British archa> 

 ologists on account of its being the first instance 

 recorded of such a structure on tidal waters. On 

 the advice of the eminent archaeologist Dr. Munro, 

 author of the book "Historic Problems," who recog- 

 nized the importance of the discovery at once, 

 careful and thorough excavations were undertaken, 

 with sittings of the refuse mound of the former 

 settlement, by Mr. Donnelly, with the help of the 

 Helensburgh Naturalist and Antiquarian Society. 

 The result of the work has made it plain that there 

 were design and execution in the building, with 

 occupation and habitation over a long period. 

 Positive evidence of fire is afforded in the shape of 

 numerous firestones and calcined embers, and 

 excellent indications of the condition of life at the 

 period in the implements, ornaments, and tools 



