32 



ASSOCIATIONS FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. (AMERICAN.) 



History and Characteristics of the Pear-Blight Ba- 

 cillus, 1 ' by Merton B. Waite; " Effect of Fertilizers 

 on the Germination of Seeds." by Gilbert II. Hicks; 

 Development of the Pollen Grain in Symplocarpus 

 anil Peltandra," by Benjamin M. Duggar; "The 

 Kmbryology of Taxus," by Elias J. Durand ; " Notes 

 on S<ime MoooootyWdonotU Embryo Sacs" and 

 "Studies Relative to the IVrigyniuin of the Genus 

 Cayex." I >y Karl M. Wiegand ; "Observations on 

 Soine Hybrids lietween Drosera intermedia and 

 Drottrnt 'ill if or mix" by John M. Mucfarlane ; "On 

 the Rapidity of Cironmnatation Movements in Re- 

 lation to Temperature," by E. Simons and R. E. B. 

 MeKenney: "General Characteristics of the Dune 

 Flora of Southeastern Virginia" and "Vegetation 

 of the Wooded Fresh-Water Swamps of Southeast- 

 ern Virginia." by Thomas H. Kearney, Jr.: "Notes 

 on Arctic Willows," by W. W. Rowlee; "Some 

 Steps in the Life History of Asters," by Edward S. 

 Burgess: "The Pleistocene and Plant Distribution 

 in Iowa," by T. II. Machridge; "A Self-registering 

 Transpiration Machine," by Edward B. Copeland ; 

 M. -i hmls of studying the Sap Pressure of the Sugar 

 Maple," by Lewis R. Jones : " The Seeds and Seed- 

 lings of Some Amcntifera?," by W. W. Rowlee and 

 George T. Hastings; "The Morphology and Taxo- 

 nomic Value of the Fruits of Grasses," by P. Bev- 

 eridge Kennedy ; ' The Caryopsis of the Graniniae " 

 and " The Ecological Distribution of Colorado and 

 Wyoming Plants," by L. H. Pammel; "Fertiliza- 

 tion of the Muskmelon Flower," " Notes on destroy- 

 ing Comptonia Asplenifolia," and " Length of Time 

 from Blossoming until Seed Development of Leu- 

 canthemum vulgare," by William Rane. 



H. Anthropology. The presiding officer of this 

 section was Prof. J. McKeen Cat-tell, of Columbia 

 University, New York, who is also well known as 

 the editor of " Science." The subject of his address 

 was " The Advance of Psychology." He said in 

 part : " It is not strange that psychology should be 

 among the later born of the sciences, for sciences 

 dealing with man, life, and matter must rest one 

 upon another, the last at the bottom'; so psychology 

 is willing to grant the past to the others, but claims 

 the twentieth century for its own. The development 

 of colleges into universities gave a chance for free- 

 dom of election in studies, thus opening the field 

 for psychology. The present popularity of the 

 stud jr is shown by the 365 students in Dr. jVIunster- 

 berg s classses in empirical psychology in Harvard 

 last year. Eighteen doctorates, with psychology as 

 a major subject, were given in American univer- 

 sities this year, more than in any other science 

 except chemistry, and six times as many as in phys- 

 ies. I'mier the guidance of philosophy, psychology 

 became at t lines unreal and imaginative, and needed 

 to be crossed with natural science. This has been 

 done by the developments of physiological psychol- 



X. in which Prof. Munsterberg, of Harvard, has 

 . yed a notable part. England has had worthy 

 successors to Locke, Berkeley, and Hume, in Bain, 

 Ward, and Stout. The first laboratory in Cambridge 

 University was founded by the author. Psychology 

 in America before 1,800 has as brief a history as the 

 alleged chapter OH snakes in the natural history of 

 Iceland. Twenty years ago Prof. James, of Harvard, 

 published h\> series of striking articles culminating 

 in the i.-siie of his Principles of Psychology.' The 

 first American laboratory was started in .Johns Hop- 

 kins in IMS:', by Prof. Hall. The first chair of Psy- 

 chology was founded in .Johns Hopkins for me. The 

 department at Harvard is now unequaled in any 

 university on oarth. With .lames. .Munsterberg, 

 Royco. Santo/ona. M"Dougal, and others, there is 

 more reason for a German student to come to Har- 

 vard than for American students to go to Germany 

 to study psychology." 



The following-named papers were then read and 

 discussed: "Typological Analysis" and "Anthro- 

 pological Terminology," by Daniel G. Brinton ; 

 "Sophiology, or the Science of the Evolution of 

 Opinion," by John W. Powell; "Papago Medicine" 

 and " Some Definitions in Anthropology," by W 

 J McGee : ' Anthropological Problems of the Pa- 

 cific Slope '' and " Museum Presentation of Anthro- 

 pology," by William H. Holmes ; " The Significance 

 of the Garment : A Study of the Omaha Tribe," by 

 Miss Alice C. Fletcher; '-The Earth Lodge," by 

 Miss Alice C. Fletcher and Washington Matthews; 

 "The Harmonic Structure of Indian Songs," by J. 

 C. Fillmore; "Ritual of the Sacred Pole of the 

 Omahas." by Francis La Flesche ; ' The Survival 

 of African Music in America," by Mrs. Jeanette 

 Robinson Murphy ; " Some of the Evidences that 

 Northmen were in Massachusetts in Pre-Columbian 

 Times," by Miss Cornelia Horsford ; " Subjects re- 

 lating to the Physical Anthropology of North Amer- 

 ican Indians," by George A. Dorsey ; " The Smith 

 Sound Eskimo," by Alfred L. Kroeber; "The Maori 

 of New Zealand : His History and Country," by 

 Hugh H. Lusk ; " Moros, or Malay Pirates of the 

 Southern Philippines " and " The Philippine Islands 

 and their People," by Dean C. Worcester ; " The 

 Tools of the American Pioneer " and " The Origin 

 of Domesticated Animals," by Henry C. Mercer; 

 " Burial Customs of the Ancient Zapotecans of 

 Southern Mexico " and " Notes on the Lacandon 

 Indians of Mexico," by Marshall H. Saville: 

 " Tomahawk and Shield " and " Examples of Prim- 

 itive Fire Working from Florda," by Frank H. 

 Gushing; "Art in Prehistoric Times," "Prehistoric 

 Musical Instruments," and "Arrow Points, Spear- 

 heads, and Knives," by Thomas Wilson ; " Problem 

 of the Rechahecrian Indians of Virginia " and " The 

 Swastica and other Marks among the Eastern Al- 

 gonkins: A Preliminary Study," by William W. 

 Tooker ; " The Water Burial Time."* by Stansbury 

 Hagar ; " Time Reckoning among Early People " 

 and " The Rite of Circumcision among the Early 

 Races," by Robert J. Floody ; " Anthropology, not 

 Sociology, as an Adequate Philosophy," by Daniel 

 Folkmar; "Science the Basis of Morals." by M. A. 

 Clancey ; " Variations of the Normal Tibia " and 

 " Anthropological Differences between Typical 

 White and Negro Girls of the Same Age," by Aries 

 Hrdlicka; " Resume of Recent Studies on the Ori- 

 gins of European Races " and " Presentation of a 

 Bibliography of the Anthropology and Ethnology 

 of Europe," by William Z. Ripley ; " Typical Amer- 

 ican Students, Illustrated by Charts and Statues," 

 by Dudley A. Sargent; "A New Kymographion, a 

 New Chronoscope," by George W. Fitz ; " Anthro- 

 pometric Instruments," by J. McKeen Cattell ; 

 "Psychology and Art," by Hugo Munsterberg; 

 " The New theory of the Light Sense," by Mrs. C. 

 Ladd Franklin : *" In Man, what Factors are due 

 to Heredity and what to Environment?" a dis- 

 cussion by Daniel G. Brinton, W J McGee, and 

 William Z. Ripley; "Social Organi/ation and Laws 

 of the Moki Indians " and " Korean Clan Organiza- 

 tion," by Walter Hough ; "The Otomies of Mexico," 

 by Frederick Starr ; " The Illusions of Craniometry," 

 by I- 1 rank Baker; "Zufti Witchcraft," by Mrs. Ma- 

 tilda C. Stevenson; "Origin of the Confederacy of 

 the Five Nations," by Charles II. Henning; "Is the 

 Stringed Musical Instrument Pre-Columbian!" by 

 Ivl ward S. Morse: " The Norsemen the Conquerors 

 of Britain." by Paul Du Chaillu ; "The Disappear- 

 ance of the Cliff Dwellers," by Desire Charnay ; and 

 " Report of Committee on the Establishment of an 

 Anthropological Journal in America." 



I. Economic ,SV-/V//rv and Htatixtirx. The presid- 

 ing officer of this section was Archibald Blue, di- 

 rector of the Bureau of Mines, Toronto, Canada. 



