234: 



EGYPT. 



QUITO, ECUADOR, 9,250 FEET ABOVE SEA-LEVEL. MOUNT P1CHINCHA IN THE BACKGROUND. 



Communications. The railroad, 58 miles long, 

 connecting Guayaquil with Chirabo is to be continued 

 by the Government to Sibambe. The length of tele- 

 graphs is 1,342 miles. 



EGYPT, a principality in northern Africa, tribu- 

 tary to Turkey. The government is an absolute 

 monarchy of the Mohammedan type, though the 

 throne passes bv the European law of primogeni- 

 tuiv, ami the Khedive, or Viceroy, is advised by a 

 Council of Ministers. The reigning Khedive is 

 Abbas I lilini. born July 14, 1874, who succeeded to 

 the throne on the death of his father, Mehemet 

 Tewfik. Jan. 7, 1892. Since the intervention of 

 Great Britain for the suppression of the military 

 revolt of 1882 the country has been occupied by a 

 British army, and since Jan. 18, 1883, an English 

 financial adviser, who has a seat in the Cabinet, 

 exercises the right to veto any financial measure, 

 and a dominating influence in all important acts of 

 governmc nt. The events that took place in 1881 

 and 1882, consequent upon the bankruptcy of the 

 Egyptian treasury and the abdication of the Khe- 

 dive Ismail Pasha, led to a conference of the powers 

 in Constantinople, where the principal powers 

 signed a protocol by which they bound themselves 

 to seek no territorial advantage and the concession 

 of no exclusive privilege. But England, owing to 

 the progress of the insurrection in Egypt, inter- 

 vened by force of arms, and the conference then 

 dissolved. Since then successive Prime Ministers 

 of Great Britain have given assurances that Kng- 

 land would evacuate Egypt as soon as Egypt should 

 be able to maintain a firm and orderly government. 



The Cabinet of the Khedive, constituted on April 

 16, 1894, which was in office in the beginning of 

 1898, was composed of the following ministers: 



President of the Council and Minister of the In- 

 terior, Mustapha Fehmi Pasha ; Minister of War 

 and Marine, Mohammed Abani Pasha ; Minister of 

 Public Works and of Public Instruction, Hussein 

 Fakhry Pasha; Minister of Foreign Affairs, Butros 

 Ghali Pasha; Minister of Finance, Ahmet Mazlum 

 Pasha ; Minister of Justice, Ibrahim Fuad Pasha. 



Area and Population. The area and popula- 

 tion of the governments and mudiriehs of Egypt, 

 according to the census taken in June, 1897, are 

 given in the following table: 



