318 GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



the imports in 1896 was 22,980,586 rupees, and of 

 the exports 33,544,174 rupees. The exports of raw 

 sugar amounted to 28,165,731 rupees. Other ex- 

 ports are rum, aloe fiber, vanilla, and cocounut oil. 

 There are 105 miles of railroads, the earnings of 

 which in 1896 were 1,783,399 rupees, and the ex- 

 penses 1 ,205,645 rupees. The Chagos Islands, Uodri- 

 gu.-s, and the Seychelles are dependencies of Mauri- 

 tius. Among the groups and islands scattered over 

 the Pacific Ocean that have been annexed or taken 

 under British protection are Cook's Islands, having 

 an area of 142 square miles and 8.400 population, 

 Ducie and Pitcairn islands, the Manihike group, 

 Suvarof Islands, Dudoxa island, the Union group, 

 the Bowditch and Phoenix groups, Ellice Islands, 

 the Gilbert Islands, the Solomon Islands, and the 

 isolated islands of Fanning, Maiden, Starbuck, Jar- 

 vis, Washington, and Palmyra. In June, 1898, the 

 British flag was raised over the Santa Cruz and 

 Duff groups, lying east of the Solomon Islands in 

 10 of south latitude and 167 of east longitude. 

 The Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic, east 

 of Terra del Fuego, had 1,992 inhabitants in 1896. en- 

 gaged mostly in sheep raising. The revenue in 1896 

 was 12,358': expenditure, 13,569. The value of the 

 imports was 09.985, and of the exports 132,194. 



The Bermudas, with an area of only 20 square 

 miles, had a population in 1896 of 6,117 whites and 

 9,835 colored. The number of marriages was 100; 

 of births, 523; of deaths, 375. The Governor is 

 Lieut.-Gen. G. Digby Parker. He is assisted by an 

 Executive Council of 6 members, a Legislative 

 Council of 9 appointed members, and a Legislative 

 Assembly of 36 members chosen by 1,123 registered. 

 voters. The revenue in 1896 was 34,256 ; expend- 

 iture. 34,717. There is a debt of 46,600. The 

 value of the imports, consisting largely of food- 

 stuffs from the United States, was 304,9*70 in 1896, 

 and that of the exports, mainly going to the United 

 States, was 108,613, of which 54,843 represent 

 onions, 12,431 lily bulbs, and 18,817 potatoes. 

 The tonnage entered and cleared in 1896 was 391,- 

 475. The registered shipping consisted of 23 sail- 

 ing vessels, of 5,469 tons, and 2 steamers, of 651 

 tons. 



British Honduras has an Executive Council, con- 

 sisting of 4 official and 3 non-official members, and 

 a Legislative Council, consisting of 3 official and 5 

 nonofficial members, to assist the Governor. The 

 Governor at present is Col. Sir David Wilson. The 

 revenue in 1896 was $302,686, and expenditure 

 $269,877. The debt was $168,815. The popula- 

 tion in 1896 was estimated at 33,811, consisting of 

 453 whites am' 33,358 colored. The number of 

 marriages in 1896 was 288; of births, 1,435; of 

 deaths, 977; f\<T>s of births, 458. The value of 

 the imports in 1896 was $1,462,637, and of exports 

 $1,378,601. The staple products are mahogany and 

 logwood. Sugar is also exported, and bananas and 

 cocoanuts to New Orleans, and there is a consider- 

 able transit trade in coffee, sarsaparilla, and rubber 

 from Yucatan. There were 576 vessels, of 178,199 

 inn-., entered, and 562, of 170,W? tons, cleared in 

 1896. The shipping <>f the colony consists of 214 

 sailing vessels, of 4,570 tons, and 5 steamers, of 748 

 tons. 



British Guiana has a Court of Policy, consisting 

 of 7 official and 8 elected members, to assist the 

 Governor in general legislation, and to this 6 finan- 

 cial representatives are added to form the Com- 

 bined Court, which frames the budget and levies 

 the taxes. There are 2,416 qualified electors. The 

 Roman-Dutch law is in force in civil cases, while 

 the English system of criminal law has been 

 adopted. The present Governor is Sir Walter J. 

 S'ndall. The area is undetermined on account of 

 the boundary dispute with Venezuela. Within the 



GREECE. 



Schomburgk line there are 109,000 square miles. 

 The population was estimated in 1897 at 285,315. 

 In 1891 there were 2.533 European-born, 99,015 

 Africans, 105,465 East Indians, and 3,714 China- 

 men. The number of births in 1896 was 9,276; of 

 deaths, 7,513. The Indian immigrants in 1897 

 numbered 2,380, while 2,059 coolies returned to 

 India. The revenue for 1897 was $555.774, and ex- 

 penditure 590,616. Of the revenue, 294.671 were 

 derived from customs, 108,859 from licenses, 49,- 

 780 from the duty on rum, and 23,902 from the 

 royalty on gold. In the ten years from the begin- 

 ning of gold-mining in 1886 there have been taken 

 out the value of 2,796,300. The product in 1896 

 was 123,759 ounces. The total value of imports in 

 1897 was 1,341,710; of exports, 1,899,457. The 

 principal exports were sugar for 1,098,398, rum for 

 136,927, molasses for 20,926, and gold for 466,- 

 143. The tonnage entered and cleared during the 

 year was 694,229. The shipping of the colony con- 

 sisted of 121 sailing vessels, of 5,541 tons, and 15 

 steamers, of 1,171 tons. There are 39 miles of rail- 

 road and 546 miles of telegraphs, all belonging to 

 the Government. (See AUSTRALASIA, CANADA, CAPE 

 COLONY AND SOUTH AFRICA, EAST AFRICA, INDIA, 

 NEWFOUNDLAND, WEST AFRICA, WEST INDIES.) 



GREECE, a kingdom in southeastern Europe. 

 The legislative authority is vested in a single cham- 

 ber called the Boule, consisting of 207 members 

 elected for four years by universal manhood suf- 

 frage. The reigning King is Georgios I, born Dec. 

 24, 1845, the second son of King Christian of Den- 

 mark. He was elected King of the Hellenes on 

 March 18, 1863, after the deposition of King Otto, 

 with the approval of France, Great Britain, and 

 Russia, the protecting powers under whose auspices 

 the Hellenic Kingdom had been established in 1830, 

 after the overthrow of Turkish rule. 



The Cabinet formed on Oct. 3, 1897, was com- 



Sised as follows : President of the Council and 

 inister of Foreign Affairs, M. Zaimis ; Minister 

 of the Interior, M. Korpas ; Minister of Finance, 

 M. Streit; Minister of Justice, M. Toman; Minister 

 of Education, M. Panagiotopoulos ; Minister of War, 

 Gen. Smolensk! ; Minister of Marine, Capt. Hadji 

 Kyriacos. 



Area and Population. The present area of the 

 kingdom is 25,014 square miles, and the population 

 in 1896 was 2,433,806. There are more than 8,000,000 

 persons of Hellenic language and descent form- 

 ing the Greek communities in the Ottoman Em- 

 pire who are of purer Gi'eek race than the Hellenes 

 of the kingdom, which has been subjugated and 

 settled at various periods by Romans, Goths, Slavs, 

 and Albanians, all of whom became Hellenized in 

 time. The population of Athens in 1896 was 111,486. 



Finances. The revenue was originally estimated 

 for 1897 at 95,435,939 drachmai, of which 33.245.552 

 drahmai came from customs and excise, 19,792,364 

 drachmai from direct taxes. 18,676,775 drachmai 

 from stamps a,nd dues, 11.402,906 drachmai from 

 monopolies, 3,731,362 drachmai from state prop- 

 erty, 3.355.000 drachmai from arrears of taxes. 

 1.200.000 drachmai from municipal contributions, 

 1.023,000 drachmai from repayments ; 966.G50 

 drachmai from sales, 750,000 drachmai from inter- 

 national telegraphs, 400.000 drachmai from light- 

 houses, 100,000 drachma! from schools, and 700,000 

 drachmai from extraordinary sources. The expendi- 

 ture was estimated at 93,852.565 drachmai, of which 

 21 .690,895 drachmai were for the public debt, 16,345,- 

 311 drachmai for the army. 13,930.935 drachmai for 

 the interior. 8,963.478 drachmai for cost of collecting 

 revenue, 7.000,487 drachmai for the navy, 5,742,600 

 drachmai for pensions, etc.. 5,647,543 drachmai for 

 public instruction. 5,364,325 drachmai for justice, 

 2,224,479 drachmai for foreign affairs, 1,523,972 



