

LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL, IN 1898. 



397 



d'une Imperatrice" (Josephine); and Ernst la Jeu- 

 uesse's queer " Imitatio Napoleonis " (not quite com- 

 prehensible ; a Nietzsche-like " Ueberrnensch " fol- 

 lowing the great emperor). The Dreyfus affair has 

 called forth a swarm of books and pamphlets, in- 

 cluding much anti-Semitic matter, by P. Marin, A. 

 Reville, R. Viau. B. Lazare, E. Zola ("Humanite 

 Verite Justice "), Y. Guyot (" Revision du Proces 

 Dreyfus"), J. Grand-Carteret ("L'Affaire Dreyfus 

 et I'lmage," 1897), J. Defrance, J. Bahar, and oth- 

 ers. Miscellaneous historical works are U. G. de 

 Heidenstam's" UneSoeurdu grand Frederic, Louise 

 Eleonore, Reine de Suede" (said to be in part a 

 plagiarism); Waliszewski's " Marysienka " (wife of 

 Sobieski) ; the Comte d'Haussonville's " La Duchesse 

 de Bourgogne et 1'Alliance Savoyarde sous Louis 

 XIV"; Alfred Baragnon's somewhat heavy "La 

 Maison de Savoie et la Triple Alliance au "XVII" 

 Siecle"; the Due de Broglie's fine ' L'Alliance au- 

 trichienne " (at opening of the Seven Years' War), 

 a model in clearness and ease of style ; Andre 

 Lefevre's "L'Histoire: Entretiens sur 1'Evolution 

 historique " (inaccurate, careless) ; Douchy's " La 

 Guerre turco-grecque de 1897"; and C. Benoist's 

 " L'Espagne, Cuba, et les Etats-Unis" (anticipating 

 the annexatian of Cuba). The science of history 

 forms the theme of Renouvier's " Philosophic analy- 

 tique de i'Histoire" and the instructive "Introduc- 

 tion aux Etudes historiques," by Ch. V. Langlois 

 and Ch. Seignobos. In the section " Travel and De- 

 scription " are noted the observant Th. Bentzon's 

 " C hoses et Gens d'Amerique " (clever and agreeable, 

 mainly on social topics); Pierre Loti's "Figures et 

 Choses qui passaient" (descriptive of the Basque 

 country) ; and A. Bertrand's " Au Pays des Ba-Rotsi, 

 Haut-Zambeze. Voyage d'Exploration en Afrique." 

 A. Fouillee studies the "Psychologie du Peuple 

 francais"; Gaston Routier is severely critical in 

 " Grandeur et Decadence des' Francais " ; R. Gon- 

 nard explains " La Depopulation de la France " ; 

 Louis Legrand exhaustively traces " L'Idee de la 

 Patrie " ; Edouard Demolins, in " A quoi tient la 

 Superiorite des Anglo-Saxons," urges that the chil- 

 dren of France be made more self-dependent, and in 

 " Les Francais d'Aujourd'hui : Les Types sociaux du 

 Midi et du Centre," he describes unsatisfactory con- 

 ditions. J. Novicow predicts " L'Avenir de la Rtice 

 blanche. Critique du Pessimisme contemporain." 

 Delariie de Beaumarchais expounds " La Doctrine 

 de Monroe." Further sociological works are Albert 

 Metin's noteworthy " Le Socialisme en Angleterre " ; 

 Ch. Andler's " Les Origines du Socialisme d'Etat en 

 Allemagne " ; E. Levasseur's " L'Ouvrier ameri- 

 cain " ; Mace's " Place a la Femme, surtout dans 

 1'Enseignementsecondaire"; and C.Wagner's "Au- 

 pres du Foyer" (a sensible book on home life). 

 New works on religious subjects are Auguste Saba- 

 tier's " Esquisse d'une Philosophic de la Religion 

 d'apres la Psychologie et I'Histoire" (conclusions 

 not very clear) ; Victor Charbonnel's curious ' Le 

 Congres des Religions"; the positivist Pierre Laf- 

 fitte's " Le Catholicisme " ; G. Goyau's " L'Alle- 

 magne religieuse " ; G. Fonsegrive's " Catholicisme 

 et Democratic " ; and Maignen's " Le P. Hecker 

 est-il un Saint." "John Stuart Mill: Correspond- 

 ance inedite avec Gustave d'Eichthal (1828-1842 

 1864-1871)" is edited by Eugene d'Eichthal. In 

 literary criticism, again a voluminous section, 

 we have Joseph Texte's "Etudes de Litterature 

 europeenne " (serious, careful ; few original views) ; 

 Emile Faguet's " Drame ancien, Drame moderne " ; 

 Mine. A. Barine's "Nevroses" (a study of literary 

 pathology in the cases of Gerard de Nerval, Poe, 

 etc.) ; " La Poesie italienne conteinporaine," by Jean 

 Dornis ; F. Brunetiere's important, comprehensive 

 " Manuel de I'Histoire de la Litterature francaise " ; 

 Rene Doumic's new series of "Etudes sur 1'IIis- 



toire de la Litterature frangaise " ; the Vicomte de 

 Broc's pleasant, though not original, " Propos litte- 

 'raires " : Georges Meunier's " Le Bilan litteraire du 

 XIX" Siecle" (interesting; not strikingly original) ; 

 Louis Bertrand's " La Fin du Classicisme et le Re- 

 tour a 1'Antique dans la seconde Moitie du XVIIl 6 

 Siecle et les premjeres Annees du XIX, en France " 

 (thorough) ; " L'Elegie en France avant le Rornan- 

 tisme. De Parny & Lamartine, 1778-1828," by 

 Henri Potez ; L. Maigron's capital " Le Roman his- 

 torique & 1'Epoque romantique. Essai sur 1'Influ- 

 ence de Walter Scott " ; Antoine Benoist's " Essais 

 de Critique dramatique " (treating of Sand, Musset. 

 Feuillet, Augier, and Dumas fils) ; Henri Michel's 

 " Le Quarantieme Fauteuil " (articles from the 

 "Temps" on " receptions " of new academicians); 

 Stefane Pol's " Trois grandes Figures " (i. e., George 

 Sand, Flaubert, and Michelet) : and the following 

 works on individual authors : P. Bonnefon's " Mon- 

 taigne et ses Amis " (2 vols.) ; the late Charles Livet's 

 " Lexique compare de la Langue de Moliere " (third 

 and last volume) ; G. Lanson's valuable study " Cor- 

 neille " ; G. Larroumet's interesting " Racine " 

 (modern, analytic criticism) and A. Filon's " Me- 

 rimee," both in series "Les grands Ecrivains fran- 

 cais " ; Maurice Souriau's study of " Pascal " (in se- 

 ries " Classiques populaires ") ; Joseph Vianey's " Ma- 

 thurin Regnier"; Paul Stapfer's " Bossuet Adolphe 

 Monod"; the Due de Broglie's "Voltaire avant 

 et pendant la Guerre de Sept Ans " (a study of his 

 relations with Louis XV and Frederick the Great); 

 Eugene Bouvy's interesting "Voltaire et 1'Italie" 

 (relations with Italian authors) ; " Geoffrey et la 

 Critique dramatique sous le Consulat et 1'Empire." 

 by Des Granges; Ernest Zyromski's " Les Sources 

 de la Poesie lyrique de Lamartine " ; " Lettres in- 

 edites de Lamennais a Montalembert " and " Un 

 Lamennais inconnu " (letters to Benoit d'Azy); 

 " Montalembert,'' by the Vicomte de Meaux (note- 

 worthy, though not final) ; Maurice Souriau's " La 

 Preface de Cromwell " (of Hugo) ; Mine. Darmes- 

 teter's remarkable " La Vie de Ernest Renah"; the 

 interesting " Correspondance de Renan avec M. 

 Berthelot, 1847-'92 " ; Leon Daudet's touching hom- 

 age to his father, " Alphonse Daudet " ; ' Verlaine 

 iutime," by Charles Donos (brutally frank) ; Paterne 

 Berrichon's ' Vie de Jean-Arthur Rimbaud " (known 

 from his connection with Verlaine) ; E. Rod's " Es- 

 sai sur Goethe " (shows thorough knowledge of sub- 

 ject); "Henri Heine," by J. Legras; Henri Lich- 

 tenberger's "Richard Wagner, Poete et Penseur" 

 and "La Philosophic de Nietzsche"; and Ernest 

 Seilliere's "Ferdinand Lassalle." V T icomteE. M. de 

 Vogue's essays " Histoire et Poesie " show nobility 

 of thought and elegant style. Francois Coppee's 

 "La bonne Souffrance" consists of articles pub- 

 lished during his long and bravely borne illness. 



Specially noteworthy novels of the year are Zola's 

 " Paris " (" more interesting . . . and significant 

 than ' Rome ' or ' Lourdes,' : ' says Brunetiere ; Zola 

 " has learned nothing and forgotten nothing. Paris 

 is not so much the subject as the ' dechristianization ' 

 of the Abbe Pierre Froment ") ; the late Alphonse 

 Daudet's "Soutien de Famille" (a warning against 

 the decadence of French character; will rank among 

 his best) ; Anatole France's original " Le Mannequin 

 d'Osier" (a "philosophical novel" with a minimum 

 of plot, a " most lively and ironical impression of the 

 life of to-day ") ; Paul Bourget's " Complications 

 sentimentales" (three stories ; extraordinary powers 

 of analysis) ; Andre Theuriet's " Boisfleury " and 

 " Le Refuge " ; " Jacquine Vanesse," a " romantic 

 novel," by Victor Cherbuliez ; Edouard Rod's mas- 

 terpiece " Le Menage du Pasteur Naudie " (a story 

 of French Protestant life) ; "Le Desastre," by Paul 

 and Victor Margueritte, a tragic picture of the 

 Franco-German War ; " Les Deracines," by Maurice 



