402 



LITERATUEE, CONTINENTAL, IN 1898. 



jannis ("akin to folklore") and t>y Mine. E. Zo- 

 graphu (charming). In poetry we have " Grave," 

 by K. Pain mas (a moving, somewhat mysterious 

 tribute to his little son) ; and " Songs of the Desert," 

 l>y Petros Vassilikos (i. e., K. Hatzopulos, a promis- 

 ing young poet). C. Anninos has written a comedy, 

 "The Victory of Leonidas," and A. Provelegios a 

 tragedy," Rhigas," dealing with the martyrdom of 

 tin- " prophet of Greek freedom," 1798. 



Holland (Flemish authors under " Belgium"). 

 The history of the Dutch Republic during 17?6-'86, 

 a "period of disgrace," is dealt with in H. T. 

 Colenbrander's very important "De Patriotten- 

 tijd. Hoofdzakelijk naar buitenlandsche Beschei- 

 den." bused on extensive research, but lacking 

 tin- information contained in the still unpublished 

 otlieial papers of Sir Joseph Yorke (British minister 

 at the Bagne). 1 1. J. Betz enlarges on the same pe- 

 riod in " Dames en Heeren uit de vorige Eeuw." 

 S. A. Naber's life of Allard Pierson is full. Jan 

 Ten Brink, in " Brechtje Spieghels," relates an in- 

 teresting episode in Ilooft's life. Albert Verwey's 

 " Toen de Gids werd Opgericht " throws new light 

 on the family history of the Gids. Taco H. de 

 Brer's " Woordenschat" is a useful work on na- 

 tional and foreign phrases. E. I. Jorissen's " Trans- 

 vaalsche Herinneringen, 1876-'96," is a graphic and 

 important bit of Boer social history. Sociological 

 r-tudies are numerous. Noteworthy are H. P. G. 

 Quack's sympathetic " De Socialisten " (fourth and 

 last volume) ; Helene Mercier's " Sociale Schetsen " ; 

 ( '. J. Wynaendts Francken's " Sociale Ethiek " (a 

 "popular, full survey of the theory of naturalists 

 and evolutionists"); and " Verzarnelde Opstellen" 

 (essays by the principal Dutch socialists), by F. Van 

 der Goes. Mrs. Goekoop's highly successful " Hilda 

 von Suylenburg" (fiction) champions the free de- 

 velopment of woman with delightful partiality. 

 Psychology is rendered intelligible in Frederik 

 van Eeden's " Foundations of Intelligence." J. M. 

 Acket's monograph on " De Imitatione Christi" 

 rather belittles Thomas & Kempis. M. Emants's de- 

 scriptive "Van Heinde en Verre" is slightly mo- 

 notonous. Maurits shows an artistic impressibility 

 and an open mind in "Van Rome naar Jeruzalem." 

 The late C. Busken Huet's " De Bruce's Josefine" is 

 cynical but entertaining. J. Ph. Vogel has issued 

 a painstaking, annotated Dutch version of " The 

 Little Toy Cart" from the Sanskrit and Prakrit. 



Among novels and stories there are " De Roman 

 Van Bernard Bandt " (" romantic realism " ; con- 

 spicuous failure), by H. Robbers; the late F. Roos- 

 dorp's "Kinderen" (sharp observation); Henri 

 Borel's "Jongotje" (prettily written) and " Kwan 

 Yin" (original view of Chinese philosophy and art); 

 1 'cn jam in's Vertellingen " (rhymed; popular) by W. 

 L. Penning. Jr.; Herman Meyerman's" Interieiirs" 

 (light sketches: good) : Anna de Savornin Loh man's 

 I let eene Noodige " (some beautiful passages, but 

 "altogether too wild"); "Bart hold Meryan" (con- 

 fused, socialistic), by Cornelie Huygens; and "Her 

 Memory" (New York), by Maarten Maartens. 

 " Psyche," a parable, liy Louis Cou penis (in " De 

 liids"). is an example of poetical prose. In poetry 

 are noted " Ken Koning," by Ary Prins (a "monu- 

 mental piece of imaginative impressionism "); "Ver- 

 zen." by P. C. Boutens (grand mastery of language, 

 sure touch) : Merman (Sorter's " De School dor Poe- 

 zie" (second edition of " Verzen." with new poems), 

 with a startling preface advocating poetic treat- 

 ment of social subjects; and II. J. Boeken's retell- 

 ing of "Floris and Blanchefloer." New plays are 

 J. de Koo's amusing comedy " De Candidatuur van 

 Bommel" and "Eon Kriesis" (fine characteriza- 

 tion), by M. Emaiits (author of" Op Zee " and " Vijf- 

 tig"). P. H. van Moerkerken has published old 

 farces in " II et NYderlandsch KluchtsjH?!." 



A Dutch writer notes the country's recent ad- 

 vance in literature and art, and informs us that 

 thrifty Holland reads Dutch books and even buys 

 them ! 



Hungary. The jubilee of the Revolution of 

 1848 occasioned G. Gracza's " History of the Strug- 

 gle for Independence " (5 vols.) ; Jokai-Brody's 

 " 1848 " (a " picture book ") ; and Boross-Laurencic's 

 " Album of the Struggle for Freedom." G. 

 Lanczy's " Magyardom under the Arpads " offers a 

 new view of a vexed question. Noteworthy biog- 

 raphies are A. Zichy's work on Count Stephen 

 S/echenyi, " the greatest of Magyars " : Dezso 

 Malonyay's excellent " Life and Work of Michael 

 M unkacsy " ; T. Szana's biography of Karoly Marko, 

 landscape painter; and J. Szinnyei's valuable " Mor 

 Jokai." Books of travel are Count Jeno Zichy's in- 

 teresting ' Travels in the Caucasus " (in search of 

 the origin of the Magyars) ; the valuable " Bosnia 

 and Herzegovina," by Adolf Strausz; and Gyula 

 Pekar's attractive " South and North." The " Pallas 

 Great Lexicon " (noticed in 1893) has been con- 

 cluded with Vol. XVI. There is an unusual num- 

 ber of important works in sociology and economics: 

 " The Condition of Agricultural Laborers in Hun- 

 gary v (valuable ; comprehensive research), prize 

 essay by S. Miihofer ; " The Result of the Reform 

 of our Criminal Procedure " (an " essay in agricul- 

 tural politics "), by the gifted Rustem Vambery: 

 " Social Questions," by Gyula Dietrich (new writer : 

 talented) ; Akos Navratil's valuable prize essay 

 on il Adam Smith's System and its Philosophical 

 Basis"; and Eugen Gaal's " The Social System of 

 Thomas Carlyle." Bernat Alexander writes of 

 "Art "in a graceful and interesting way. Bela 

 Lazar is the author of a profound study on " The 

 Fortunatus Legend in Literature." 



In fiction, the short story and the sketch stand 

 prominent ; in this genre we have Sandor Brody's 

 " The Fairy Ilona " (two stories, rich in color, na- 

 tional in character) ; Andor Kozma's " Humorous 

 Stories"; Istvan Petelei's "Clouds "(11 tales; in- 

 dividuality strongly marked) ; Istvan Tomorkeny's 

 " Under the Poplars " (masterly descriptions of life 

 on the puszta) ; Istvan Barsony's " The Merry 

 World" (excellent characterization and descrip- 

 tion) ; Jeno Heltai's " Seven Meager Years " (hu- 

 morous pictures from the life of the Hungarian 

 Bohemian) ; and Bela Lazar's " Moods." Novels to 

 be noted are Gyula Werner's important " The 

 Dawn is sure to come " (life in Transylvania) and 

 "The Immigrants." by Mine. Szikra (pseudonym), 

 lashing the lower gentry, known as "immigrants" 

 among the aristocracy. New poetry includes Andor 

 Kozma's successful, biting " Satires " ; Pal Koroda's 

 " Lyre " (beautiful form) ; and Lajos Palagyi's " Bib- 

 lical Memories." The national drama, we are told, 

 is in a state of decay ; French art reigns supreme, 

 and is awkwardly' copied. At the same time, 

 "gratifying progress" is reported for Hungarian 

 literature, on the whole. 



Italy. Interesting works bearing on national 

 history are " Storia di Roma," by Ettore Pais (Part 

 II of his "Storia d'ltalia" (thorough; oversubtle 

 in criticism) ; E. Arbib's " Cinquant' Anni di Storia 

 parlamentare " ; B. Croce's " Silvio Spaventa. Dal 

 1848 al 1861. Lettero, Scritti e Document i " : Ales- 

 sandro d'Ancona's worthy biography of " Federico 

 Confalonieri," the "celebrated martyr of the thought 

 of Italian independence"; the successful " Autobio- 

 grafia di un Veterano (1859-'93). Ricordi storici 

 ed aneddotici del Generale Enrico Delia Rocca " ; 

 <>. Baratieri's " Memorie d'Africa (1892-'96)" ; and 

 G. Carducci's interesting monograph on " Alberto 

 Mario : Scrittore e Giornalista, 1848-'61." Socio- 

 logical topics, which always claim a fair share of 

 attention here, are discussed in P. Chinassi's " li 



