422 



MARYLAND. 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



North Carolina have been loosed in the State during 

 recent years, and reports to the Game and Fish Pro- 

 tective "Association indicate the success of the ex- 

 periment. 



San Jos6 Scale. The State entomologist reports 

 that since the first discovery of this pest in Mary- 

 land in 1894 the scale " has become established in 

 18 of the 23 counties of the State, representing 58 

 localities and involving 95 premises. ' In the in- 

 fested orchards, containing 157,165 trees, 58,620 

 trees were affected, and &0,343 of the latter had been 

 killed in the past four years, leaving 8,277 infested 

 among 106,822 bearing" trees. In addition, 21.577 

 imrvTv trees had been destroyed. 



Boundary. The disappearance of the monu- 

 ments marking the boundary line between Mary- 

 land and Virginia through Pocomoke Sound and 

 river, and the consequent uncertainty as to the true 

 location of the boundary, has for several years been 

 a source of friction between the citizens of the two 

 States and an embarrassment to the fisheries. In 

 1897 the Governor appointed a commissioner on the 

 part of the State, to act with a similar commissioner 

 of Virginia in having this boundary line remarked, 

 and the work was duly completed, the cost to be 

 borne equally by the two States. 



Lynching. In his message to the General As- 

 sembly the Governor said : ' There have been three 

 cases of lynching in Maryland during my adminis- 

 tration as Governor. In all these cases the persons 

 accused or suspected of crime were taken from the 

 custody of the proper officers of the law. In the 

 first no indictment had been found ; in the second 

 there was an indictment and the case ordered to be 

 removed for trial to another county ; and the third, 

 notwithstanding the fact that the prisoner had 

 been speedily tried, convicted, and sentenced, lie 

 was taken, in open day, against the entreaties of 

 the judge who had just condemned and sentenced 

 him, and killed by an infuriated mob, in defiance 

 of all decency and law, at the very door of the 

 courthouse. The latter was the only one out of the 

 three where the prisoner was charged with that 

 crime the commission of which has been held by 

 some to be a justification for such violence. . . . 

 Lynchings constitute murder, pure and simple, and 

 no legislation could more clearly define the crime 

 or prescribe the punishment. And yet it seems im- 

 possible to secure even a presentment against those 

 who thus set the law at defiance. If a law could be 

 passed placing upon the county in which a lynch- 

 ing occurs some heavy pecuniary penalty, it might 

 help to create public sentiment against this crime 

 which would bear fruit in the choosing of officers 

 who would use intelligent and courageous efforts to 

 protect their prisoners and discover and prosecute 

 these offenders against law and order." 



Legislation. Among the bills passed by the 

 General Assembly were the following: 



To appropriate $50,000 for two years to Johns 

 Hopkins University. 



b or the education of women to teach in the pub- 

 lic schools by providing free scholarships in West- 

 ern Maryland College, and appropriating $65,000 

 per annum additional for that institution. 



Providing for a uniform law for promissory notes 

 and other negotiable paper. 



Requiring foreign corporations doing business in 

 the State to file their charters here. 



To authorize the Mayor and city council of Bal- 

 timore to issue l>onds for $5,000.000. 



To protect the wife from the debts of her hus- 

 band. 



To limit the hours of labor employees of Balti- 

 more, except firemen and policemen, to eight. 



To provide for teaching the principles of civil 

 government in the public schools. 



Providing for fourteen free scholarships at Wash- 

 ington College. 



Appropriating $12,000 for the Antietam Battle- 

 field Commission to locate positions of Maryland 

 troops on the field and to erect a monument. 



Political. The total vote cast at the State elec- 

 tion in November but slightly exceeded 200,000, 

 against 250,000 cast at the presidential electidh in 

 1896. While the Republicans lost the city of Balti- 

 more by 569 votes, they carried the State outside 

 of the city by 5,898 votes. 



MASSACHUSETTS, a New England State, one 

 of the original thirteen ; ratified the Constitution 

 Feb. 6, 1788; area, 8,315 square miles. The popu- 

 lation, according to each decennial census, was 378.- 

 787 in 1790; 422,845 in 1800; 472,040 in 1810; 523.- 

 159 in 1820; 610,408 in 1830; 737.699 in 1840: 

 994,514 in 1850; 1.231,066 in 1860; 1.457.851 in 

 1870; 1,783.085 in 1880 ; and 2,238.943 in 1890. By 

 the State census of 1895 it was 2,500.183. Capital, 

 Boston. 



Government. The following were the State offi- 

 cers in 1898 : Governor, Roger Wolcott ; Lieutenant 

 Governor, William M. Crane ; Secretary of State, 

 William M. Olin ; Treasurer, Edward P. "Shaw ; Au- 

 ditor, John W. Kiraball ; Attorney-General, Hoscu 

 M. Knowlton ; Secretary of the Board of Education, 

 Frank A. Hill; Adjutant General, Samuel Dalton ; 

 Secretary of the Board of Agriculture, W. R. Ses- 

 sions ; Insurance Commissioner, Frederick L. Cut- 

 ting: Chairman of the Railroad Commission, John 

 E. Sanford all Republicans; Bank Commissioner, 

 Warren E. Locke ; Chairman of the Board of Lu- 

 nacy and Charity, Leontine Lincoln : Greylock Res- 

 ervation Commissioners, T. W. Rockwell, John Ba.s- 

 com, and Alfred B. Mole; Chief Justice of the 

 Supreme Court, Walbridge A. Field ; Associate 

 Justices, Oliver W. Holmes, Marcus P. Knowlton, 

 James M. Morton, John Lathrop, James M. Barker, 

 John W. Hammond ; Clerk, Henry A. Clapp ; Judges 

 of the Court of Registration created by the land 

 transfer act of 1898, Leonard A. Jones, Charles 

 T. Davis; Recorder, Clarence C. Smith. 



Finances. According to the Treasurer's report 

 for 1898, the cash on hand Jan. 1, 1898, was $10.- 

 206,772.61 ; cash on hand Dec. 31. 1898, was $10,- 

 695,670.93. There was received during the year from 

 the collateral legacy and succession, tax $563,672.34 

 and $8,422.98 for interest on overdue taxes. 



Loans were issued in 1898 to the amount of $8,- 

 227.500, bearing interest at the rates of 3 and 3^ per 

 cent. 



The Treasurer discusses at length the expenses 

 consequent upon the war with Spain. The number 

 of men on the rolls Dec. 31, 1898, entitled to State 

 pay. etc., was more than 11.400. The total amount 

 paid the soldiers or their dependents up to Jan. 18, 

 1899, was $334,943.30. 



The Governor's message says the net debt has in- 

 creased more than threefold in four years. 



Education. Smith College received an anony- 

 mous gift of $50,000; Mount Holyoke, $100,000 

 from Charles F. Wilder, and $50,000 from I). K. 

 Pearson, which was conditioned on the raising of 

 an endowment fund of $150,000, which is now com- 

 plete. Harvard College received $500.000 by tie 

 will of Edward Austin, who also left the Massachu- 

 setts Institute of Technology $400,000 and Rad- 

 cliffe College $30,000. 



The Massachusetts Institute of Technology re- 

 ceives & national distinction in the transfer to it from 

 Annapolis of the new course in naval architecture 

 recently established at the latter place. This is nn 

 attempt to give as sound technical training to cer- 

 tain cadets, after they have been graduated at An- 

 napolis, as that which has been given in foreign 

 countries, particularly in England. 



