OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. (A MM EN BAGLEV.) 



521 



1887 he became editor of the " Unitarian Review." 

 He received the degree of D. D. from Harvard in 

 1891. Dr. Allen was a prolific writer on religious 

 and philosophical subjects, and published "Ten 

 Discourses on Orthodoxy " (Boston, 1849) ; " Hebrew 

 Men and Times " (1861) ; " Fragments of Christian 

 History" (1880); "Christian History in its Three 

 Great "Periods " (3 vols., 1880-'82) ; "Our Liberal 

 Movement in Theology " (1882 : with " Sequel," 1897) ; 

 " Positive Religion " (1892) ; " Unitarianism since 

 the Reformation " (1894) : and translations of Re- 

 nan's " Anti-Christ," " People of Israel," and " Ori- 

 gins of Christianity." 



Ammen, Daniel, naval officer, born in Brown 

 County, Ohio, May 15, 1820 ; died in Washington, 

 D. C., July 11, 1898. He was appointed a mid- 

 shipman in the navy, July 7, 1836 ; was promoted 

 passed midshipman, July 1, 1842; master, May 10, 

 1849 ; lieutenant, Nov. 4 following ; commander, 

 July 16, 1862; captain, July 25, 1866; commodore, 

 April 1, 1872; and rear admiral, Dec. 11, 1877; and 

 was retired June 4, 1878. He was on sea duty 

 twenty-one years and two months, and on shore or 

 other duty seventeen years and three months. He 

 made his first cruise with the Wilkes exploring ex- 

 pedition in 1837-'38 ; was on duty in the West In- 

 dies and the Mediterranean and off the coast of 

 Labrador till 1841, and passed the examination at 

 the Naval School in 1842. From that time till the 

 outbreak of the civil war he served in the coast sur- 

 vey, the scientific expedition to Paraguay, and the 

 commission to select a naval station in the Bay of 

 San Francisco, and also at the Naval Observatory. 

 At the opening of the civil war he was executive 

 officer on the " Roanoke," of the North Atlantic 

 blockading squadron. He commanded the " Sene- 

 ca," of the South Atlantic squadron, at the battle 

 of Port Royal, Nov. 7, 1861, and on the following 

 day raised the flag over Fort Beauregard and de- 

 livered the works to the army. In the attack on 

 Port Royal Ferry, on Jan. 1 following, he com- 

 manded the forces entering by way of Whale 

 Branch. Subsequently he was engaged in the oper- 

 ations against Fernandina through St. Andrew's 

 Sound and in the St. John river. In 1863 he 

 commanded the monitor " Patapsco " in the at- 

 tacks on Fort McAllister, in March, and Fort 

 Sumtcr, in April, and in 1864-'65 the steam 

 sloop " Mohican " in the bombardment of Fort 

 Fisher, in December, and in the naval support 

 of the army in the assault there in the following 

 month. After his retirement he served on the board 

 for the location of the new Naval Observatory and 

 as a representative of the United States at the 

 Interoceanic Ship Canal Congress in Paris. Rear- 

 Admiral Ammen invented the cask balsa, or life- 

 boat, now used on our war vessels, and the twin- 

 screw steel-ram " Katahdin " of the navy. He pub- 

 lished "The Atlantic Coast" ("The Navy in the 

 Civil War Series," 1883) ; "Recollections of Grant" 

 (1885) ; and " The Old Navy and the New." 



Atwood, Melville, geologist, born in Prescott 

 Hall, Worcestershire, England, July 31, 1812 ; died 

 in Berkeley, Cal., April 25, 1898. In early life he 

 engaged in gold and diamond mining in Brazil, and 

 made a special study of microscopy, geology, and 

 lithology. Through his studies he made, in 1843. 

 a discovery that greatly increased the commercial 

 value of zinc ore. In 1852 he came to the United 

 States and invented the blanket system of amalga- 

 mation. The richness of the first Comstock lode 

 was made known to the world by his assay of min- 

 eral specimens from that district. 



Augur, Christopher Colon, military officer, born 

 I in New York, July 10, 1821 ; died in Washington, 

 D. C., Jan. 16, 1898. He was graduated at the United 

 States Military Academy, and commissioned a brevet 





2d lieutenant in the 2d Infantry in 1843; was pro- 

 moted 3d lieutenant in the 4th Infantry, Sept. 12, 

 1845; 1st lieutenant, Feb. 16, 1847; captain, Aug. 1, 

 1852; major in the 13th Infantry, May 14,1861; 

 lieutenant colonel of the 12th Infantry, July 1, 1863 ; 

 colonel, March 15, 1866; and brigadier general. 

 March 4, 1869 ; and was retired July 10, 1885. In 

 the volunteer service he was commis'sioned a briga- 

 dier general, Nov. 12, 1861 ; promoted major general, 

 Aug. 9, 1862 ; and mustered out Sept. 1, 1866. He 

 was brevetted 

 colonel in the 

 regular army, 

 Aug. 9, 1862, for 

 services at Ce- 

 dar Mountain, 

 Va., and briga- 

 diergeneraland 

 major general, 

 both March 13, 

 1865,forservices 

 at Port Hudson, 

 La., and in the 

 field during the 

 war. Gen. Au- 

 gur was one of 

 the few officers 

 who received 



commissions during the war for specific distin- 

 guished services, having won the volunteer rank of 

 major general by his conduct at the battle of Cedar 

 Mountain. His earliest service was as aid to Gen. 

 Hopping, and after that officer's death to Gen. 

 Gushing, in the Mexican War. After that war he 

 served on the northern frontier and on the Pacific 

 coast, and distinguished himself in operations 

 against hostile Indians in Oregon. When the civil 

 war broke out he was commandant of cadets at the 

 Military Academy, but was soon in the field with a 

 volunteer commission. His greatest achievement 

 was as commander of a division under Gen. Banks 

 in the battle of Cedar Mountain, where he was se- 

 verely wounded. Subsequently he served in the 

 Louisiana campaign, and at the siege of Port Hud- 

 son he commanded the left wing of the army. In 

 1864-'65 he commanded the Department of Wash- 

 ington ; in 1866-'69, that of the Platte : in 1869- 

 '82, that of the South ; and in 1882-'85. that of the 

 Missouri. 



Ayer, Josephine Mellin Southwick, philan- 

 thropist, born in Medway, Mass., Dec. 15, 1825 ; died 

 in Paris, France, Jan. 3, 1898. She was of Quaker 

 descent, and was the daughter of a prosperous man- 

 ufacturer of Lowell, Mass. In 1859 she married Dr. 

 John C. Ayer, a well-known chemist and manufac- 

 turer of patent medicines, at whose death she came 

 into possession of great wealth. Since 1889 she had 

 resided in Paris. France, where she entertained 

 sumptuously, promoted music and the fine arts, and 

 took special pleasure in aiding struggling American 

 artists and singers. Her private and public chari- 

 ties at home and abroad were exceedingly liberal. 

 The most cherished object of her benefactions was 

 the Ayer Home for Young Women and Children, 

 which she founded and maintained in Lowell. (See 

 GIFTS AND BEQUESTS.) 



Bagley, Worth, naval officer, born in Raleigh, 

 N. C., April 6, 1874; killed at Cardenas, Cuba, May 

 11, 1898. His father was William H. Bagley, a 

 major in the Confederate army, and for nearly 

 twenty years clerk of the Supreme Court of North 

 Carolina, and his mother the youngest daughter of 

 the late Gov. Jonathan Worth. He was graduated 

 at the United States Naval Academy in 1895, and 

 after two years' service afloat on the " Montgom- 

 ery," the " Texas," and the " Maine," was promoted 

 to ensign July 1, 1897. After a short service on 



