OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (CALDERON CHAPLEAU.) 



587 



Calderon, Philip Hermogenes, an English 

 painter, born in Poitiers, France, in 1833 : died in 

 London, May 1, 1898. fie studied art in Paris, set- 

 tled in London, and exhibited "By Babylon's Wa- 

 ters" in 1853 at the Royal Academy, where he had 

 one or more pictures every year until he was elected 

 in 1867 a member, and from that time, too, he ex- 

 hibited almost as regularly, extending his range 

 from the historical subjects that first occupied his 

 brush exclusively into the fields of realistic genre, 

 poetic, and legendary art, portraiture, and other 

 branches of painting. Some of his notable produc- 

 tions have been "The Jailer's Daughter" (1858); 

 "The Return from Moscow" (1861); "Burial of 

 Bam pden" (1864); "Her Grace "(1866); "Whither?" 

 (1868); "Sighing his Soul into his Lady's Face" 

 (ISO!)) ; " The Virgin's Bower " (1870) ; " On her Way 

 to the Throne " (1871) ; " In a Palace Tower " (1872) ; 

 " The Queen of the Tournament " (1874) ; " Co- 

 quettes " (1875); "His Reverence" (1876); "The 

 Bird's Nest " (1876) ; " Joan of Arc " (1878) ; " Home 

 they brought her Warrior Dead " (1877) ; " Summer 

 Breezes " (1878) ; " Captives of Bow and Spear " (1880) ; 

 " Flowers of the Earth " (1881) ; " Joyous Summer " 

 (1883); " Night " (1884) ; and "Morning'' (1885). 



Carlingfbrd, Chichester Samuel Parkinson- 

 Fortescue, Lord, a British statesman, born in Coun- 

 ty I jouth, Ireland, Jan. 18, 1823 ; died in Marseilles, 

 France, Jan. 30, 1898. He was a son of Lieut.-Col. 

 Chichester Fortescue, who sat in the Irish Parliament, 

 and was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, taking 

 his bachelor's degree in 1845, and gaining the chan- 

 cellor's prize for a Latin essay in 1846. In 1847 he 

 was elected a member of Parliament for County 

 Louth, which he represented continuously for twen- 

 ty-seven years. He gained the ear of the House by 

 his first speech, delivered in 1848, in support of Lord 

 John Russell's bill for the removal of Jewish dis- 

 abilities. He became an effective debater on the 

 Liberal side, and in 1854 was appointed by Lord 

 Aberdeen a Junior Lord of the Treasury. After 

 filling various other offices, he was advanced in 1857 

 to the Under Secretaryship for the Colonies, which 

 he held during the whole of Lord Palmerston's 

 ministry, from 1859 to 1865. On the reconstruc- 

 tion Cabinet, after Lord Palmerston's death, Mr. 

 Fortescue was appointed at a critical juncture in 

 Irish affairs to the responsible post of Chief Secre- 

 tary for Ireland. On account of Fenian activity the 

 habeas corpus act was suspended in 1866. He sug- 

 gested a plan for transferring to the Roman Cath- 

 olics a part of the revenues of the Irish Church, 

 and introduced a bill providing for long leases of 

 land and the compensation of evicted tenants for 

 permanent improvements, to be fixed by official 

 valuers and measured by the increased letting value 

 of the land. The Government fell before this bill 

 came to a vote. When Mr. Gladstone came into 

 power in 1868 he reappointed Chichester Fortescue 

 Irish Secretary, and was aided by him in carrying 

 through the disestablishment bill, and improved 

 the land bill by adding a' clause granting tenants 

 compensation for disturbance. In 1870 he intro- 

 duced a peace preservation bill, and at the begin- 

 ning of the following year he was transferred to the 

 office of President of the Board of Trade. By a 

 warning circular to railroad companies in 1873 he 

 induced them to guard against accidents, which 

 through their negligence had grown alarmingly 

 frequent. When the Liberal Government went out 

 in February, 1874, Chichester Fortescue was raised 

 to the peerage as Baron Carlingford, and thirteen 

 years afterward he succeeded his brother as Baron 

 Clermont. He was appointed Lord Privy Seal in 

 1881, and in 1883 succeeded Lord Spencer as Lord 

 President of the Council, retiring when his party 

 was defeated in 1885. 



I 



Carroll, Lewis. See DODGSON. 



Cavalotti. Felice, an Italian statesman, born in 

 Milan, Nov. 6, 1842 ; died in Rome, March. 6, 1898. 

 He belonged to the old Venetian family of Baffo- 

 Cavalotti. From childhood he was filled with pa- 

 triotic rage against the Austrian masters of Lom- 

 bardy, and in 1859 published a political tract en- 

 titled " Germania e Italia." While a law student 

 he joined Gen. Medici's volunteer legion for the 

 deliverance of lower Italy in 1860, and six years 

 later he fought the Austrians with Garibaldi's 

 band, taking part in the battle of Vezza. After the 

 campaign, instead of devoting himself to his pro- 

 fession, he plunged into journalism and politics. 

 He started the republican journal " Gazzetina 

 Rosa," which involved him in perpetual legal prose- 

 cutions and duels. He first gained celebrity in 1868 

 by publishing revolutionary and antidynastic po- 

 etry, was elected to the Chamber from Corteolona. 

 and took the lead in the Extreme Left by his ardent 

 and eloquent denunciations of political corruption 

 and immorality of all kinds. He was the bitterest 

 opponent of Francisco Crispi, whom he never for- 

 gave for deserting the republican principles of Maz- 

 zini. In discussions of foreign policy he took the 

 lead of the Radicals who opposed the Triple Alli- 

 ance and advocated a rapprochement with France. 

 Cavalotti, who had fought 32 duels during his 

 political career, was killed in one by Ferruccio 

 Macola, a Conservative Deputy, whose newspaper 

 he had charged with printing "lies. Cavalotti was 

 the author of a dozen plays that have been greatly 

 admired in Italy. " II Canzone " and " La figlia de 

 Jephta " have been played in other countries. His 

 first drama, " I Pezzenti," was produced in Milan in 

 1871. His " Alcibiades" won a national prize. His 

 last one was " Agatodemon," a comedy in four acts. 

 He translated the poems of Tyrtasus into Italian. 



Ceneri, Giuseppe, an Italian politician, born in 

 Bologna in 1827; died there in June, 1898. He left 

 the university as doctor of laws at the age of eight- 

 een, joined the Piedmontese army in 1848, but re- 

 turned soon, his health not being strong, to teach 

 criminal law in the Athenaeum at Bologna. In 1859 

 he became Secretary of Public Instruction in the 

 Provisional Government, and as a Deputy voted for 

 the abolition of the temporal power of the Pope. 

 Nominated afterward to a judicial office, he pre- 

 ferred to return to his professorial chair. In 1867, 

 however, he offered himself as a candidate for the 

 Chamber, and in 1868 he was arrested in conse- 

 quence of the political tumults and was deprived of 

 his chair in the university, which shortly afterward 

 was restored to him by the Correnti. He was elected 

 over Minghetti in 1869, and again sat in the Cham- 

 ber in 1882, voting with the Left. His course on 

 Roman law in the university of Bologna was the 

 most esteemed in Italy. He was one of the most 

 brilliant of Italian orators. 



Chapleau, Sir Joseph Adolphe, a Canadian 

 statesman, born in Quebec in 1840 ; died in Mon- 

 treal, June 13, 1898. He was educated in a college 

 of his native province, studied law, was called to 

 the bar in 1861, and was made a Queen's counsel in 

 187b and appointed in that year Solicitor-General 

 in the Quebec Government, holding the office, with 

 an intermission of a year, till 1878. He was then 

 chosen leader of the Conservative Opposition, and 

 in 1879 was called upon to form a Cabinet. He 

 remained Premier of 'Quebec until 1883, when he 

 resigned in order to take the portfolio of Secretary 

 of State in the Dominion Government. In 1892 he 

 resigned that office to become Minister of Customs, 

 and in 1893 he was appointed Lieutenant Governor 

 of the province of Quebec. This post he filled for 

 five years. Having founded in 1872 the Credit Fon- 

 cier Franco-Canadien, he was made by President 



