768 



UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. 



the conclusion of the treaty of peace, which shall 

 determine the control, disposition, and government 

 of the Philippines. 



ART. IV. Spain will immediately evacuate Cuba, 

 Puerto Rico, and other islands now under Spanish 

 sovereignty in the West Indies ; and to this end 

 each Government will, within ten days after the 

 signing of this protocol, appoint commissioners, 

 and the commissioners so appointed shall, within 

 thirty days after the signing of this protocol, meet 

 at Havana for the purpose of arranging and carry- 

 ing out the details of the aforesaid evacuation of 

 Cuba and the adjacent Spanish islands, and each 

 Government will, within ten days after the signing 

 of this protocol, appoint other 'commissioners who 

 shall within thirty days after the signing of this , 

 protocol, meet at San Juan, in Puerto Rico, for 

 the purpose of arranging and carrying out the de- 

 tails of the aforesaid evacuation of Puerto Rico 

 and other islands now under Spanish sovereignty 

 in the West Indies. 



ART. V. The United States and Spain will each 

 appoint not more than five commissioners to treat 

 of peace, and the commissioners so appointed shall 

 meet at Paris not later than Oct. 1, 1898, and 

 proceed to the negotiation and conclusion of a 

 treaty of peace, which treaty shall be subject to 

 ratification according to the respective constitu- 

 tional forms of the two countries. 



ART. VI. Upon the conclusion and signing of 

 this protocol hostilities between the two countries 

 shall be suspended, and notice to that effect shall 

 be given as soon as possible by each Government to 

 the commanders of its military and naval forces. 



The naval and military commanders on both 

 sides were ordered to cease hostilities, and the 

 blockade of Cuba was discontinued. 



The expenditures for the army during the war 

 were estimated at $78,500,000 ; for the navy, $36,- 

 000,000; total, $114,500,000. The army lost 33 

 officers and 257 men killed in battle ; 4 officers and 

 61 men died from wounds, and 80 officers and 2,485 

 men from disease ; total, 2,910 out of 274,717 

 officers and men in the service. The casualties in 

 the. navy were 18 killed in battle, 29 from injuries 

 received, 1 drowned, and 56 from disease. 



The arms surrendered at Santiago included 16,- 

 902 Mauser, 872 Argent, and 6,118 Remington 

 rifles, 1,247 carbines, 4,651,000 rounds of small-arm 

 ammunition, 30 bronze, 10 iron, and 8 steel rifled 

 cannon, 5 mortars, 44 smooth-bore cannon, 3,551 

 solid shot, 437 shrapnel, and 2,577 shells. The ves- 

 sels sunk by Admiral Sampson's squadron off San- 

 tiago were the armored cruisers " Cristobal Colon," 

 " vizcaya," " Maria Teresa," and " Almirante 

 Oquendo," and the destroyers " Furor " and " Phi- 

 ton." The gunboats "Maria Ponton," "Delgado 

 Perado," "Jose Garcia," "Cuba." and "Espanola" 

 were burned, and the transport " Gloria " sunk, at 

 Manzanillo on July 18. Admiral Dewey's squad- 

 ron sunk in the battle of Cavite the cruisers "Reina 

 Christina," " Castilla," " Ulloa," " Isla de Cuba," 

 " Isla de Luzon," and " General Lezo," the gun- 

 boats " Duero," " Correo," and " Velasco," and one 

 transport. Of the ships sunk at Manila the " Isla 

 de Luzon," " Isla de Cuba." and " Don Juan de 

 Austria " were raised and repaired by the skill of 

 Naval Constructor G. W. Capps, and now belong to 

 the American navy. The naval vessels captured in 

 the Philippines were the torpedo boat " IJarcelo," 

 the iron gunboats "Leyte" and " Callao," the 

 wooden gunboat " Mindanao," the iron transport 

 " Manila," and the tugs " Rapido " and " Hercules." 

 Lieut. Ilobson raised the "Maria Teresa," but she 

 was driven in a storm upon a reef off" Cat island 

 while being towed to the United States. The gun- 

 boat "Sandoval," sunk in Guantanamo harbor, was 



raised by Commander McCalla. The steel gunboat 

 " Alvarado" was captured at Santiago. The other 

 vessels taken in Cuban waters were the gunboats 

 " Hernan Cortez," " Pizarro," " Vasco Nunez," 

 " Diego Velasquez," " Alerta," " Ardilla," " Tra- 

 dera," " Flecha," " Ligera," " Satellite," " Mar- 

 garit," " Vigia," " General Blanco," " Intrepida," 

 and " Canto." each of about 300 tons. 



Administration of the Army. The condition 

 of the United States troops became pitiful after the 

 surrender of Santiago. Several cases of yellow 

 fever had developed in camp during the invest- 

 ment. The endemic malarial fever, frequently 

 mistaken for yellow fever, spread rapidly through 

 the ranks while the men were in the trenches, find- 

 ing them in an extremely susceptible condition, 

 owing to their privations and fatigues, their lack of 

 proper and sufficient food, of preventive medicines. 

 and of clothing and shelter sufficient in the tropical 

 rains. The refugees who came out of Santiago when 

 the place was threatened with bombardment num- 

 bered nearly 20,000 persons, and carried infection 

 into the camps. When Gen. Miles reached the front 

 he ordered the town of Siboney, where a general 

 hospital had been established, into which the sick 

 refugees, some of them infected with yellow fever, 

 were admitted, to be burned to the ground. From 

 the refugees the fever spread to the army camps, 

 and the swamp fever and typhoid caused even more 

 mortality among the soldiers. Secretary Alger had 

 given instructions to have the troops moved back into 

 the mountains, to remain in camp there until the 

 yellow fever had run its course among them. Some 

 of them began the toilsome march, though the con- 

 ditions were found to be fully as unsanitary in the 

 hills as near the coast, and Col. Roosevelt, of the 

 Rough Riders, assumed the responsibility of pro- 

 testing against the policy of the War Department. 

 He informed Gen. Shafter that not ten per cent, of 

 the troops were fit for service, and that the army 

 was likely to perish if it was kept in camp in Cuba 

 after the privations and exposure it had undergone. 

 All the division and brigade commanders united in 

 signing a round robin saying that the army must 

 be moved to save the lives of the soldiers, and this 

 document was given to the press. Gen. Miles also 

 urged the return of the army to the United States 

 as quickly as possible. Secretary Alger thereupon 

 issued orders to have the troops taken to a camp 

 prepared for them at Montauk Point, Long Island, 

 instructing Gen. Shafter at the same time that no 

 more reports must be divulged without the author- 

 ization of the W T ar Department. The regiments of 

 immunes alone were left to garrison the surren- 

 dered territory. Camp Wikoff, on Montauk Point. 

 near the eastern extremity of Long Island, was nat- 

 urally salubrious, but was not ready for the recep- 

 tion of the soldiers, either sick or well, when they 

 were hurried up from Cuba, crowded on 32 tr;i im- 

 ports, insufficiently provisioned and lacking med- 

 ical supplies. Most of the men were broken in 

 health in consequence of the fatigues, exposure, n ml 

 privations endured in Cuba : many were suffering 

 from climatic and camp diseases. The first t runs- 

 port arrived on Sept. 21. Not until the last one 

 came was a true case of yellow fever discovered. 

 The number of men who died on the voyage from 

 Cuba to Montauk Point was 37. In the camps in 

 Cnlia 427 deaths from disease occurred. In Puerto 

 Rico there were 137 deaths, and in camp near 

 .Manila 63 men died. The mortality at Camp 

 Wikoff during the brief period of its existence was 

 257. 



The first of the 12 main army camps in the 

 United States was established on April 14 atChicka- 

 manga Park, in Georgia, and was called Camp 

 Thomas. Here the regulars were concentrated and 



