126 



CHARITIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



784,000, and exports 38,000 in value: at 

 Quilimane tiie imports for 1895 were valued at 

 04,537, and exports at 715,344. Gold mining 

 lias been attempted by English companies in 

 Manica. The Delagoa Bay Railroad has a length 

 of 57 miles on Portuguese territory, and extends 

 290 miles into the Transvaal to Pretoria. The 

 Beira Railroad runs for 222 miles on Portuguese 

 territory to the border of Mashonaland. Tele- 

 graphs 'connect Beira with Salisbury and Lou- 

 renco Marques with Pretoria. The number of 

 vessels that entered the port of Mozambique in 

 1897 was 236, of 171.471 tons, of which 57, of 

 84,328 tons, were German, and 24, of 32,394 tons, 

 British: Beira was visited by 237 vessels, 118 of 

 them, of 131, (507 tons, British, and 58, of 80,061 

 tons, Gorman: Lourem;o Marques, by 267 ves- 

 sels, of 691. 

 32,850 tons. 



sels, of 691,000 tons; Chinde, by 69 vessels, of 



rques, 

 , by 6< 



German Southwest Africa. The total area 

 of the German sphere in Southwest Africa is 

 estimated at 322,450 square miles, with a popu- 

 lation of about 200,000 Hottentots, Bushmen, 

 Damaras, and Kaffirs. The number of whites 

 in 1897 was 2,628. The military force numbers 

 755 officers and men, exclusive of the native 

 troops. The revenue for 1896 was 1,856,860 

 marks, of which only 156,860 marks were col- 

 lected in the country and 1,700,000 marks were 

 contributed from the imperial treasury. The ex- 

 penditure was 1.991,480 marks. For 1899 the 

 revenue is estimated at 6,970,000 marks, includ- 

 ing an imperial contribution, and the expendi- 

 ture at 5,001,000 marks. The chief imports are 

 cotton cloth and provisions. The exports are 

 guano and ostrich feathers. The total value of 

 the imports for 1897 was 244,366, and of the 

 exports 62.337. The German authorities, fol- 

 lowing the example of Natal and Rhodesia, have 

 taken measures to restrict and hamper the opera- 

 tions of Hindu traders. One edict forbids any 

 more selling of goods to the natives on credit, 

 because the Indian dealers have reduced the coast 

 natives to a state of dependence by means of 

 usurious contracts; and another edict imposes 

 excessively high trading licenses. 



CHARITIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 

 The object of this article is to show, as nearly 

 as possible, the amount appropriated or expended 

 by each State as a unit and by the largest mu- 

 nicipalities as units toward the support and 

 proper care of institutions and individuals under 

 certain specified headings within their respective 

 boundary limits, and also to exhibit, as com- 

 pletely as can be done from available reports, 

 the totals of individuals benefited by such ap- 

 propriations or expenditures. These headings, 

 grouped together, represent the principal chari- 

 ties recognized officially by State and municipal 

 governments. The classes treated of include: 

 1. Poor in poorhouses, etc. 2. Destitute children. 

 3. Sick and injured. 4. Blind. 5. Deaf and dumb. 

 6. Feeble-minded. 7. Insane. 8. Epileptics. 



Some of the minor classes are not mentioned 

 in the foregoing, and several combinations are 

 omitted because they are exceptional. For ex- 

 ample, in Colorado there is an institution for deaf 

 and blind. A special appropriation is made in 

 that State also for dependent children, for whom 

 a home is provided, and still another for a sol- 

 diers' and sailors' home. Idaho has an appro- 

 priation under the special heading, Blind, dumb, 

 and deaf. In several States, notably Indiana and 

 Iowa, special provision is made for soldiers' or- 

 phans. In Massachusetts the appropriation for 

 insane includes provision for epileptics and dipso- 

 maniacs. Nebraska sustains a home for the 



friendless. West Virginia has established a home 

 for incurables. 



State and municipal provision for the criminal 

 classes is not included in this article. Owing to 

 a lack of proper definition with reference to in- 

 dustrial and reform institutions for children, it 

 has been deemed best not to include here items 

 that are given under headings referring to these 

 classes. 



It is impossible within the limits of this arti- 

 cle to exhibit much more than an outline; but, 

 through the courtesy of State executives, their 

 departmental officers, the general secretary of the 

 National Conference of Charities and Corrections, 

 the Commissioner of Labor in Washington, the 

 special agent in charge of statistics of crime, pau- 

 perism, and benevolence for the eleventh census, 

 and others who are interested in the general sub- 

 ject, a sufficiently full showing has been made 

 available to form a statement of great interest. 

 A summary of recent and pending legislation and 

 the latest Federal statistics on the subject of 

 pauperism and benevolence will be found at the 

 end of this article. 



Alabama. According to an official statement 

 recently received, there are only two charitable 

 institutions supported by the State i. e., the 

 Institute for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind, at Tal- 

 ladega, and the Asylum for the Insane, at Tusca- 

 loosa. From the latest report it is noted that 

 what is known as the Institute for the Deaf, 

 Dumb, and Blind embraces three distinct estab- 

 lishments, divided into numerous departments, 

 including 171 deaf pupils, 100 blind pupils, and 

 53 negro deaf-mutes and blind. The insane asy- 

 lum is known as the Bryce Insane Hospital. It 

 will hold 1,100 patients, but the daily average 

 is in excess, being 1,276. The expenditure for 

 this latter institution in 1897-'98 was $145,424. 

 There are no statistics available concerning pau- 

 pers in county poorhouses. Children of more than 

 ten years of age are not allowed to remain in 

 poorhouses, but are assigned by probate judges 

 to respectable families. There are orphan homes 

 in connection with the churches. All the larger 

 cities of the State have hospitals. 



Alaska. No means have been provided in 

 Alaska for the care of orphans, old people, deaf 

 and dumb, blind, or insane persons. Steps have 

 been taken to provide, through Congress, for the 

 establishment of an asylum or sanatorium west 

 of the main range of the Rocky mountains for 

 care and custody of persons legally adjudged 

 insane in Alaska. Orphan children were formerly 

 made slaves, but the Christian missions have 

 largely done away with this cruelty. In the 

 village of Sitka are several men totally blind. 

 They are good fishermen, and earn their living 

 for the most part by fishing. Old people are 

 sadly neglected, unless one should be a woman 

 of high caste who has children. Such are well 

 taken care of. 



Arizona. The poor, sick, and injured are 

 cared for in county hospitals ; blind and deaf- . 

 mutes are sent to a blind asylum in an -Eastern 

 State, expense being paid by the Territory; 

 no provision is made for feeble-minded children; 

 168 insane patients are maintained entirely by 

 the Territory in the asylum at Phoenix. 



Arkansas. Reports have been received from 

 three institutions viz., the State Lunatic Asylum, 

 the School for the Blind, and the Deaf-mute In- 

 stitute. The lunatic asylum is at Little Rock, 

 and has a nominal capacity of 650. The daily 

 average number of patients is 550. The State 

 appropriation for two years ending April 1, 1899, 

 was $120,000. It is reported that the number 



