EVENTS IN 1899. 



265 



19. Switzerland: Congress of Zionists at Basle. 

 An American proposal rejected for the coloniza- 

 tion of Jews in the island of Cyprus. 



20. France: Continued riotous demonstrations 

 of anarchists, Socialists, and the like in Paris. 



21. Army: Secretary Root appoints Lieut.-Col. 

 Joseph P. Sanger to superintend the taking of a 

 census in Cuba. 



22. Washington: Ex-Speaker Thomas B. Reed 

 resigns his place in Congress. France: M. La- 

 bori is able to resume his duties with counsel in 

 the Dreyfus trial. 



23. Germany: The Emperor holds a council of 

 Prussian ministers at Potsdam. 



24. San Francisco: Enthusiastic reception of 

 California volunteers returning from the Philip- 

 pines. 



25. Russia: The Czar issues an order for the 

 systematic education of the children of the no- 

 bility. 



26. Egypt: Lord Kitchener opens the Atbara 

 bridge (of American construction) on the Soudan 

 Railway. United States and Germany : A parcels' 

 post convention signed. 



29. Navy: The new battle ship Alabama devel- 

 ops a speed of 17i knots on her trial trip. 



31. Brussels: The Chamber of Deputies rejects 

 a motion to revise the Constitution. 



September 4. France: The Senate summoned 

 by President Loubet to sit as a high court for 

 the trial of persons charged with treason. Phila- 

 delphia: Thirty-third annual encampment of the 

 Grand Army of the Republic. 



7. Detroit: National encampment of the Sons 

 of Veterans. 



9. France: The court-martial in Capt. Dreyfus's 

 case finds him guilty and sentences him to ten 

 years' imprisonment. Rioting in consequence at 

 Rennes and in Paris. 



10. France: The members of the Dreyfus court- 

 martial recommend that he be not again punished. 



12. Spain: Martial law declared in the province 

 of Vizcaya. 



13. Michigan: Gov. Pingree announces his re- 

 tirement from politics. 



14. Philadelphia: Opening of the National Ex- 

 port Exposition. 



17. Illinois: Eight negroes killed in a mining 

 riot at Cartersville. South Africa: The Trans- 

 vaal refuses to comply with English demands re- 

 garding the franchise. 



18. China protests against the order of Gen. 

 Otis excluding Chinese from the Philippines. 



20. St. Louis, Mo.: An antitrust conference of 

 State governors and attorneys-general begins its 

 sessions. Africa: A Russian exploring expedi- 

 tion discovers a hitherto unknown range of moun- 

 tains in Abyssinia. West Virginia: Two thou- 

 sand miners in the New River region strike for 

 higher wages. Algiers: Nine persons wounded 

 during an anti-Jewish riot. 



24. London: A mass meeting in Trafalgar 

 Square, nominally in sympathy with the Trans- 

 vaal Republic, turns into a war demonstration. 



25. Arrival of Admiral Dewey on the Olympia 

 in New York Bay. 



27. Chicago: Organization of the Young Peo- 

 ple's Christian Temperance Union. 



28. Venezuela: Caracas, the capital city, in- 

 vested by revolutionists. 



29-30. New York: Naval and land parades in 

 honor of Admiral Dewey's return. 



30. Army: Capt. Oberlin Carter sentenced by 

 court-martial to five years' imprisonment and 

 fined $5,000 for misappropriation of funds. Aus- 

 tria: Appointment of Count Clary as Prime Min- 

 ister. 



October 1. Philippine Islands: Insurgent com- 

 missioners hold an interview with Gen. Otis at 

 Manila. 



2. Texas: An enthusiastic welcome extended to 

 W. J. Bryan and other Democratic party leaders. 

 West Africa: .Members of a German exploring 

 expedition massacred by natives near the Cala- 

 bar river. 



3. South Africa: A treasure train wrecked with 

 apparent intent on its way to Cape Town. Paris : 

 The Venezuelan Court of Arbitration announces 

 its decision, which is in effect a compromise. 

 Yachting : First day of international sailing races 

 off New York. 



4. Philadelphia: Admiral Schley elected com- 

 mander of the Loyal Legion. Washington: The 

 President and members of the Cabinet start on a 

 journey through the middle West. 



10. South Africa: The Transvaal Republic pre- 

 sents an ultimatum to Great Britain. 



11. South Africa: An armed force invades Natal, 

 a British possession, thus beginning the South 

 African war. A British armored train wrecked 

 by the Dutch near Mafeking; 15 soldiers killed. 

 Norway: King Oscar under protest signs a bill 

 recognizing a separate Norwegian flag. Tennes- 

 see: An attempt to rob a bank at Servierville 

 results in the killing of one robber, while others 

 are wounded and one commits suicide rather than 

 be taken alive. 



15. West Africa: A German expedition against 

 the Cameroons kills 200 of them in revenge for 

 their attack upon a German expedition. 



16. Virginia: Opening of the Dismal Swamp 

 Canal, an important link in inland navigation 

 from Chesapeake Bay southward. Cuba: The 

 work of taking a census of the island begins under 

 American officials. 



17. England: Parliament meets to take action 

 in regard to the South African war. 



20. England: The House of Commons votes 

 large credits for war purposes. Washington 

 (State): Convention of the Women's Christian 

 Temperance Union. Yachting: Final race for 

 the America's Cup off New York. 



24. South Africa: The Orange Free State pro- 

 claims annexation of a part of the British terri- 

 tory. Venezuela: The revolution declared suc- 

 cessful. Colombia, South America: A revolution 

 in full progress; a naval fight takes place in the 

 Magdalena river. 



25. Russia : A large number of high Government 

 officials arrested for malfeasance in office. Illi- 

 nois: Strikers at Decatur engage in rioting 

 against officers and nonunion men. 



The month ends with the South African war 

 fairly begun between the Transvaal Republic and 

 the Orange Free State as allies against the British 

 Empire as represented by a somewhat inadequate 

 army hurried forward to meet the emergency. 

 Several sharp encounters have taken place, the 

 British generally getting the worst of it; the im- 

 portant British posts at Ladysmith, Mafeking, 

 and Kimberley are already closely invested by 

 superior forces. 



November 1. Navy: A three-days' test of Mar- 

 coni's wireless telegraphy by war vessels at sea 

 gives favorable results. 



2. Kansas: A sword of honor is presented ta 

 Gen. Frederick Funston by the State in recogni- 

 tion of his distinguished military services. 



6. Washington: The President appoints the 

 governors of all the States to serve as a commit- 

 tee on the centennial celebration of the establish- 

 ment of the national capital at Washington. 



8. Germany and Great Britain agree upon terms- 

 respecting the partition of the Samoan Islands. 



