272 FARMERS' NATIONAL CONGRESS. 



fruits, potatoes, and lambs; and she is learning 

 the use of the best improved implements." 



The congress voted to include in the printed 

 proceedings of the meeting a paper on Dairying, 

 prepared by the Hon. B. Walker McKeen, secre- 

 tary of the Maine State Board of Agriculture, 

 which there was not time to have read. 



BENJAMIN F. CLAYTON, 

 PRESIDENT OF THE FARMERS 1 CONGRESS, 1893-1897. 



The following officers were elected to serve for 

 two years: President, the Hon. W. D. Hoard, of 

 Fort Atkinson, Wis.; first vice-president, Capt. 

 R. G. F. Candage, of Massachusetts; second vice- 

 president, Col. John S. Cuningham, of North 

 Carolina; secretary, John M. Stahl, of Chicago, 

 111.; first assistant secretary, George A. Stock- 

 well, of Rhode Island; second, D. C. Kolp, of 

 Texas; third, E. A. Callahan, of New York; treas- 

 urer, the Hon. Levi Morrison, of Pennsylvania; 

 executive committee, the Hon. B. F. Clayton, of 

 Indianola, Iowa, chairman; Dr. E. L. Furness, of 

 Indiana ; the Hon. W. G. Whitmore, of Nebraska ; 

 E. F. Wetstein, of Kentucky; Col. T. C. Slaugh- 

 ter, of Texas. The following State vice-presidents 

 were chosen: Alabama, George I. Motz; Arkan- 

 sas, R. R. Dinwiddie; California, D. L. Cantlin; 

 Colorado, F. Bemis; Connecticut, J. H. Hale; 

 Delaware, J. A. Whitaker; Florida, T. J. Apple- 

 yard; Georgia, W. G. Northen; Idaho, W. H. 

 Buchanan; Illinois, A. F. Moore; Indiana, J. N. 

 Babcock; Indian Territory, Mrs. Julietta A. Jor- 

 dan; Iowa, Eugene Secor; Kansas, T. M. Potter; 

 Kentucky, C. S. Longest; Louisiana, John Dy- 

 mond; Maine, O. Gardner; Maryland, W. L. 

 Amos; Massachusetts, O. B. Hadwen; Michigan, 

 C. S. Kelsey; Minnesota, W. M. Liggett; Missis- 

 sippi, Charles Scott; Missouri, G. W. Waters; 

 Montana, C. W. Hoffman; Nebraska, P. M. 

 Morse; Nevada, S. P. Davis; New Hampshire, 

 J. D. Roberts; New Jersey, Franklin Dye; New 

 Mexico, A. Goetz; New York, F. E. Dawley; 

 North Carolina, J. S. Cuningham; North Da- 

 kota, S. M. Edwards; Ohio, D. L. Pope; Okla- 

 homa, H. A. Todd; Oregon, R. Baird; Pennsyl- 

 vania, John Hamilton; Rhode Island, H. L. 

 Greene; South Dakota, H. L. Loucks; Tennessee, 



. M. Slaughter; Texas, W. A. Rhea; Vermont, 

 H. Morse; Virginia, H. E. Alvord; Washing- 

 ton, D. Buchanan; West Virginia, John Myers; 



FINANCIAL REVIEW OF 1899. 



Wisconsin, E. M. Anderson; Wyoming, E. L. 

 Ramsey. 



Resolutions were adopted favoring rural free- 

 mail delivery, and asking for its rapid extension; 

 protesting against any national appropriation to 

 be expended directly or indirectly in the irriga- 

 tion of lands; recommending farmers to write to 

 members of legislatures and Congress in favor 

 of the legislation asked for by the congress; re- 

 questing Congress " to pass an act providing that 

 no dairy or food products shall be falsely branded 

 or labeled as to the State or Territory in which 

 they are made or produced " ; commending the 

 efforts of Massachusetts to exterminate the gypsy 

 moth, and recommending national aid in the 

 work; recommending to the States in which bo- 

 vine tuberculosis exists an investigation of that 

 disease to determine if there may not be a better 

 Way of treating the disease than is now in prac- 

 tice; requesting Congress to take such action as 

 may be necessary to prevent unjust discrimina- 

 tion in freight rates; calling on Congress to enact 

 such legislation as will enable American-built 

 mail carriers and freighters to compete success- 

 fully with the subsidized and bountied merchant 

 ships of foreign countries in carrying our imports 

 and exports; requesting Congress to enact a law 

 providing that oleomargarine, butterine, imita- 

 tion butter, imitation cheese, etc., when trans- 

 ported into any State or Territory, whether for 

 sale, use, or storage, shall upon arrival become 

 subject to the laws of such State or Territory 

 enacted in the exercise of its police powers, and 

 not be exempt by reason of being transported in 

 the . original importer's package ; requesting the 

 several States to support in a greater degree the 

 public-school system ; commending the Pan-Amer- 

 ican Exposition in 1901 as an opportunity for 

 the complete representation of the agricultural 

 resources of the Americas; approving the efforts 

 of the National Dairy Union to secure the pas- 

 sage of a law by Congress increasing the internal- 

 revenue tax on oleomargarine to ten cents a 

 pound; asking Congress to enact a pure-food 

 law, prohibiting the transmission from State to 

 State of articles of food which are injurious to 

 the public health and the interstate traffic in 

 adulterated foods, and compelling the labeling of 

 compound foods in such a manner as to advise 

 consumers of their character and composition; 

 declaring in favor of the patriotic principle of 

 home-grown products to supply the needs and 

 requirements of our people, and especially com- 

 mending the beet-sugar industry; and asking 

 Congress to pass a law to prevent the false brand- 

 ing and labeling of maple sugar or maple sirup 

 as to the State in which it is manufactured or 

 produced. The congress also adopted the usual 

 resolutions of thanks to the press, to those who 

 had welcomed the congress to Boston, and to 

 all who had made the meeting of the congress 

 profitable or pleasant. 



FINANCIAL REVIEW OF 1899. Early in 

 the year there was more or less political friction 

 between Great Britain and France growing out 

 of the irritation resulting from the Fashoda in- 

 cident, and at the same time the feeling seemed 

 to prevail among the French people that Great 

 Britain desired to provoke war. The action of 

 the Bank of France, at the close of the previous 

 year, in refusing to discount financial bills, 

 though it was intended to force the French banks 

 to withdraw money they had so long employed 

 in promoting speculation in Germany, was 

 thought to give some color to the rumor that 

 the Bank of France had reason to know that 

 war with England was impending. The internal 



