310 



GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS. (ARCTIC REGIONS.) 



16 of the latter. In July the ice showed signs 

 of opening. The ship got free on Aug. 2 of this 

 year. She steamed south, and on the 12th, just 



AbruzziTephe^w of" King Humbert of Italy. It a year from parting with the Hope, she met the 

 WJ th* StPlla Polare for Franz Diana at Etah. All the supplies landed by the 



Another polar expedition was on its way to 

 the north when Wellman's was returning. They 

 met on Aug. 8. This is led by the Duke of the 



p Archangel in the Stella Polare for .. 



Josef 'Land provided with dogs and balloons, and latter were stored and Peary went to Cape York 

 consisted of a force of guides and sailors besides * -^ H*^ .nH sloH* for h, a r. 

 the duke and three naval officers. 



Lieut. Peary's steamer, the Windward, arrived 

 at Newfoundland on its homeward voyage in 

 September. The highest latitude reached was 82 



in her, gathering dogskins and sleds for his ex- 

 pedition next spring. Last winter was the coldest 

 in the arctic in his experience. The thermometer 

 dropped to 70 below zero, though there was 

 no snow or storms. Kane Basin did not empty 



w ntVr qua eT were at AHman Bay, and of ice during the season." 



. -_ , rKv. TTI Tvmlrino- an PYPlirsinr 



excursions were made thence in various direc- 

 tions, especially northward, in order to place 

 stores of provisions. In all, 4,000 pounds of pro- 



In making an excursion from Fort Conger to- 

 ward the northern extremity of Grinnell Land 

 the explorer's feet were badly frost bitten, and 



visions, including meat for dogs, were left at the seven of his toes had to be amputated in conse- 

 prominent headlands along the west side of the quence. This disaster interfered with his plans 



for work. Buchanan Strait, 

 so called, was found to be a 

 closed bay. Ellsmere Land 

 and Grinnell Land, as it 

 seems, form one great island. 

 The supposed Hayes Sound 

 was found to have no exist- 

 ence. 



Capt. Sverdrup, whose plan 

 was to supplement the ex- 

 plorations of Nansen in 

 Greenland, wintered with the 

 Fram about 50 miles south 

 of Peary's ship, at Cocked 

 Hat island, just within Cape 

 Sabine. The explorations seem 

 to have been confined to Ells- 

 mere Land. The surgeon, Dr. 

 Svensen, died during their 

 absence. 



In an expedition to east 

 Greenland Lieut. Amdrup ex- 

 plored and mapped the south- 

 ern half of the coast between 

 Augmagsalik and Scoresby 

 Sound. At 67 15' north he 

 found the remains of a set- 

 tlement of Eskimos. Within 

 and about the ruined huts 

 were skeletons of the unfor- 

 tunates, who, as was conjec- 

 tured from the implements 

 and bits of clothing found, 

 had migrated to the spot 

 about thirty years before, 

 and probably had died of an 

 epidemic. 



An account came from Ta- 

 coma in September, 1899, of 

 a very successful scientific 

 journey in the arctic regions, 

 accomplished with ^ a very 

 simple outfit and with much 

 smaller means than usually 

 go to the fitting out of arctic 

 expeditions. The dispatch 

 channel separating Grinnell Land from Greenland, said : " A. J. Stone, corresponding member of the 

 " At Fort Conger, Greely's old headquarters in Museum of Natural History in New York'; study- 

 Lady Franklin Bay, Peary found the Greely house ing the geographical distribution of anhnals, has 

 and its contents just as left by his predecessor just finished a two years' trip about the arctic 

 fifteen years ago, with the table set for the last circle in quest of mammals and information re- 

 meal. He also found all the property left by garding various tribes of natives that inhabit that 

 Greely's people, including many relics of pre- section, often without companions save a solitary 

 vious expeditions, all of which he removed with native and a team of dogs. During five months 



A PORTION OF GRINNELL LAND. 



great care and had transported to the Windward. 

 Peary made one trip from Fort Conger to Beechy 



of last winter he covered 3,000 miles of arctic 

 coast and mountain travel above the arctic cir- 



Cape, on the confines of the polar sea. After cuit. This performance breaks all records of pre- 



spending April in crossing Ellsmere Land, Peary vious arctic land travels. The best previous ef- 



worked south in May and June, hunting walrus fort was that of McClintock, who traveled 700 



and musk oxen, securing 100 of the former and miles in one hundred and forty-five days.. 



