326 



GERMANY. 





cers and 11,996 men; 288 district commands, 

 numbering 817 officers and 5,499 men; and 2,623 

 surgeons, instructors, etc., making the total for 



'n flip table are kept apart from the extraorc mig ,,-*w ^^, ^ ^,w^ 



i /-I;- Kiii ont* imoimtino 1 in surgeons, instructors, etc., making the total for 

 TsUtTKui^ ^infantry 13,251 officers and 383 058 men; 93 



works \lmost the entire debt regiments of cavalry, numbering 2,385 officers and 

 and other 65,853 men, not including 817 officers and men 

 on special details; 43 regiments of field artillery, 

 numbering 2,671 officers and 57,984 men, not in- 



istTand Ih7VaVraiiroads; which latter yielded eluding 810 officers and men detailed for special 



marks in 1897. In service; 17 regiments and 1 battalion of fortress 

 sv- artillery, numbering 870 officers and 22,713 men, 

 of not including 132 on special service; 23 battalions 

 of engineers, 3 railroad regiments, 2 balloon de- 

 tachments, 1 railroad battalion, and 3 railroad 

 companies, numbering altogether 738 officers and 



was incurred for railroads, telegraphs 

 reproductive works, and more than halt >I tnt 

 total revenue is derived from domains and for- 



a net revenue of 37,540,190 



Schaumburg-Lippe the Prince disposes of the rev- 

 enue, controlled by a Diet. Of the 

 Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt one fourth is covered 

 by investments. The Prince of Schwarzburg- 

 ison has a large private income 



from 



!N/vnflOTQnH.lI8PTl ilJlS it litli-Lt; I J - 1 M K . , . 



. M- v besides receiving a civil list of 500,- 19,085 men, not counting 127 on special service; 

 Sou 1 , rirk The finances of Waldeck are man- 21 battalions of train, numbering 310 officers and 



" 765 men, not counting 69 on special service; 509 



2,442 staff and nonregimental officers with 283 

 men; total peace strength, 23,176 officers and 

 562,277 men, with 98 038 horses, of which 64,604 



a< r ed bv Prussian officials. -v . , , , . 



^The'Armv The German army is composed officers and /,/65 men m special formations; and 



of 21 corps, each organized as a strategical unit, * **> *-* - ' i.*rfi rtml flfWr wifh 983 

 with the cavalry, artillery, auxiliary services, and 

 supply arrangements necessary to enable it to 

 operate as a complete army. Every one of these, are m the cavalry, 29,044 m the field artillery, 43 

 except the Hessian separate division, which is in the fortresses, and 4,347 in the train. The one- 

 only brought up to the strength of an army corps year volunteers, numbering about 8,000, are not 

 in time of war, consists of two divisions of in- -*-' - - K^+ TO .*+<<>+ ou fi,^ co o 

 fantry, to each of which a regiment of cavalry 

 is attached, one division of 4 regiments of cavalry, 

 to which are attached 2 batteries of horse artil- 

 lery, a reserve of artillery, consisting of 6 field 

 batteries and 1 mounted battery, 1 battalion of 

 train, and 1 battalion of pioneers. Besides the 



counted in the budgetary statement, as they serve 

 at their own expense. Out of 400,000 or more 

 young men arriving at the age of twenty each 

 year nine tenths are fit for military service, but 

 only about 240,000 are drafted into the active 

 army. These are chosen by lot, and the remain- 

 ing 120,000 are enrolled in the Ersatztruppen, or 



, 



Prussian corps of the guards, there are 12 Prus- reserves, a part of whom are drilled ten weeks 

 sian corps and 7 raised in other states, of which in the first year, six in the second, and four in the 

 the 2 Bavarian corps and the Wiirtemberg corps third. The drill sergeants and other noncommis 

 i _!__.: _j:_j. j : *;, ~f 



are provided for and administered in time of 

 peace by the state governments, and officers are 

 appointed, subject to the Emperor's approval, by 

 the rulers of the two states. All the other corps 

 are under the direction of the Prussian Ministry 

 of War. The First Army Corps is the East Prus- 

 sian, the Second the Pomeranian, the Third the 



sioned officers are selected soldiers, who choose 

 to remain with the army after the expiration of 

 the period of enforced service, which is two years 

 for the infantry and three years for the other 

 arms; and when they become too old for the 

 service they are provided with civil employment 

 on railroads, in forests, or in other state services 



Brandenburger, the Fourth the Saxon, the Fifth for which they are fitted. The infantry is armed 



the Posen, the Sixth the Silesian, the Seventh -*"- "-- -*-- -*~* -* ^ *A^a I 



the Westphalian, the Eighth the Rhineland, the 

 Ninth the Schleswig-Holstein, the Tenth the Han- 

 overian, the Eleventh the Hesse-Nassau, the 

 Twelfth the royal Saxon, the Thirteenth the Wiir- 

 temberg, the Fourteenth the Baden, the Fifteenth 

 the Alsatian, the Sixteenth the Lorraine, and the 

 Seventeenth the West Prussian. The First and 

 Second Bavarian Corps are not numbered con- 

 secutively with the others. The empire is divided 

 into 10 fortress districts, containing 17 fortified 

 camps, besides 19 other fortresses. The fortified 

 camps are Konigsberg and Dantzic, in the Konigs- 

 berg district; Posen and Neisse, in the Posen dis- 

 trict; Spandau, Magdeburg, and Kiistrin, in the 

 Berlin district > Mainz, Ulm, and Rastatt, in the 

 Mainz district; Cologne and Coblentz, in the Co- 

 logne district; Metz; Kiel; Strassburg; and In- 

 golstadt, in the Munich district. The minor 

 fortresses are Pillau, Memel, Friedrichsort, Cux- 

 haven, Geestemiinde, Wilhelmshaven, and Swine- 

 miinde, which are coast fortresses; Glogau, Tor- 

 gau, Diedenhofen, Bitsch, Wesel, Saarlouis, and 

 Germersheim, which are fortified for the protec- 

 tion of railroads and to command the railroads 

 leading into Germany; the forts at Boyen and 

 Glatz, on the Russian, and Neu Breisach. on the 

 French frontier; and those at Thorn, Graudenz, 

 Dirschau, and the Vistula, in the Thorn district, 

 on the Austro-Hungarian frontier. 



The strength of the German army on the peace 

 footing in 1899 was as follows: 215 regiments of 

 infantry, numbering 12,024 officers and 362,940 

 men; 19 battalions of rifles, numbering 410 offi- 



with Mauser rifles of the model of 1888, having a 

 caliber of 7.874 millimetres and 5 cartridges in 

 the magazine. The artillery has for its main 

 weapon the field gun of the models of 1873 and 

 1888, having a caliber of 88 millimetres. 



The Navy. Germany possesses 6 battle ships 

 of the first class, 4 of the second class, and 6 of 

 the third class; 19 effective coast-defense vessels, 

 consisting of 8 ironclad rams of the Siegfried 

 class and 11 armored gunboats of the Basilisk 

 class; 2 cruisers of the first class, 8 of the second 

 class, and 10 of the third class; and 4 torpedo 

 gunboats, 105 torpedo boats of the first class, 

 and 9 of the second class. There were building 



3 first-class battle ships, 1 cruiser of each of the 

 three classes, 4 more torpedo gunboats, and 8 

 first-class torpedo boats. As the vessels of older 

 construction now counted effective are gradually 

 retired, they are replaced by new ones of the 

 latest design. Thus the Konig Wilhelm, launched 

 in 1868, the Kaiser, launched in 1874, and the, 

 Deutschland, of the same date, are replaced by 

 powerful battle ships of the same design as the 

 Kaiser Friedrich III, launched in 1896, and the 

 Kaiser Wilhelm II, launched in 1897, having a dis- 

 placement of 11,180 tons, llf inches of armor 

 over the vital parts, engines of 13,000 horse power, 

 giving a speed of 18 knots, and an armament of 



4 9.6-inch guns in barbettes, with 18 6-inch quick- 

 firing guns and 32 of less caliber. The first-class 

 cruisers are the Kaiserin Augusta, provided with 

 3 independent screws, of which the middle one 

 alone can give a speed of 10 knots, and Furst Bis- 

 marck, duplicated in a new cruiser, having 7.7 





