GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



349 



The exports of yarns and textile fabrics of British 

 manufacture were 94,512,109 in value; of metals 

 and metal manufactures, except machinery, 32,- 

 791,044; of machinery, 18,380,076; of apparel 

 and articles of personal use, 9,573,380; of chem- 

 icals and medicinal preparations, 8,373,099; of 

 all other manufactured or partly manufactured 

 articles, 33,324,966; exports by parcel post, 

 2,139,660. The quantity of cereals and flour 

 imported in 1898 was 190*365,323 hundredweight, 

 valued at 62,899,258. The imports of wheat, 

 excluding flour, were 15,240,000 quarters in 1898, 

 compared with 14,659,600 quarters in 1897, 16,- 

 361,600 in 1896, 14,063,700 in 1890, 12,752,800 in 

 1880, and 7,131,100 in 1870. The quantity of flour 

 was 21,017,109 hundredweight, of which 17,445,- 

 890 hundredweight came from the United States. 

 Of wheat, 37,804,300 hundredweight was imported 

 from the United States, 9,537,900 from India, 

 6,232,500 from Russia, 5,012,030 from Canada, 

 4,034,700 from the Argentine Republic, 807,300 

 from Chili, and the remainder from Germany, 

 Bulgaria, and Australia. The imports of potatoes 

 in 1898 were 6,752,728 hundredweight; of rice, 

 4,546,423 hundredweight; of bacon and hams, 

 7,683,374 hundredweight; of fish, 2,979,824 hun- 

 dredweight; of refined sugar, 16,419,397 hundred- 

 weight; of raw sugar, 14,692,906 hundredweight; 

 of butter, 3,209,093 hundredweight; of margarine, 

 899,875 hundredweight; of cheese, 2,339,452 hun- 

 dredweight; of beef, 3,309,166 hundredweight; of 

 preserved meat, 573,947 hundredweight; of fresh 

 mutton, 3,314,003 hundredweight; of cattle, 569,- 

 066 head; of sheep and lambs, 663,749; of spirits 

 for consumption, 7,964,952 gallons; of wine, 16,- 

 616,645 gallons. The imports of tea for consump- 

 tion were 235,414,105 pounds. The tea imports 

 in 1897 were 231,399,774 pounds, 50 per cent, of 

 which came from India and 36 per cent, from 

 Ceylon, \vhile China, which furnished 81 per cent, 

 of the tea consumed in the British Islands in 1878, 

 contributed less than 11 per cent. 



The values of the imports of merchandise and 

 of the exports of articles of British produce and 

 manufacture to the various British colonies in 

 1897 are given in the following table: 



The principal articles of British produce and 

 manufacture exported in 1898 were cotton piece 

 goods of the value of 55,986,598; cotton yarn, 

 8,921,427; woolen piece goods, 13,702,307; 

 woolen and worsted yarn, 4,625,898; linen piece 

 goods, 4,388,178; linen yarn, 885,965; jute 

 manufactures, 1,853,744; jute yarn, 468,372; 

 apparel and haberdashery, 6,197,946; iron and 

 steel and manufactures thereof, 22,640,092, 

 comprising pig iron for 2,736,804, bar, bolt, rod, 

 and angle iron for 995,625, railroad iron of all 

 sorts for 3,016,258, wire for 772,844, tin plates 

 for 2,753,708, hoops, sheets, and plates for 3,- 

 313,937, cast and wrought iron of all sorts for 

 4,726,013, old iron for 240,210, and steel or 



steel and iron manufactures for 4,084,693; 

 hardware and cutlery, 1,989,001; copper, 2,- 

 798,746; machinery, 18,380,076; coal, coke, and 

 patent fuel, 18,134,690; chemical products, 

 8,373,099. 



The value of goods transshipped in transit was 

 10,752,108 in 1897. The imports of gold coin 

 and bullion in 1898 were 43,721,460, and ex- 

 ports 36,590,050; the imports of silver were 

 14,677,799, and exports 15,623,651. 



The values of the imports from foreign countries 

 and of the exports to them of articles of British 

 produce and manufacture in 1897 are given in 

 the following table: 



Navigation. The number of vessels engaged 

 in foreign commerce entered at British and Irish 

 ports during 1897 was 64,647, of 44,923,000 tons, 

 of which 39,272, of 32,191,000 tons, were British 

 and 25,375, of 12,732,000 tons, were foreign. The 

 number cleared was 64,778, of 45,276,000 tons, 

 of which 39,054, of 32,235,000 tons, were British 

 and 25,724, of 13,040,000 tons, were foreign. The 

 tonnage of vessels entered with cargoes was 34,- 

 636,000, of which 25,340,000 tons were British 

 and 9,296,000 tons were foreign. The tonnage 

 cleared with cargoes Avas 39,308.000, of which 

 28,101,000 tons were British and 11,207,000 tons 

 foreign. The total tonnage entered and cleared 

 was 73,944,000 tons, of which 53,441,000 tons were 

 British. Of the foreign tonnage entered and 

 cleared, amounting to 25,772,318 tons with car- 

 goes and in ballast, Norway had 6,362,542 tons, 

 Germany 4,046,221 tons, Denmark 2,579,530 tons, 

 Sweden 2,531,342 tons, the Netherlands 2,522,509 

 tons, France 2,112,648 tons, Spain 1,471,597 tons, 

 Belgium 1,352,450 tons, the United States 710,950 

 tons, Russia 688,678 tons, Italy 501,526 tons, and 

 Austria-Hungary 273,942 tons. The tonnage en- 



