IDAHO. 



36T 



$698,596.06; 1892, $641,414.81; 1893, $787,041.63; 

 1894, $801,138.37; 1895, $1,198,149.91; 1896, $1,- 

 166,251.68; 1897, $1,394,351.23; 1898, $1,366,457.95; 

 1899, $1,549,902.45. 



Land Surveys. The Northern Pacific Rail- 

 road applied for the survey of 7 full and 8 frac- 

 tional townships in Kootenai County, and de- 

 posited $23,366 to cover expenses. Sixty-two 

 whole and fractional townships were surveyed 

 during the year, the whole embracing 1,070,936.69 

 acres. There were reported 55,000,000 acres in 

 the State, with only 17,429,391 acres surveyed, 

 leaving yet to be surveyed 37,798,769 acres. 

 Eighty-one lode-mining claims, 33 placers, and 3 

 mill sites were surveyed for patents, and applica- 

 tion was made for the survey of 165 mining claims 

 and mill sites. Besides that of the Northern 

 Pacific Railroad, applications were received for 

 the survey of 109 townships, a small portion only 

 of which are fractional, and contracts were award- 

 ed for the survey of 64 townships. The Surveyor- 

 General estimated that the State had increased 

 fully 25,000 in population during the year, and 

 says that " the larger number of newcomers are 

 not miners, but veritable home seekers and home 

 builders." He further says : " In Idaho there are 

 no surveyed districts lying idle and unoccupied. 

 Wherever the government lines have been run the 

 land has at once been appropriated and utilized. 

 The districts and areas which appeared to the 

 first comers to be hopelessly arid and sterile have 

 been made to blossom as the rose and to bear 

 fruit like the garden of the Hesperides." 



Education. In his message to the Legislature 

 the Governor says : " Careful observation leads 

 to the conclusion that the standard of education 

 in the State is surely and rapidly advancing, and 

 much of this advancement is justly attributable 

 to the work of our normal schools, which are 

 maintained solely by State appropriation." 



Penal. The warrants drawn on the Peniten- 

 tiary appropriation for the fiscal year last re- 

 ported amount to $36,711.08; disbursements from 

 the State cash fund raise the total expenditure 

 for the fiscal year to $40,759.93. The actual cost 

 of maintenance for the year was $30,698.98. The 

 average cost per capita was 56| cents; largest 

 number of prisoners during the period, 147; low- 

 est number, 143. Forty-three prisoners were re- 

 ceived, 33 were discharged, 13 were pardoned, and 

 1 died; 20 per cent, were moderate drinkers, 23 

 per cent, were intemperate, and 20 per cent, were 

 total abstainers; 40 were married and 103 single; 

 98 attended Sunday school before conviction and 

 45 did not, while 108 were religiously trained and 

 35 had no religious training; 7 were well edu- 

 cated, 77 had common schooling, 52 were poorly 

 educated, and 7 were wholly illiterate. 



Insane Asylum. The Legislature made an 

 appropriation for the two years ending Jan. 2, 

 1899, of .$75,000 for current expenses and trans- 

 portation of patients and $25,000 -for improve- 

 ments; from the $75,000 there had been expended 

 up to Dec. 1, 1898, $61,297.53; from the $25,000 

 had been expended $14,861.35. There were 189 

 patients, of whom 119 were males and 70 females; 

 cost of provisions per patient a day, 8.1 cents; 

 cost of fuel, 3.9 cents per capita; cost of cloth- 

 ing, 2.6 cents a day for males and 2.5 cents a 

 day for females. There were 24 officers and at- 

 tendants in addition to the superintendent, re- 

 ceiving from $300 to $800 a year and their living 

 expenses. 



Labor Troubles. In April serious labor trou- 

 bles began in the Coeur d'Alene mines, growing 

 out of the employment of nonunion miners, and 

 Wardner became the scene of the worst riot since 



the labor war of 1892. Damage to the amount 

 of $250,000 was done by striking union men to 

 mining property through the use of explosives. 

 On the 29th about 1,000 union men seized a train 

 at Burke and proceeded to the Bunker Hill and 

 Sullivan mills, which they completely wrecked. 

 The 230 nonunion employees had received warn- 

 ing, and fled to the hills. This act was soon fol- 

 lowed by others of a similar nature. The sheriff, 

 who was unable to quell the riot, telegraphed the 

 situation of affairs to the Governor, who in turn 

 called upon President McKinley for 500 troops, 

 saying that all the available National Guard of 

 Idaho were in service in the Philippines. Troops 

 soon began to arrive, and Gen. Merriam, com- 

 mander of the Departments of the Colorado and 

 the Platte, took command. Martial law was de- 

 clared by the Governor in Shoshone County, and 

 about 900 arrests were made, but a large number 

 of the prisoners subsequently escaped. The State 

 built a stockade for the detention of prisoners. 

 By order of the Governor the Auditor issued a 

 proclamation to the Coeur d'Alene mine owners, 

 notifying them against the employment of men 

 belonging to " criminal organizations," and an- 

 nouncing that all persons applying for work in 

 the mines would be required to obtain from the 

 appointed agent for the State a permit to seek 

 for and obtain employment; that mine owners 

 must refuse employment to all applicants not pre- 

 senting such certificate; and that all persons then 

 under employment in the mines would be re- 

 quired within ten days to obtain such certificates. 

 The trial of the arrested persons having been 



delayed by various complications, in September 

 the United States Secretary of War wrote to the 

 Governor, protesting a'gainst the fi 

 ment of Federal troops to guard 

 saying : " I am informed that they 

 used by the civil authorities of 



Governor, protesting a'gainst the further employ- 



the prisoners, 

 are now being 



>y the civil authorities of the State and 

 county as a guard for certain prisoners upward 

 of 100 in number who have been arrested by 

 the civil authorities upon warrants issued by 

 the civil courts, and 'are held under such war- 

 rants or indictments found by the Grand Jury 

 of the county; that these prisoners, or most of 

 them, have been held for a number of months, 

 and that during the period of their detention the 

 district court of Shoshone County, which is the 

 court having jurisdiction to try indictments found 

 by the Grand Jury, has twice convened and ad- 

 journed without bringing these prisoners to trial; 

 that the next regular term of court will not be 

 held until January of next year, and in the mean- 

 time, unless something is done to prevent it, these 

 prisoners would remain in prison under guard 

 of the troops of the United States. I do not 

 wish in any way to make any suggestion relat- 

 ing to the administration of justice in your State, 

 or to imply that the failure to bring these pris- 

 oners to trial has not been for perfectly good 

 reasons in accordance with the law and practice 

 of the courts of Idaho, but I am much disin- 

 clined to have the troops of the United States 

 continued longer in the attitude of retaining in 

 custody the citizens of a State who have remained 

 so long without being tried, and I feel bound 

 to urge that if it is not convenient to bring the 

 prisoners to speedy trial you will substitute civil 

 guards as their custodians, and relieve the troops 

 of the United States from further performance 

 of that duty." 



In his reply to the Secretary of War the Gov- 

 ernor asserted that the withdrawal of the troops 

 would surely result in great loss of property and 

 life in the Ceeur d'Alene region, but said that by 

 Nov. 1 the State would relieve the Federal troopa 



