LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL, IN 1899. 



453 



tius) finds a particularistic tendency in this adop- 

 tion of a "neutral tongue" (a forced mixture 

 of French and German ) as a literary language, 

 and criticises Der Herr Maire as not very re- 

 markable. His own Lieder eines Elsiissers (sec- 

 ond edition, 1897-'98) and Wasgaufarten (second 

 edition, 1897) show richly colored descriptions of 

 nature and deep feeling. Lucie and Jungfer Prin- 

 zesse, by Julius Greber, president of this Strass- 

 burg theater, are noted as the ripest fruits of 

 the productions of " young Alsace." 



Finally, two German-American productions 

 may be referred to: Th. Kirchhoff's Hermann, 

 Ein Auswanderer-Leben : Episch-lyrische Dich- 

 tung (an interesting attempt to depict the life 

 of a German emigrant) and Abendglocken, narra- 

 tive poetry mostly of American subjects, by Kara 

 Giorg (pseudonym for Gustav Briihl). 



Holland (Flemish authors under Belgium). 

 Among the books occasioned by the Queen's 

 coronation, Een halve Eeuw (by various con- 

 tributors) is perhaps most noteworthy. P. L. 

 Muller's notable popular history, Onze gouden 

 Eeuw: De Republiek der vereenigde Nederlanden 

 in haar Bloeitijd geschett, is completed with Vol. 

 Ill, and Part I of Ons Vaderland, 1849-'98, by G. 

 F. J. Douwes, has appeared. H. A. Pareau's de- 

 scription of a trip to Onze West is " pleasant 

 reading," but marked by unwarranted optimism. 

 A. Sloos offers a little work on De Nederlanders 

 in de Philippijnsche Wateren v66r 1626 (1898), 

 and Dutch ventures in another land are dealt with 

 in two South African publications, J. F. van 

 Oordt's Paul Kruger en de Opkomst der Zuid- 

 Afrikaansche Republiek (Kaapstad, 1898) and J. 

 A. Wormser's Van Amsterdam naar Pretoria 

 (Pretoria, 1898). In travel we have Spanje: 

 Een Reisverhaal, by J. Israels. J. Prinsen's 

 Gerardus Geldenhauer Noviomagus: Bijdrage tot 

 de Kennis van zijn Leven en Werken is praised 

 as a valuable contribution to the history of the 

 Reformation. Prof. Bolland, who in the essays 

 Rome en de Geschiedenis and Petrus en Rome 

 argued scientifically against the Pope's rulership 

 and infallibility, was attacked with bitter invec- 

 tive and abuse by Dr. Schaepman in Bolland en 

 Petrus, and replied in Oude Gegevens. There has 

 appeared a second part of the new translation 

 of Lao Tsze, by H. Borel, whose Studien are rather 

 superficial. The woman question is dealt with 

 in Mrs. Goekoop's Hilda van Suylenburg (fifth 

 edition); Het Feminisme (a plea for the home), 

 by S. R. Steinmetz ; Anna de Savornin Lehman's 

 De Liefde inde Vrouwenquaestie (a passionate in- 

 sistence on the sexual impulse) ; and De Liefde 

 in het Vrouwenleven (traces the influence of so- 

 cial progress), by Corn61ie Huygens. The Am- 

 sterdam Exhibition has occasioned C. L. van 

 Balen's Rembrandt, zijn Leven en Werken (1898; 

 a " handy little monograph "). Literary criticism 

 includes Jan ten Brink's Fransche Studien (1898; 

 French authors and their works) ; M. Poelhekke's 

 character studies of the Modernen (i. e., Kloos, 

 Verlaine, Strindberg, Jorgensen) ; A. G. van 

 Hamel's Het letterkundig Leven van Frankrijk 

 ("erudite and entertaining"); Byvanck's careful 

 study of the late Prof. Fruin; and J. van den 

 Oude's Litterarische Interludien. Vol. IV has 

 appeared of Verzamelde Opstellen, by L. van 

 Deyssel, who " enriched Dutch literature with 

 passages of imperishable beauty and worked a 

 revolution which will have a lasting effect." The 

 leaders of modern literature have been violently 

 attacked in a novel (Vincent Haman, 1898) by 

 W. Paap, who, we are told, deals in a " venomous 

 invective " rather unfamiliar in Dutch criticism. 

 He upbraids the men of 1880 for producing trans- 



lations instead of original work (in which re- 

 proach there seems to be SOUK; truth), and finds 

 the generation of 1890 no better. The very young- 

 est in the literary life join in this contempt for 

 modern Dutch literature, yet they themselves are 

 charged chiefly with weak imitation. Is. Quc- 

 rido's Meditation over Literatuur en Leven is 

 described as a "clever defense of sentiment, in 

 opposition to intellect," but written in poor lan- 

 guage and inaccurate metaphors. Kimmts and 

 Couperus, with Nagelaten Bekentenis and Xood- 

 lot, find imitators, it appears, in E. S., author of 

 Stille Wegen (painful self-analysis), Parvus (Fa- 

 taliteit), and J. Eigenhuis's Eenvoudige Zielen. 

 The older romantic writers are apparently arous- 

 ing renewed interest in the public; at least they 

 are being republished. H. J. Schimmel has tried 

 to be more modern in Het Zondekind. The late 

 G. Keller's Haar Buurman (1898) lacked the spirit 

 of his successful work. Dr. van den Bergh van 

 Eysinga's Book van Toevertrouwen is an " elabo- 

 rate specimen of lyric prose," of hope and faith, 

 under " strong biblical influences." Of poetry, 

 V. van Eden's Enkele Verzen (" sparkling with 

 life"), A. Verwey's De nieuwe Tuin (sound, ear- 

 nest, even gloomy), G. C. van 't Hoog's Geluk 

 (rich in color, though at times somewhat labored), 

 and Miss Jeanne Reyneke van Stuwe's Impres- 

 sions (simple expression of sentiment) are noted. 

 The play The Ghetto, by Herman Heyermans, 

 Jr., is described as a fine bit of Jewish life, liter- 



belles-lettres are Kamertjeszonden (a coarsely 

 realistic picture of intellectual pauperism), by H. 

 Heyermans, Jr.; F. van Eeden's De kleine Jo- 

 hannes; C. P. Brandt van Doorne's Mathilde; L. 

 H. J. Lamberts Hurrelbrinck's Uit de Limburgsche 

 Ardennen; J. Reyneke van Stuwe's De Heer van 

 de State; J. ten Brink's Brechtje Spieghels: Eene 

 Novelle uit de Geschiedenis der nederlandsche 

 Letteren; C. Busken Huet's Robert Bruce's Leer- 

 jaren; C. Buysse's Schoppenboer and Uit Vlaan- 

 deren; Zijn Pleegkinderen, by H. T. Chappuis; 

 and Vorstin en Martelares, by L. Stratenus. 



Hungary. Historical works of importance are 

 the tenth and last volume of the late S. Szilagyi's 

 monumental History of the Magyar Nation, writ- 

 ten by S. Marki and G. Beksics; History of De- 

 mocracy (Vol. IV), by G. Schvarcz (an original 

 thinker, directly opposed to Mommsen and other 

 writers on the history of Rome) ; the Great Illus- 

 trated History of the World, by eminent writers 

 under the editorship of H. Marczali (to be com- 

 plete in twelve volumes); and Vol. VI of the late 

 L. Kossuth's works, edited by his son. Inter- 

 esting and useful economic and sociological works 

 are GafiFs System of Political Economy ; Encyclo- 

 paedia of Economics, edited by G. Mandello; and 

 Rustem Vambery's Foreign Laws relating to Con- 

 ditional Sentences. Several important books on 

 art have appeared: A. Berzeviczy's Italia (de- 

 scriptions of the scenes of the triumphs of the 

 Renaissance; masterly style, clear judgments); 

 Art Reform, by J. Hock (who strives to bring- 

 art before the masses, and is identified with the 

 Nemzeti Szalon, the " headquarters of aesthetic 

 young Hungary ") ; Hungarian Art Treasures (to 

 be completed in five volumes), sumptuous folios 

 edited by E. de Radisics, director of the National 

 Museum of Industrial Art, with a preface by 

 Jokai; and T. Szana's Js'inos Janko's Life and 

 Work, an able monograph on a popular carica- 

 turist. Joseph Bayer won a prize from the Acad- 

 emy of Sciences with his valuable History of 

 Hungarian Dramatic Literature up to 1867 J 



