LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL, IN 1899. 



457 



the Russian peasant and the insect) ; Tchekhof s 

 short stories (delicate, sad, purely Russian) ; 

 Merezhovski's The Gods who have Ascended 

 (Leonardo da Vinci the principal character; " dry 

 and colorless" language); Where can we go? 

 (novel) and At Home (short story, dealing with 

 the " subjection of man "), by Borboruikin, whose 

 methods are quite French; M. Gorski's two vol- 

 umes of sketches and tales (passionate, nervous 

 manner; vivid pictures of vagabond life) ; three 

 novels (The Cherry Tree, Mimochka, and Flashes 

 of Lightning) by Mme. V. Mikulich, who is good 

 at characterization and at description of na- 

 ture; and T. L. Shtchepkin-Kupernik's From the 

 Diary of Life (a young but strong and fine tal- 

 ent; deep feeling, acute observation, artistic com- 

 position; "tendency" as well). Melshin, author 

 of In the World of Outcasts, publishes sketches 

 of convict life in the periodical Russian Wealth 

 (Russkoe Bogatsvo). Contributions to lyric 

 poetry are Under the Open Sky (good descriptions 

 of nature), by Ivan Bunin, a young writer who 

 has also issued an excellent translation of Long- 

 fellow's Hiawatha; Hymn to Beauty, by Korinfs- 

 ki (author of Songs of the Heart and Black 

 Roses) ; and a second edition of V. Shuf s Crimean 

 Sonnets. About Art is a well-written and inter- 

 esting book by Valeri Briusof, an original " poet 

 symbolist." There has been issued a complete, six- 

 volume edition of the works (poetry and prose) 

 of K. K. Slutchevski, whose original talent met 

 with adverse criticism at first; his position is 

 now described as peculiar, and an original style, 

 delicate psychological analysis, a fine spirit, and 

 the endowment of inanimate objects with a soul 

 life are named among the important features of 

 his poetry. Other collected writings are those of 

 Karonin, in two volumes (pictures of popular 

 life), Mme. Markovitch (pseudonym Marko 

 Vovtchok), in eight volumes, and M. N. Zagoskin, 

 in ten volumes. 



Spain. Titles in national history are always 

 numerous. General works worthy of note are J. 

 Balari y Jovany's very important Orfgenes his- 

 toricos de Castaluna; J. Suarez Inclan's docu- 

 mentary Guerra de Anexion en Portugal durante 

 el Reinado de Don Felipe II (1898); Vida de 

 Carlos III, by C. de Fernan Nuiiez, edited by 

 Morel-Fatio and Paz; the Genealogico-historical 

 Tree of the Sovereigns of Spain, by Estevan y 

 Diaz; Costa's Agrarian Collectivism in Spain and 

 P. Pujol's History of the Social Institutions of 

 Gothic Spain (both important) ; Iglesia's Account 

 of the Civil Guard; Ramon Mene"ndez Pidal's 

 critical and careful catalogue of the manuscript 

 Cronicas generates of Spain in the Royal Library; 

 Ensayo bio-bibliografico sobre los Historiadores 

 y Geografos arabigo-espanoles, by Pons; Apuntes 

 sobre Viajes y Viajeros por Espaiia y Portugal 

 (reprinted from the Revista Critica), by A. Fari- 

 nelli, a German, which supplements Foulch6-Del- 

 bosc's work; and documents inedits, such as Vol. 

 IV and last of Count de Torata's Documents of 

 the War of Secession in Peru, new volumes of 

 the Cortes of Catalonia (1359 to 1367) and the 

 Dietari of Barcelona (Vol. VII), the Book of 

 the Privileges of Tarrasa, brought out by Soler y 

 Palet, and continuations of familiar series, such 

 as the Documentos ineditos de las antiguas 

 Posesiones de Ultramar and the Monumenta his- 

 torica Societatis Jesu. The following are found 

 classed as archaeology: Catalogo de las Colec- 

 ciones expuestas en las Vitrinas del Palacio de 

 Liria, edited by the Duchess of Alba; the Conde 

 de Valencia de Don Juan's fine " historico-descrip- 

 tive" catalogue of the Royal Armory; works 

 on new discoveries in Santiponce and Carmona, 



by Caballero-Infante and Fernandez; the Catalan 

 Jos. Brunet y Beliefs L'Kscriptura, lo (iravat, 

 1'Imprempta, lo Llibre; and I*, de Al/ola y Minon- 

 do's Las Obras ptiblicas en Kspafiu. In biograph- 

 ical literature there are Olmedilla's short Life 

 of the Physician, Botanist, and Author, Cristobal 

 de Acosta; a memoir of the late Marcos .Jirm'nez 

 de la Espada (a savant noted for his geographical 

 investigations), by Fernandez Duro and' Mar- 

 tinez; Carracido's study of Father Joso de Acosta 

 (the famous author of the Natural and Moral 

 History of the Indias) ; Hernando's lecture on 

 Cardinal Cisneros and his services to Spanish 

 culture in the University of Alcala, etc.; Luanco's 

 interesting monograph on Don Juan Agell and 

 his Scientific Labors; and A. M. Fabie's excel- 

 lent Biografia del Excmo. Sr. D. Pedro Salaverria. 

 The Most Ancient Dynasty of Printers in Eu- 

 rope, by Llabres, is a curious pamphlet on the 

 family Guasp of Mallorca. Local history, also 

 voluminous, includes L. Ferreiro's History of the 

 Church of Santiago in Galicia (interesting, care- 

 ful; many new facts); Soler's Parish Church of 

 Tarrasa; Miret's Relations between the Monas- 

 teries of Camprodon and Moissac; Ant. Blazquez 

 y Delgado Aguilera's Historia de la Provincia 

 de Ciudad-Real; El Franco, by Fernandes, and 

 Boal, by Acevedo, both in the Asturian Library; 

 and J. C. Garcia's important Biblioteca de Escri- 

 tores de la Provincia de Guadalajara y Biblio- 

 grafia de la misma hasta el Siglo XIX. The for- 

 mer colonies of Spain are the theme of numer- 

 ous works, among them V. Llorens Asensio's His- 

 toria general de Filipinas y Catalogo de los Docu- 

 mentos referentes a estas Islas que se Conservan 

 en el Archive general de Indias; Vol. IV of 

 W. E. Retana's Archive del Bibli6filo filipino; 

 Descriptive Account of Maps, Plans, etc., of the 

 Philippines in the Archives of the Indias, by 

 Torres-Lanzas; F. de Monteverde y Sedano's 

 Campana de Filipinas: La Division Lachambre, 

 1897 (1898); Toral's El Sitio de Manila: Me- 

 niorias de un Voluntario; J. Caro y Mora's 

 Ataque de Li-Ma-Hong a Manila en 1574; J. de 

 Alcazar's Historia de Espana en America (Isla 

 de Cuba) ; and Pablo de Alzola's volume of maga- 

 zine articles on El Problema Cubano. The late 

 war is described in La Guerra hispano-americana, 

 by El. C. Verdades; La Guerra hispano-ameri- 

 cana: Barcos, Canones y Fusiles and La Guerra 

 hispano-americana: El Bloqueo y la Defensa de 

 las Costas, by S. Gomez Nunez; M. Corral's jEl 

 Desastre! 6 los espanoles en Cuba: Memorias de 

 un Voluntario; Admiral P. Cervera y Topete's 

 Guerra hispano-americana: Colecci6n de Docu- 

 mentos referentes a la Escuadra de Operaciones 

 de las Antillas; E. Amador y Carrandi's La 

 Guerra hispano-americana ante el Derecho in- 

 ternacional; and pamphlets, such as C. Saave- 

 dra y Magdalena's Algunas Observaciones sobre 

 los Desastres de la Marina espafiola en la Guerra 

 con los Estados Unidos en 1898 and the anony- 

 mous Apuntes para la Historia de la Perdida de 

 nuestros Colonias, por un Testigo presencial. 

 There has been much written on " regeneration " 

 and " reform " of the country after its sad de- 

 feat. Noteworthy are R. M. Picavea's El Pro- 

 blema nacional: Hechos, Causas, Remedies; E. 

 Pardo Bazan's La Espana de Ayer y la de Hoy 

 (aroused a tempest of Chauvinism) ; Mesa de la 

 Pena's Espafia (of "palpitant present interest"; 

 throws much light on the political causes of 

 Spain's recent fall) ; and Joaqum Sanchez Toca's 

 interesting Del Poder naval en Espafia y su Po- 

 litica economica para la Nacionalidad ibero- 

 americana (magazine articles on decadence of 

 naval power). Various economic and socio- 



