OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. (CRACRAFT CREAMER.) 



591 



to which he was ordered, and soon resulted in 

 his recognition as a naturalist. In 1869 he filled 

 the chair of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy 

 in Norwich (Vt.) University, and from 1873 till 

 1876 he was surgeon and naturalist to the United 

 States Northern Boundary Commission, part of 

 which time he was occupied at the Smithsonian 

 Institution as a col- 



; ffijw laborator. He then 



^^jffjnn was assigned as sur- 



JA geon to the United 



**< States Geological 



and Geographical 

 Survey of the Terri- 

 tories, with which 

 he remained until 

 1880, serving also in 

 1877 as Professor of 

 Anatomy in the 

 medical department 

 of Columbian Uni- 

 versity, which chair 

 he then held until 

 1887. In 1883 he 

 was for a short time 

 Professor of Biology 

 in the Virginia 

 Agricultural and 



Mechanical College, but he devoted most of 

 his time in recent years to editorial work, 

 preparing revised editions of the writings of 

 early American explorers. Dr. Coues received 

 the 'honorary degrees of A. M. and Ph. D. from 

 Columbian University, and w r as a member of 

 more than 50 scientific societies in this country 

 and abroad, including the National Academy of 

 Sciences, to which he was elected in 1877. He 

 was chairman of the Psychical Science Congress 

 in Chicago at the time of the Columbian Exposi- 

 tion in 1893. He was an editor of the bulletins 

 of the United States Geological Survey, Bulletin 

 of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, The American 

 Naturalist, The American Journal of Otology, 

 The Auk, The Osprey, The Standard Natural His- 

 tory, and The Century Dictionary. He contrib- 

 uted nearly 1,000 monographs or minor papers 

 to scientific publications. His larger works in- 

 cluded: Key to North American Birds (1872); 

 Field Ornithology (1874); Birds of the North- 

 west (1874); Fur-bearing Animals (1877); Mono- 

 graphs of North American Rodentia, with Joel 

 A. Allen (1877); Birds of the Colorado Valley 

 (1878); Ornithological Bibliography (1878-'80); 

 New England Bird Life, with Robert E. C. Stearns 

 (1881); Check List and Dictionary of North 

 American Birds (1882); Avifauna Columbiana, 

 with Daniel W. Prentiss (1883); New Key to 

 North American Birds (1884) ; Biogen: A Specu- 

 lation on the Origin and Nature of Life (1884); 

 The Dsemon of Darwin (1884) ; A Buddhist Cate- 

 chism, with Henry S. Olcott (1885); Kuthumi, 

 with R. Dodsley (1886); Can Matter Think? 

 (1886); Code of Nomenclature and Check List 

 of North American Birds, with Joel A. Allen, 

 Robert Ridgway, W. Brewster, and H. W. Hen- 

 shaw (1886); A Woman in the Case (1887); 

 Handbook of Field and General Ornithology 

 (1890); History of the Expedition of Lewis and 

 Clark (1893) ; The Expedition of Zebulon M. Pike 

 (1895); New Light in the Early History of the 

 Greater Northwest (1897); Citizen Bird, with 

 Mabel 0. Wright (1897); The Journal of Jacob 

 Fowler (1898); Forty Years a Fur Trader on 

 the Upper Missouri (1898); and On the Trail of 

 a Spanish Priest (in press). 



Cracraft, John Wesley, clergyman, born near 

 Cleveland, Ohio, in 1827; died in Saratoga, N. Y., 



Oct. 31, 1899. He was graduated at Bexley Theo- 

 logical Seminary, Gambier, Ohio, in 1849, and, 

 after passing a year at Lam; Theological Sem- 

 inary, Cincinnati, was ordained to the ministry. 

 He was at one time rector of the Church of the 

 Epiphany in Philadelphia, and he held a similar 

 office at Kenyon College, Ohio. His publicut ions 

 included Judaizing the Teachers, Great Principles 

 of the Gospel, and The Old Paths: Truths of the 

 Gospel (Cincinnati, 1870). 



Crampton, Henry E., physician, born in New 

 York city, April 10, 1837; died in Glen Ridge, 

 N. J., May 28, 1899. He was graduated at the 

 New York Medical College in 1857, served as a 

 volunteer surgeon in the National army till strick- 

 en with typhoid fever, and afterward was identi- 

 fied with the work of relieving the poor of New 

 York. He was for many years vice-president 

 of the Association for Improving the Condition 

 of the Poor, and was immediately in charge of 

 the department of hygiene. Through his energy 

 the spacious buildings and grounds at Coney 

 island, known as Sea Breeze, were secured for 

 the sick poor. Dr. Crampton was one of the 

 first advocates of a free public bath system, and 

 for many years he served as a free physician to 

 the poor during the summer months and gave 

 ocean parties for poor children. 



Crapo, Thomas, sailor, born in New Bedford, 

 Mass., in June, 1842; presumably drowned at sea, 

 May 3, 1899. He made his first ocean voyage 

 in a whaler when fifteen years old, and had fol- 

 lowed the sea continuously. In the civil war 

 he served for a while in the army under Gen. 

 Banks, then with the navy under Admiral Far- 

 ragut. His life was full of adventure. He had 

 lived among the Eskimos and been captured 

 and adopted by a tribe of South Sea Islanders. 

 In 1877 he attracted public attention by sailing 

 from New Bedford to Penzance, England, in a 

 20-foot whaleboat, schooner rigged, with leg-of- 

 mutton sails, accompanied by his wife. On April 

 4, 1899, he left New Bedford in a flat-bottomed 

 skiff, 9 feet long, 3 feet wide at the stern, and 

 14 inches deep, intending to make his way to 

 Cuba. He was last seen by the Point Judith 

 life-saving crew on the morning of May 3 in a 

 heavy gale. His boat was found bottom up on 

 the beach the next day, and it was supposed he 

 was drowned while trying to round the point. 



Crary, Mrs. Horace H., benefactor, born in 

 Liberty, N. Y., about 1833; died in Denver, Col., 

 July 7, 1899. She was a member of the Burr 

 family, married Mr. Crary in 1851, and for many 

 years lived in Hancock, N. Y., where her hus- 

 band had a tannery. Subsequently the family 

 settled in Binghamton, N. Y., where Mr. Crary 

 died in 1897, leaving his widow large wealth. Mrs. 

 Crary had long been noted for her charities. 

 She supported missionary workers in China and 

 India, contributed liberally to the benevolent en- 

 terprises of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was 

 a patron of the Methodist Hospital in Brooklyn, 

 and with Mr. Crary erected Crary Hall in Ten- 

 nessee, an industrial school. 



Creamer, Henry H., inventor, born a slave 

 on a plantation in what is now West Virginia, 

 about 1854; died in New York city, July 12, 1899. 

 On gaining his freedom he went to Richmond, 

 obtained employment in a plumber's shop, and 

 soon began developing remarkable genius as an 

 inventor. While working there and producing 

 manj' improvements in the tools and work of the 

 trade he took a course in a technical school, 

 which greatly strengthened his inventive abilities. 

 About twenty years ago he removed to New 

 York city, studied theology, and for several years 



