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OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (FLOWER FRANKLAND.) 



Flower, Sir William, English naturalist, born 

 in Stratford-on-Avon, Nov. 30, 1831; died in Lon- 

 don, July 1, 1899. He studied in University Col- 

 lege, London, served through the Crimean War 

 as 3 assistant surgeon, was demonstrator of anat- 

 omy in Middlesex Hospital after his return, then 

 curator of the Hunterian Museum, and later Pro- 

 fessor of Comparative Anatomy and Physiology 

 in the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons 

 from 1869* to 1884, when he became director of the 

 Natural History Museum in South Kensington. 

 The collections he arranged in double series, one 

 set arranged in types and exposed to view for 

 popular instruction, while the great mass of 

 specimens were carefully classified and safely 

 stored so as to be available for morphological 

 study. He was the author of an Introduction 

 to the Osteology of the Mammalia, Fashion in 

 Deformity, The* Horse, essays on museum man- 

 agement,' and memoirs on the brain and denti- 

 tion of marsupials, the cranium of the carnivores, 

 and the evolution of the cetaceans. 



Foli, Signor (Allan James Foley), Irish sing- 

 er, born in Cahir, Ireland, in 1835; died in South- 

 port, England, Oct. 20, 1899. He was one of the 

 most celebrated of bassos. He was brought by 

 his parents to the United States in early boyhood, 

 and lived in Hartford, Conn. He was there a 

 member of a church choir, and attracted so much 

 attention by his extraordinary voice that gen- 

 erous citizens contributed to a fund for his edu- 

 cation as an opera singer in Italy. He made his 

 debut as Signor Foli, with instant approval, at 

 Catania, Italy, in 1862, and soon was engaged 

 for the Italian opera in Paris. There he attracted 

 the attention of J. H. Mapleson, the English im- 

 presario, who engaged him for Her Majesty's 

 Italian Opera 'Company, London, in 1865. Foli 

 was associated in Mapleson's company, on his 

 introduction to the English public, with Titiens, 

 Grisi, Trebelli, Lablache, Mario, Arditi, and Roki- 

 tanski. For the long term of Mr. Mapleson's 

 management of Italian opera in England and 

 America Foli was his favorite and perhaps most 

 popular basso. In private life he was a big, 

 jovial, and generous Irish boy, with the happy 

 quality of making stanch friends everywhere. 

 He visited both Americas, South Africa, and Aus- 

 tralia, singing both opera and oratorio. In the 

 last he was especially admirable in Elijah, The 

 Messiah, The Redemption, and The Golden Leg- 

 end. It had been his intention to retire from 

 the stage at the close of his engagement with 

 Mme. Albani's Concert Company, with which 

 he was traveling in England at the time of his 

 death, and he had fixed upon Tacoma, Washing- 

 ton, as a place of residence. But he had con- 

 tracted a severe cold, and was suddenly attacked 

 with pneumonia, from which he could not rally. 

 His last appearance was in Southport, England, 

 Oct. 14, 1899. 



Forbes, John, a Scottish clergyman, born in 

 Bohaven, Scotland, in 1802; died in January, 

 1899. His education was received at Marischal 

 and King's Colleges and at Gottingen. In 1840 

 he became governor of John Watson's Institution 

 in Edinburgh, and in 1850 of Donaldson's Hos- 

 pital. In 1869 he was appointed Professor of 

 Hebrew at Aberdeen University, and he was 

 emeritus professor there at the time of his death. 

 He was the author of Symmetrical Structure of 

 Scripture (Edinburgh) ; Analytical Commentary 

 on the Epistle to the Romans (London, 1868) ; 

 Predestination and Free Will (Edinburgh, 1878) ; 

 and Studies on the Book of Psalms (1888). 



Ford, Sir Clare, an English diplomatist, born 

 in 1828; died in Paris, Jan. 31, 1899. He was in 



a dragoon regiment four years, sold out in 1852, 

 entered the diplomatic service, and was attached 

 by turns to most of the legations in Europe and 

 America, acquiring gradually a reputation as a 

 specialist in commercial questions. In 1875 he 

 represented the British Government before the 

 Halifax International Commission that made the 

 United States pay $5,560,000 for the fishery rights 

 acquired under the treaty of 1871. This triumph 

 secured him the appointment of minister at 

 Buenos Ayres. He arranged a restoration of dip- 

 lomatic relations with Uruguay, and was accred- 

 ited to Montevideo. He was minister to Brazil 

 for a year or two, was transferred to Athens in 

 1881, and in 1884 went to Madrid, where he re- 

 mained till 1892. In 1884 and 1885 he was com- 

 missioned at Paris for the settlement of the New- 

 foundland fisheries question, but the conventions 

 that he signed were not ratified. In 1886 he nego- 

 tiated a commercial treaty with Spain. 



Forsyth, William, Scottish author, born in 

 Greenock, Scotland, Oct. 25, 1812; died Dec. 26, 

 1899. He was educated at Cambridge, and was 

 called to the bar in 1839. He represented Maryle- 

 bone in Parliament, 1874-'80, but he made little 

 figure in the debates. He traveled extensively, 

 and was deeply interested in prison reforms. He 

 became Queen's counsel in 1857, and held office 

 in various professional and other societies. He 

 wrote professional and miscellaneous works, of 

 varying degrees of excellence, but he outlived his 

 literary reputation many years, and at the time 

 of his death had passed from the memory of 

 most readers. The list of his published books 

 comprises The Law of Composition with Cred- 

 itors (London, 1841); The Law relating to 

 Simony 1844) ; Hortensius, or the Duty and 

 Office of an Advocate ( 1849) ; The Law of 

 Infants (1850); The History of Trial by Jury 

 (1852) ; History of the Captivity of Napoleon at 

 St. Helena (1853) ; Life of Marcus Tullius Cicero 

 (1864); Rome and its Ruins (1865); Novels and 

 Novelists of the Eighteenth Century (1871); 

 Hannibal in Italy: An Historical Drama (1872); 

 Essays: Critical and Narrative (1874); The Sla- 

 vonic Provinces South of the Danube (1876); 

 and Idyls and Lyrics. 



Foster, Myles Birket, English artist, born in 

 North Shields, Feb. 4, 1825; died in Weybridge, 

 March 27, 1899. At sixteen he was apprenticed 

 to E. Landells, a well-known wood engraver, who 

 encouraged him to draw on wood blocks, and in 

 1846 he began the business on his own account. 

 For a dozen years he was a prolific illustrator of 

 books, but then turned his attention toward 

 water-color painting, exhibiting his first picture, 

 A Farm, at the Academy in 1859. At a later 

 period he exhibited pictures in oils. His work, 

 both as illustrator and colorist, is very popular 

 and has a decided charm. Its sincerity is every- 

 where apparent, but it is deficient in insight and 

 the deeper kind of pathos. 



Frankland, Sir Edward, English chemist, 

 born in Churchtown in 1825; died in Norway, 

 Aug. 11, 1899. He was educated in the Lancaster 

 grammar school and studied chemistry first in 

 the Museum of Practical Geology and afterward 

 in the laboratory of Liebig at Giessen and that 

 of Bunsen at Marburg. He isolated with Kolbe 

 several organic radicals, and afterward devoted 

 himself to the synthesis of organic bodies. In 

 this work he made the discovery of the union 

 of organic radicals with metals, announcing in 

 1850 the preparation of compounds of zinc with 

 methyl and ethyl and predicting the existence 

 of a score of similar bodies. From this he de- 

 duced the conclusion that an atom of the metal 



