676 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (SCIIONBORX STRAUSS.) 



critic. At the time of the political crisis of 1877 

 he contributed to the XIX e Siecle a series of 

 anticlerical articles that had a great effect on 

 public opinion. He wrote philosophical reflec- 

 tions for I/Illustration, which were printed in 

 a little volume called Le Mot et la Chose. Nearly 

 all the literary journals and reviews had articles 

 of his, either signed with his own name or with 

 the pen name Sganarelle. He was one of the most 

 successful of lecturers also, but his originality, 

 his energy, and his influence found their main 

 field of action in the domain of theatrical criti- 

 cism, where he became involved in many an 

 acrid dispute, as with the admirers of Victor 

 Hugo, with Becque, with Zola, or with Coquelin 

 and other players. He wrote a little piece called 

 Les Millions de la Mansarde. which was signed 

 by Edmond About, and after that he made no. 

 further essay as a dramatist, fearing lest the au- 

 thor's self-love might pervert his critical powers. 

 A like apprehension caused him to refrain from 

 seeking a fantcuil in the Academy, as this would 

 necessitate his soliciting the votes of persons 

 whose works he had to criticise. Franeisque 

 Sarcey published numerous volumes, notably 

 Etienne Moret, containing souvenirs of the Ecole 

 Normale, La Siege de Paris, and Coinv'diens et 

 Comediennes. 



Schbnborn, Franz Carl Erwin Paul, Aus- 

 trian prelate, born in Prague, Jan. 24, 1844; died 

 in Falkenau, June 2o, 1899. He was the third 

 of the Counts Schonborn whose family has for 

 generations held the episcopal sees of Prague, 

 Mainz, and Olmiitz. In early life he was a cui- 

 rassier officer, and in 18(>(> at Koniggratz he distin- 

 guished himself by leading his men through a 

 Prussian regiment. Studying theology later at 

 Rome and at Innsbruck, he became Bishop of 

 Budweiss in 1883, and in 1887 Primate of Bo- 

 hemia. He was the confessor and confidant of the 

 Emperor, and in 1889 was made a cardinal. 



Shanly, Walter, civil engineer, born in the 

 County Queens, Ireland, Oct. 11, 1819; died in 

 Montreal, Canada, Dec. 17, 1899. His father, the 

 late James Shanly, a member of the Irish bar, 

 settled in the county of Middlesex, province of 

 Ontario, in 1836. He was educated by private 

 tuition, and adopted the profession of a civil en- 

 gineer. He was early employed by the Govern- 

 ment of Canada on the works of the Beauharnois 

 and Welland Canals; was engaged on railway 

 works in the United States in 1848-'50, and was 

 engineer of the Ottawa and Prescott Railway in 

 1850-'53. He was engineer of the western divi- 

 sion of the Grand Trunk Railway, 1851-'59; en- 

 gineer on the. Ottawa and French River Naviga- 

 tion surveys, 185f>-'58; and general manager of 

 the Grand Trunk Railway, 1858-'62. His most 

 important work as a railway constructor was the 

 Hoosac Tunnel, in Massachusetts, which he suc- 

 cessfully constructed in conjunction with his 

 brother Francis in 1869-75, after several Ameri- 

 can contractors had failed. He sat in the old Par- 

 liament of Canada from 1803 to the union in 1867. 

 When confederation was accomplished he sat in 

 the Dominion House of Commons during the 

 whole of the first Parliament and two others. 



Simson, Martin Eduard von, German states- 

 man, born in Konigsberg in 1810; died in Berlin, 

 May 3, 1899. He became Professor of Law at 

 Konigsberg in 1833, at the same time following 

 his career in the judiciary, was elected to the Na- 

 tional Assembly in 1848, and was made first sec- 

 retary, then vice-president, and finally president, 

 of that body. He declined to be re-elected as 

 president in 1849, when Wilhelm IV of Prussia 

 refused the proffered imperial Crown, and ac- 



cepted a seat in the Prussian Chamber of Depu- 

 ties. He was president of the Erfurt Parliament 

 in 1850, and when it broke down he retired until 

 he entered the Prussian Chamber again when the 

 new era began and was elected its president in 

 1801. He had stood out for the principles of mod- 

 erate Liberalism, equally opposed to the advanced 

 theories of Young Germany and the reactionary 

 policy of Prussian Conservatism. He was elected 

 president of the Constituent Assembly, and \\as 

 president of the North German Diet, of the /oil 

 Parliament, and of the German Reichstag when 

 they were successively constituted. On Dec-. 18, I 

 187*0, Friedrich Wilhelm IV accepted the tender 

 that he made in the name of the North German 

 Reichstag of the imperial Crown. Von Sim-<>ii 

 resigned the presidency of the Reichstag in 1*71, 

 and in 1877 his seat. He presided over the su- 

 preme Court of the empire till 1891. 



Skene, Felicia Mary Frances, English phi- 

 lanthropist and novelist, born in Aix, Provence, 

 May 23, 1821; died in Oxford, England, Oct. (\. 

 189*9. She was the youngest daughter of .lame* 

 Skene of Rubislaw, a noted traveler. Much of her 

 early life was spent abroad, but in 1844 she re- f 

 turned to England, and nearly all her a tier 

 life was passed in Oxford. When that <i1y 

 was visited by a cholera epidemic in IN. -I Mi-'- 

 Skene organi/ed a band of nurses, some of whom 

 she dispatched to Mi^s Florence Nightingale at 

 Scutari after the opening of the Crimean \\ ,u. 

 Later she engaged in rescue work, and from |s7s 

 until her death she visited the Oxford jail week 

 by week. She was the author of Hidden Depths, 

 a' story of rescue work (1SG6), and other booKs. 1 



Strauss, Johann, Austrian composer, born in 

 Vienna, Oct. 25, 1825; died there. June 3. Is'. Hi. 

 His father, who was the originator of wait/. 

 music, had a poor idea of his son's talent- in the 

 same vein, though he had composed wall/e- tKmi 

 the age of six, and determined to make a business 

 man of him. His mother, however, helped him 

 to obtain the necessary instruction, and before he 

 was eighteen years old he organi/ed and con- 

 ducted an orchestra and at once captivated the 

 Vienna public with waltzes and polkas of his own 

 composing. After his fame was established he 

 made tours through Great Britain, the United 

 States, France, Russia, and Germany. For ten 

 successive summers he gave concerts in St. Peters- 

 burg, besides taking his orchestra frequently to 

 London, Paris, Berlin, and America. In '1872 

 he took part in Gilmore's Peace Jubilee in I'.ns- 

 ton. After composing dance music for many 

 years, he tried his hand at an operetta. Indigo, 

 which was produced in 1871, and met with in- 

 stantaneous success, impelling him to give up 

 his office as conductor 01 the court balls in order 

 to devote himself to this new field. lie relin- 

 quished later the conductorship of his orchestra, 

 one of the most perfectly trained in the world, 

 into the hands of his youngest brother. Eduard. 

 His Fledermaus (1874) became popular in every 

 musical city. His Ritter Pasman, brought out 

 in 1892, was a serious opera, and was not well 

 received. His comic opera Simplicimu^ I 

 had also little success. The operettas that be- 

 came popular not only in Austria but in other 

 countries include Cagliostro, The Forty Thieves, 

 Carnival in Rome, Prince Methusalem. The 

 Tzigane, The Queen's Lace Handkerchief, The 

 Merry War, A Night in Venice, and The Gipsy 

 Baron. Some of his best-known walt/e> are the 

 Beautiful Blue Danube; Wine. Women, and 

 Song; Roses from the South; Thousand and One 

 Nights; Kiinstlerleben ; Wiener Blut; and Mor- 

 genblatter. He wrote 500 waltzes. 



