OKLAHOMA. 



681 



" 1. The right of self-government through the 

 abolition of political parties A, direct nomina- 

 tion of candidates by the people; B, direct mak- 

 ing of laws by the people. 



' 2. Public ownership of all public utilities. 



" ,3. Union wages, hours, and conditions, or bet- 

 ter, for skilled labor, and an eight-hour day with 

 a living wage for unskilled labor on all public 

 work done. 



" 4. Abolition of the contract system, that glar- 

 ing evil of the competitive system, on all public 

 work, and the substitution of direct employment. 



" 5. It is the imperative duty of the State Legis- 

 lature to deal with the question of unemploy- 

 ment, to the end that provision may immediately 

 be made that no citizen of Ohio who is willing 

 to work shall be driven into pauperism, crime, 

 or insanity for want of work." 



The campaign that followed was peculiar. The 

 Republicans and Democrats were both divided 

 by factions. The nomination of Nash by the 

 section of the Republican party following the 

 counsels of Senator Hanna was repugnant to the 

 faction that had made a hard fight against the 

 Senator the year before, and there were threats 

 of active opposition to the ticket. On the other 

 hand, the nomination of John R. McLean an- 

 tagonized a large number of Democrats, who 

 resented his selection on account of his having 

 been for many years a nonresident of the State. 

 The part the Jones vote would play in the result 

 was a subject of great anxiety in both the lead- 

 ing parties. The total vote cast was 908,159. 

 For Governor George K. Nash, Republican, re- 

 ceived 417,199 votes; John R. McLean, Democrat, 

 368,176; Samuel M. Jones, nonpartisan, 106,721; 

 Seth H. Ellis, Union Reform, 7,799; George M. 

 Hammel, Prohibitionist, 5,825; Robert Bandlow, 

 Socialist, 2,439. Nash's plurality was 49,023. 

 Jones had the highest vote of any one candidate 

 in two counties, having in Cuyahoga County a 

 plurality over Nash of 14,904, and a majority 

 over all of 5,888, and in Lucas County a plurality 

 over Nash of 1,425. All the other Republican 

 candidates were elected, with the following plural- 

 ities: Lieutenant Governor, John A. Caldwell, 

 12,720; Auditor of State, Walter D. Guilbert, 

 47,848; Treasurer of State, Isaac B. Cameron, 

 46,043; Attorney-General, John M. Sheets, 45,- 

 069; Judge of Supreme Court, W. Z. Davis, 46,- 

 313 ; Member of Board of Public Works, Frank A. 

 Huffman, 47,670. 



A Legislature was also elected, the political 

 complexion of which is as follows: Senate Re- 

 publican, 19; Democrat, 11; Independent Repub- 

 lican, 1. House Republican, 62; Democrat, 48. 

 Joint ballot Republican, 81; Democrat, 59; In- 

 dependent Republican, 1. 



OKLAHOMA, a Territory of the United 

 States, organized in 1890; area, 38,715 square 

 miles. The population, according to the census 

 of 1890, was 61,834; by the Auditor's census of 

 1894 it was 212,635: the Governor's report gave 

 it as 275,587 in 1896 and 311,400 in 1898. The 

 Indian population is 12,041, a decrease of nearly 

 1,000 in a year. Capital, Guthrie. 



Government. The following were the Terri- 

 torial officers in 1899: Governor, Cassius M. 

 Barnes; Secretary, William M. Jenkins; Treas- 

 urer, Frank M. Thompson; Attorney-General, 

 Harper S. Cunningham; Superintendent of In- 

 struction and Auditor, Stuart N. Hopkins; Ad- 

 jutant General, Bert C. Orner; Oil Inspector, 

 Amos A. Ewing; Bank Examiner, John M. Pugh; 

 Superintendent of Public Health, L. H. Buxton; 

 School Land Commissioner, Charles H. Filson; 

 Grain Inspector, C. F. Prouty; Game Warden, 



Daniel R. Widmer ; Librarian, George H. Dodson ; 

 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, J. H. Bur- 

 ford; Associate Justices, B. F. Burwell, B T 

 Hainer, John L. McAtee, and C. F. Irwin, who 

 succeeded J. C. Tarsney in March; Clerk, B. F. 

 Hegler. All are Republicans except Judge Mc- 

 Atee, who is a Democrat. 



Finances. The total taxable property as as- 

 sessed amounts to $42,982,414. This is an in- 

 crease of more than $2,000,000 in one year. The 

 Territorial tax is 5.2 mills, of which 3 mills is for 

 general purposes, the remainder for education and 

 charities. The bonded debt is $48,000; the war- 

 rant indebtedness, June 30, was $2J)0,03(>.39. 



Education. The number enrolled in the 

 schools in 1898 was 77,121, of whom 4,224 were 

 colored. The schools taught numbered 1,962; the 

 average length of school in days in the different 

 counties varied from seventy-three to one hundred 

 and seventeen. There were 2,107 teachers, and 

 the average monthly salaries were from $18.57 to 

 $62.50. The total receipts for the year ending 

 June, 1898, were $570,238; the expenditures, 

 $415,347. 



The university, at Norman, is supported by a 

 general tax of 0.5 mill, and has its share from the 

 leases of the lands reserved for the benefit of the 

 normal school, the university, and the Agricul- 

 tural College. In all departments there were 336 

 students, with the prospect of 450 in 1899-1900. 



The normal school at Edmond had an attend- 

 ance of 250; 10 were graduated in 1899. 



In the Agricultural and Mechanical College, at 

 Stillwater, 219 were enrolled, of whom 95 were in 

 the collegiate classes, the remainder in the pre- 

 paratory department; and 8 were graduated. 

 The courses of study have been strengthened and 

 enlarged. The Legislature this year provided for 

 a tax of 0.1 mill, and set apart one fifth of the 

 income of the lands mentioned above for this in- 

 stitution. The annual income from all sources 

 is now about $50,000. A special appropriation of 

 $20,000 was made for buildings. The new build- 

 ing for the Northwestern Normal School, at Alva, 

 was finished in April, having cost $91,995. The 

 school was organized in 1897, and has been in 

 temporary quarters. The enrollment in 1898 was. 

 211, want of room having necessitated the rejec- 

 tion of 73 applications. In 1899 there were 327* 



Langston University, for colored students, was 

 opened in September, 1898, and at the close of 

 the year had 181 students. Buildings have been 

 added at a cost of $10,000, given by the last 

 Legislature, which also granted $44,000 for ex- 

 penses of the coming two years. 



Charities and Corrections. For the care and 

 education of 27 deaf-mutes the Territory paid for 

 the year $6,182 under contract. There is no pro- 

 vision now for the blind children, the contract 

 formerly in force having been given up. July 1 

 there w r ere 243 insane patients cared for by con- 

 tract, at $200 a year each. 



The Territorial Penitentiary had in the autumn 

 168 convicts, whose care and keeping cost $20,- 

 634, and transportation $3,144. They are kept 

 under contract at Lansing, Kan., at the rate of 

 35 cents a day. 



Railways. Three lines of railway were built 

 in the year, and 4 are building; 26 companies were 

 chartered within eighteen months. The mileage 

 is more than 1,000, of which about 780 is main 

 track. The valuation for taxation is $3,338,345. 



Militia. The National Guard consists of 

 about 450 officers and enlisted men, organized in 

 9 companies and a regimental band. 



Banks. There are 68 Territorial banks and 

 7 national banks, with a total paid-up capi- 



