URUGUAY. 



UTAH. 



841 



" The essential principles of the Universalist 

 faith is: The universal Fatherhood of God; the 

 spiritual authority and leadership of his Son, 

 Jesus Christ; the trustworthiness of the Bible as 

 containing a revelation from God; the certainty 

 of retribution for sins; the final harmony of all 

 souls with God." 



The declaration was adopted by a vote of 132 

 to 10. The Rev. Dr. Edward Everett Hale was 

 received as a fraternal delegate from the National 

 Conference of Unitarian and other Christian 

 Churches, and addressed the convention. Resolu- 

 tions were also received from the American Uni- 

 tarian Association proposing the appointment of 

 a conference committee of five members from each 

 body, to consider concerning a closer co-operation 

 of the two organizations (see article UNITARIANS 

 for the text of the resolutions). The proposal 

 was adopted by a vote of 101 yeas to 25 nays, 

 and the 5 members of the committee to represent 

 the General Conference were appointed. 



URUGUAY, a republic in South America. 

 The legislative power is vested in the Congress, 

 consisting of a Senate of 19 members, 1 from 

 each department, elected by indirect suffrage for 

 six years, and a Chamber of Representatives, 

 containing 69 members, elected for three years by 

 the direct suffrage of all adult male citizens who 

 are able to read and write. The President is 

 elected for four years. Juan Luis Cuestas, who 

 was elected Vice-President, succeeded to the of- 

 fice of President on the assassination of Idiarte 

 Borda, Aug. 25, 1897. The Cabinet at the begin- 

 ning of 1899 was composed as follows: Minister 

 of War and Marine, Gen. Gregorio Castro; Min- 

 ister of the Interior and of Justice, Edoardo 

 Maceachen; Minister of Agriculture, Industry, 

 Public Instruction, and Public Works, Jacobo 

 Varela; Minister of Finance, Jose R. Mendoza; 

 Minister of Foreign Affairs and Worship, Dr. 

 Mendilaharzu. 



Finances. The revenue for 1894 was $15,- 

 376,614; for 1895, $15,120,941; for 1896, $16,- 

 042,133; for 1897, $14,257,723; and for 1898, about 

 the same amount. The estimate for 1899 was 

 $15,973,540, of which customs yield $10,061,487, 

 property tax $1,831.689, trade licenses $890,650, 

 factory taxes $470,595, the tobacco tax $463,936, 

 instruction $427,457, stamps $369,668, bank prof- 

 its $350,000, posts and telegraphs $260,000, and 

 other sources $848,064. The total expenditures 

 were estimated at $15,799,231, of which $341,114 

 was for the legislative bodies, $67,242 for the 

 presidency, $131,968 for the Ministry of Foreign 

 Affairs, $2,365,086 for the Ministry of the In- 

 terior, $961,160 for the Ministry of Finance, 

 $1,124,672 for the Ministry of Public Works, 

 $1,918,031 for the Ministry of War and Marine, 

 $5,640,743 for the public debt, $945,636 for rail- 

 road guarantees, $1,416,407 for pensions, and 

 $887,173 for various expenses. 



Commerce and Production. The main in- 

 dustry of the country is stock raising. There 

 were 392,246 horses, 15,589 mules, 5,881,402 cattle, 

 and 16,397,484 sheep in 1896, having a total value 

 of 73,038,000. The number of cattle slaughtered 

 in 1897 was 670,900. The wool clip was 33,000 

 tons. About 300,000 tons of wheat were raised. 

 Of 21,045 farmers, 10,853 owned their farms. 

 Gold mining is carried on in the north, and in 

 the department of Rivera alone 87,336 grammes 

 of the metal were extracted in 1897. Silver, cop- 

 per, lead, magnesium, and lignite are the other 

 minerals. The annual imports are about $25,- 

 000,000 and exports $30,000,000. The chief ex- 

 ports are hides and live animals, sent to Brazil, 

 Km uce, Belgium, England, and the Argentine Re- 



public. Hides are exported also to the United 

 States, the imports from which country are in- 

 creasing, consisting of petroleum, lumber, and 

 agricultural implements mainly. The bulk of the 

 imports come from England, the Argentine Re- 

 public, Germany, France, and Italy. 



Politics.- President Cuestas, who assumed a 

 dictatorship at the beginning of the civil war 

 of 1898, was constitutionally elected on March 1, 

 1899, after resigning his powers for two weeks 

 into the hands of the president of the Senate. 

 He appointed a new Cabinet, as follows: Minister 

 of War and Marine, Gen. Callorda; Minister of 

 the Interior and Justice, Saturnino Camp; Minis- 

 ter of Agriculture, Industry, Public Instruction 

 and Public Works, C. M. Peiia; Minister of Fi- 

 nance, Dr. Campesteguy; Minister of Foreign 

 Affairs and Worship, Herrero y Espinosa. The 

 Chambers voted amnesty for all political offend- 

 ers. Economies were introduced in all depart- 

 ments of the Government, yet on account of the 

 increase in the debt the budget was barely made 

 to balance, revenue for 1900 being estimated at 

 $15,977,000 and expenditure at $15,969,000. 



UTAH, a Western State, admitted to the 

 Union Jan. 4, 1896; area 84,970 square miles. The 

 population in 1890 was 207,905; the estimated 

 population in 1895, 247,324. Capital, Salt Lake 

 City. 



Government. The State officers during the 

 year were as follow: Governor, Heber M. Wells, 

 Republican; Secretary of State, James T. Ham- 

 mond; Treasurer, James Chipman; Auditor, 

 Morgan Richards, Jr.; Attorney-General, A. C. 

 Bishop; Adjutant General, Charles S. Burton; 

 Superintendent of Public Instruction, John R. 

 Park; Coal Mine Inspector, Gomer Thomas; 

 State Engineer, Robert C. Gemmell; Board of 

 Equalization, Robert C. Lund, John J. Thomas, 

 J. E. Booth, and Thomas D. Dee; Board of Labor, 

 John Nicholson, J. S. Daveler; Regents of the 

 University, J. T. Kingsbury, President; Chief 

 Justice, George W. Bartch; Board of Agriculture, 

 J. A. Wright, Secretary; State Art Institute, cre- 

 ated in 1899, H. L. A. Culmer, President. 



Finances. The State Auditor showed in his- 

 report of June 30 that the balance in the general 

 fund would have been a deficit had not a loan 

 of $50,000 been made to the treasury from the 

 State Bank of Utah. About the middle of July 

 this loan was repaid by an overdraft accommoda- 

 tion of $10,000, extended by Wells, Fargo & Co., 

 at 4 per cent, annual interest. The warrants 

 issued in July amount to $95,772.99, including 

 the $50,000 repaid to the State bank. 



Following is the Auditor's statement: Balance 

 on hand Jan. 1, 1899, $485,031.54; receipts for half 

 yearending June 30, $261,738.16; total, $746,769.70; 

 disbursements for half year ending June 30, 1899^ 

 $568,063.01; balance in treasury June 30, $178,- 

 706.69, distributed to the several funds as fol- 

 lows: State land accounts, $131,867.29; general 

 fund, $40,678.91; district school fund, $6,112.58; 

 trust funds, $47.91; total, $178,706.69; warrants 

 outstanding June 30, $22,970.84; balance less out- 

 standing warrants, $155,735.85. 



The total number of failures for 1899 was 149; 

 total assets, $141,139; total liabilities, $329,025; 

 for 1898, total number, 127; total assets, $189,- 

 697; total liabilities, $468,182. 



Valuation. The total raw products of the 

 farm for 1899 were $7,280,000; total finished prod- 

 ucts as butter and cheese, wool and mutton, cat- 

 tle, poultry, etc., $8,724,000; from which deduct 

 the value of food consumed to produce them, $2,- 

 500,000. and the total farm products were valued 

 at $13,504,000; total assessed valuation of all 



