A IP INK SCULPTURE. iff 
informed me that such was the tradition of the neighbor- 
hood. This man conversed with intelligence, and as 1 drew 
his attention to the rolled stones, which rest not only above 
the river, but above the road, and inferred that the river 
must once have been there to have rolled those stones, he 
saw the force of the evidence perfectly. In fact, in- former 
times, and subsequent to the retreat of the great glaciers, 
a rocky barrier crossed the valley at this place, damming 
the river which came from the mountains higher up. A 
lake was thus formed which poured its waters over the bar- 
rier. Two actions were here at work, both tending to 
obliterate the lake the raising of its bed by the deposition 
of detritus, and the cutting of its dam by the river. In 
process of time the cut deepened into the Via Mala; the 
lake was drained, and the river now flows in a definite 
channel through the plain which its waters once totally 
covered. 
From Tusis I crossed to Tiefenkasten by the Schien 
Pass, and thence over the Julier Pass to Pontresina. There 
are three or four ancient lake-beds between Tiefenkasten 
and the summit of the Julier. They are all of the same 
type a more or less broad and level valley-bottom, with a 
barrier in front through which the river has cut a passage, 
the drainage of the lake being the consequence. These 
lakes were sometimes dammed by barriers of rock, sometimes 
by the moraines of ancient glaciers. 
An example of this latter kind occurs in the Rosegg val- 
ley, about twenty minutes below the end of the Rosegg 
glacier, and about an hour from Pontresina. The valley 
here is crossed by a pine-covered moraine of the noblest 
dimensions; in the neighborhood of London it might be 
called a mountain. That it is a moraine, the inspection of 
it from a point on the Surlei slopes above it will convince 
any person possessing an educated eye. Where, moreover, 
the interior of the mound is exposed, it exhibits moraine- 
matter detritus pulverized by the ice, with boulders en- 
tangled in it. It stretched quite across the valley, and 
at one time dammed the river up. But now the barrier is 
cut through, the stream having about one-fourth of the 
moraine to its right, and the remaining three-fourths to 
its left. Other moraines of a more resisting character hold 
their ground as barriers to the present day. In the Val di 
Campo, for example, about three-quarters of an hour from 
