THE REV. JAMES MARTINKAU. 529 
the planet cooled. The difficulty and reluctance encoun- 
tered by this conception arise solely from the fact that the 
theologic conception obtained a prior footing in the human 
mind. Did the latter depend upon reasoning alone, it 
could not hold its ground for an hour against its rival. 
But it is warmed into life and strength by associated hopes 
and fears and not only by these, which are more or less 
mean, but by that loftiness of thought and feeling which 
lifts its possessor above the atmosphere of self, and which 
the theologic idea, in its nobler forms, has engendered in 
noble minds. 
Were not man's origin implicated, we should accept 
without a murmur the derivation of animal and vegetable 
life from what we call inorganic nature. The conclusion 
of pure intellect points this way and no other. But the 
purity is troubled by our interests in this life, and by our 
hopes and fears regarding the life to come. Reason is 
traversed by the emotions, anger rising in the weaker heads 
to the height of suggesting that the suppression of the 
inquirer by the arm of the law would be an act agreeable 
to God, and serviceable to man. But this foolishness is 
more than neutralized by the sympathy of the wise; and 
in England at least, so long as the courtesy which befits an 
earnest theme is adhered to, such sympathy is ever ready 
for an honest man. None of us here need shrink from 
saying all that he has a right to say. We ought, however, 
to remember that it is not only a band of Jesuits, weaving 
their schemes of intellectual slavery, under the innocent 
guise " of education," that we are opposing. Our foes 
are to some extent of our own household, including not 
only the ignorant and the passionate, but a minority of 
minds of high caliber and culture, lovers of freedom, 
moreover, who, though its objective liull be riddled by 
logic, still find the ethic life of their religion unimpaired". 
But while such considerations ought to influence the form 
of our argument, and prevent it from ever slipping out of 
the region of courtesy into that of scorn or abuse, its 
substance, I think, ought to be maintained and pre- 
sented in unmitigated strength. 
In the year 1855 the chair of philosophy in the Uni- 
versity of Munich happened to be filled by a Catholic 
priest of great critical penetration, great learning, and 
great courage, who had borne the brunt of battle long 
